Sociology Chapter 1 Study Guide

Chapter 16 focuses on the colonial era between 1836-1996 known as the Indian Residential Era. First Nations, Inuits, Metis were all subject to assimilatory of the government. During the era first nations were forced to go to residential schools. Children that were sent to residential schools were robbed from their culture and identity. They were given Christian names and forced to obey the system. The profound silence among First Nation peoples has drastically impacted the lives and displaced many individuals. The profound silence with regards to residential schools still exists today. In addition, residential schools impacted families and communities from teaching children long-valued and cultural

In ever culture are smaller groups known as subcultures, these consist of members that have alike interests and passions. In circumstances such as high school or a workplace it is often that subcultures will mix with conformity. This is

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Two different types of cultures are material and non material. Material culture consists of physical objects like clothes or buildings. Non-material culture consists of non physical objects such as language, beliefs, and ideas.

Cultural relativism is the process of how we understand different cultures through their own meaning, and not how we understand these cultures through our culture. Ethnocentrism is when you look at another culture and judge it solely based on attitudes and judgments based solely on how we understand the different culture through our own cultural views. Before being socialized into the Hmong culture, Walt had a very stereotypical view of him Hmong neighbour’s. He viewed them as stereotypical Asians that were taking over his neighbourhood and country, and often referred to them as gooks. Walt only understood Asian people based on his own opinions of them and through what his culture perceived them as and not by direct exposure to their culture.

As defined in our text, subcultures are groups of people that have their own shared values and norms, giving them a common identity that sets them apart from . They represent specialized interests around which its members have chosen to build tiny worlds.

1) Cultural relativism is understanding cultures and how things relate to each other in a context of a certain culture. Americans tend to be very ethnocentric. To most Americans cows tend to be just a source of food, but for many cultures in the East, cows are sacred and part of their religion. Anthropologist use Cultural relativism when studying other cultures by learning what is important them and their entire culture. Anthropologist then use that information to understand artifacts and other things in a more in depth, culturally appropriate way.

Subculture normally pertains to slight differences in a group of people’s ideals and behaviors, but there is another type of subculture called countercultures. Countercultures deliberately go against the norms of society. The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is a terrorist organization and counterculture that was born in America. The KKK a counterculture due to their extreme beliefs, their own norms, and their own sanctions that are completely different America’s culture.

Culture: Culture refers to values, languages, symbols, norms, beliefs, expectations that members of a group possess and the good things they produce and use in their life. Culture is the thing that all the members of a group or society follow.

Material culture is, “the material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils,

Ethnocentrism and cultural relativism are two contrasting terms that are displayed by different people all over the world. Simply put, ethnocentrism is defined as “judging other groups from the perspective of one’s own cultural point of view.” Cultural relativism, on the other hand, is defined as “the view that all beliefs are equally valid and that truth itself is relative, depending on the situation, environment, and individual.” Each of these ideas has found its way into the minds of people worldwide. The difficult part is attempting to understand why an individual portrays one or the other. It is a question that anthropologists have been asking themselves for years.

A subculture is a part of society that has different ways of doing things that stray from the dominant or mainstream culture. It can sometimes be described as a stereotype. Its members have little commitment to the category. A subculture is different from the dominant culture, but is not necessarily seen as bad, and is generally seen as "okay" with the rest of the dominant culture. It's members still function as a part of

Looking at the big picture, subcultures and countercultures are both cultures that have their own values and norms. They are both capable of being a culture within a culture. A subculture is a smaller culture that exists within a larger culture but fit within the dominant culture, where as a counterculture is an opposition to the norms of society and contradict the dominant culture and norms. Both cultures dress and behave in different ways than average citizens of a society and are usually identifiable by their different appearances. A subculture can have its own beliefs, norms and values, but they are usually able to exist

According to the dictionary site, culture is define as” the total of inherited ideas, beliefs, values, and knowledge, which constitute the shared bases of social action”. Some examples of culture ideas are norms, values and religion is largely depending on their cultural context. Non-material culture is an intangible, e.g., beliefs, customs, philosophy, language, and government. Material cultural consists of physical objects, such as houses, food, factories, raw material, and machines. No matter what culture is belong to, it is an interaction between the material and non-material culture. However, I believe that every cultural object gives a concise meaning to an object. For example, a ring is just an artifact for women and men to wear, but in a society where wedding rings are exchanged between couple, it will be values differently.

The term “subculture” refers to a group of people who have similarities between them, and these similarities distinguish them significantly from other social groups. The similarities do not mean religious or political affiliation. These groups have different beliefs than the main culture and are youth oriented. These subcultures have their own styles of music, ideology,