Socioeconomic Disadvantage in Australia

Australia is considered one of the safest and best countries to live (OECD, 2016). For instance, Australia exhibits higher life expectancies (80.3 years for males and 84.5 years for females), lower mortality rates (5.4 per 1000 live births), high-quality education and health practices and many employment opportunities (ABS, 2015). However, there are wide disparities in life expectancy, mortality rates, heath outcomes, education and employment for indigenous people (Holland, 2014).For example, life expectancy at birth for indigenous population is 10.6 years lower than that of the non-indigenous male population and 9.5 years for females (ABS, 2015). The mortality rate for the indigenous

Different ethnic backgrounds immigrate to Canada making it a very multicultural society. Immigrants coming to Canada have made it progress to a more multicultural society, making other nations believe that this is the case, however this does not include native societies that have been living in Canada for the longest period of time. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how Aboriginals live in Canada. This paper argues that aboriginals in Canada are not treated with the same equality as non-aboriginals livening in Canada, even though Canada is known as a multicultural society. By studying the history of Aboriginal settlement in Canada

There are considerable health inequalities amongst Britain’s social classes. Health is formed by socio-economic, political and environmental factors; these elements shape inequalities and influence the health of various social groups in Britain.

Physically active lifestyle is less than one fourth the population, 78% live a sedentary lifestyle, this is much higher than the National average of 43%. According the Health Departs assessment 36.7% is overweight and an additional 25.9% are considered to be obese. Tobacco usage is a relatively low percentage of the population, 20.5% and of those

3. Critically analyse the following quote from Sarah Wise (2011) “As Australians we promulgate the value of a fair go. Yet there are individuals and groups in our society that experience extreme and persistent disadvantage that sets them apart from the rest of our society”. (Reference: Wise, S. (2011) “Advance Australia Fairly” Sydney Morning Herald. January 14, 2011)

Eventually from socioeconomic disparities, a factor affects low income students from priming them from college is the maintenance of the school. The lower the maintenance of the school like poor hygiene and change of teacher will affect the students highly. It may come to a surprise that hygiene affects the mentally of the low-income school but it does because it distracts them. In the encyclopedia, Multicultural & Diversity Education, it describes that the many disparities that low-income schools face when being in the environment they are in. For example, they provide the example of “Cockroaches, rats, and and other vermin that can be found in the schools” (Multicultural & Diversity Education 119) when attending low-income schools because

Obesity is a public health issue that has devastatingly developed into a global epidemic. According to the World Health Organization, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is dramatically increasing worldwide at an appalling and intimidating rate with more than 1.9 billion adults aged18 years and older being overweight in 2014. Out of these 1.9 billion adults being overweight, 600 million were classified obese. While the issue regarding overweight and obesity are prevalent in all countries, the National Health and Medical Research Council stated that Australia’s obesity levels have been developing faster than any countries in the world over the past thirty years. Although obesity may have been primarily considered as a personal concern three decades ago; it is overwhelmingly a societal concern today in Australia. The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare have measured that in 2011 and 2012, around 63% of Australian adults had the characteristics of being overweight and corpulence. That is over a quarter of the adult population in Australia being obese.

Obesity is a medical condition, in which a person’s excessive body fat accumulates to a point where it may have a negative impact on their health causing serious illness, disability and premature death. In Australia the rate of obesity has gradually increased over time, where in 2011-2012 it was found that 35.3% Australians aged 18 and over were overweight and 27.5% obese. (WHO reference)This health condition is the outcome of a range of social determinants that warrant attention. However this report will focus on and discuss two social determinants that could conceivably lead to obesity or being overweight.

First, the study had used an adequate sample size of 1,000 people each year to represents Australian population. Furthermore, to increase the credibility of the study, the sample was drawn from the responded individual files of the HILDA survey. Second, the study included three datasets from three different years. This helped to examine the trends and inequalities in the population. Also, it helped to get a comprehensive understanding of inequalities over a decade. Third, socio-economic patterns are determined mainly using education, income, and occupation. In this study, both income and education were taken into account to examine the inequalities. Moreover, the study had considered the health risk factor behaviour among different socio-economic groups. Finally, the study did not consider self-assessed health as the only determinant to measure inequalities. This study had used self-assessed health, health compared to a year ago and SF-6D to identify the inequalities among the selected population. Although there are such strengths in this study, findings of the study should be examined with the following limitations.

Overweight is fast becoming an ubiquitous trait in Australia. According to the 2005 National Health Survey, 53.6% of Australians reported being overweight, defined as having a Body-Mass Index (BMI) of over 25%. (AIHW, 2005, p. 182). This is partly caused by diets which are high in saturated fat and dependent on processed foods over fresh foods. It is also caused by a continuously sedentary lifestyle, as most Australians perform their job sitting down in an office setting and are, furthermore, compelled stay tethered to their computers lest they miss an important communication.

Canada is a country where the healthcare system is envied by many, but there exist some problems. In Canada, an existing intervention is intended to improve health inequities is healthy eating and physical activity. According to Gore & Kothari (2012), “the best way to describe this issue IS to look at why the influence of nutrition and physical activity inequities was a problem with preventing chronic diseases or improving overall health as a concern”. The country looks at chronic illness by examining those who use alcohol and tobacco to determine a healthy initiative to promote healthy eating and physical activity. In improving this social determinant, several initiatives were reviewed and analyzed from descriptive codes that described this problem. Lifestyle and environment based were used to look at the causes of this health inequity. An explanation of inequities is that poor people don’t have an

The patient recruitment could have been more appropriate because of the limiting of patient being selected from only Australia or New Zealand which can reduce the extrapolative quality to a wider patient population.

To account for the main causes of material inequality in Australia a study of structured social inequality must be conducted. This is known as stratification, an important element of macrosociology. ‘Social stratification refers to the systemic ways that groups of people are organised unequally within a broad social hierarchy.’ (Mayeda, 2007, p. 80) An important component of social stratification that is alluded to here by Mayeda is class. In this paper three of the main causes of material inequality in Australia will be explored with reference to the historical and theoretical structure of social stratification put forward by Karl Marx, one of sociology’s founding members, who formed the view that class is one of the key elements in understanding social stratification. The three main causes of material inequality in Australia that will be explored are education and employment, cost of living and access to services.

Slide one Good afternoon fellow classmates and Mrs. Bolton. For this PIP Proposal, my focus question is how does Australia claim to be a multicultural country but lacks the representation of people of colour in the media.

There are a growing number of social problems existing within the Australian society and unfortunately, research does not need to prove this. All it takes is a stroll down the main street of some suburbs to realise the extent of social problems within society. Homelessness is a rising trend that is affecting people of all demographics. Homelessness is more than just a simple disadvantage; with usually many underpinning factors which contribute to it, such as domestic violence, financial stress, mental illness and drug use.