Salt acts as a biologically, necessary nutrient for human growth and development. If human beings did not give a damn about salt’s importance, our world would be filled with bland food, filthy water, and deadly disease. History’s first written records of salt appeared in China, around 4,700 years B.C.E. Salt played a major role in ancient history, especially in Roman and Egyptian cultures. Citizens of Rome and Egypt commonly used salt as trade goods, currency for soldiers, religious offerings, and
would send trucks go around the roads and spread a mixture of salt and sand so that the ice would melt quickly than usual. People would also use deicers for the same reasons at their home and their neighborhoods. In 2008, U.S. consumption of salt for deicing was 22.6 Mt, which was about 9% more than that of 2007. It required more rock salt usage because of the greater winter precipitation in late 2008. The United States produced more salts than any other countries in the world until the year of 2005
Chlorine is a widely known element found in salt, cleaning agents, antibacterial agents, and some dyes. Chlorine is an extremely reactive halogen, its chemical symbol is Cl, and its atomic mass is 35.45. The element’s atomic number is 17, and its density is 0.003214 g per cubic cm. Chlorine is not a free element, but it is sometimes found in volcanic gas. The element is mostly found in other compounds, and when extracted, is a dense gas that is heavier than air; its color is a greenish-yellow. The
Variable (Sodium Chloride) The manipulated variable in our project is sodium chloride, commonly known as salt. Sodium chloride is a cube-shaped mineral that is mined all over the world. It is known scientifically as NaCL, and it is made up of 40% sodium and 60% chlorine. Sodium chloride is essential to most living things on Earth. For example, the intake of sodium chloride is essential for the survival of plants. All plants can absorb sodium chloride, but some are more tolerant of sodium chloride than
material in order to achieve the desired level of service (LOS). The strategy most commonly used now is the application of chemical de-icers. After a road is first plowed, de-icing chemicals are applied to the road surface. De-icers applied onto roadways often contain chlorides as freezing-point depressants due to their cost-effectiveness, including mainly sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and calcium chloride (CaCl2). Sometimes, they are blended with proprietary corrosion inhibitors.
who discovered many elements in the history of science. He was one of those people who never took any credits in his favor. The element chlorine was discovered by him in 1774, when he reacted hydrochloric acid (HCL- a solution made up of hydrogen chloride) with manganese dioxide (MnO2). 4HCl + MnO2 - MnCl2 + 2H2O + Cl2 According to Jack challoner, in his book “The elements” he says, after the reaction has occur “Scheele noted that gas produced by the
of solutions that depend on the number of dissolved particles in solution, but not on the identities of the solutes. For example, the freezing point of salt water is lower than that of pure water, due to the presence of the salt dissolved in the water. To a good approximation, it does not matter whether the salt dissolved in water is sodium chloride or potassium nitrate; if the molar amounts of solute are the same and the number of ions are the same, the freezing points will be the same. For example
All living organisms need to maintain a balance known as homeostasis. Homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment within tolerance limits (Britannica, 2016). Human actions have significant impacts on interactions within an environment. Humans must take steps to minimise the impact of their actions on their environment (BBC, 2016). Homeostasis in plants is performed by stomata cells, which are commonly found on the outer surface of plants, see Figure one (Campbell, 2002). These cells
Current Trends and Practices Although conductive concrete has not been implemented into highways and runways, there have been many experiments and applications of it on a smaller scale. Conductive concrete has been used in making small bridges, tunnel portales, and slabs for testing. One prototype application of conductive concrete is the Roca Spur Bridge on Nebraska Highway 77 South, a three-span highway bridge at 46m (150 ft) long and 11 m (36 ft) wide. “Completed in 2002, its deck incorporates
intake in sodium is high. My DRI reports showed me that I am receiving only 31% of the recommended daily value for calcium intake. An appropriate amount of calcium is 1300 mg, but I consumed only 409 mg. My DRI reports also showed me that I consumed above the recommended range for sodium. A deficiency of calcium has serious effects just as a toxicity of sodium does. After reviewing my reports, I learned that I need to change my diet and be more cautious about the amounts of calcium and sodium that I