Sodium Chloride Reaction Lab Report

Sodium Chloride is added to the ice to lower the melting point of the ice, which is called ionic dissociation. The sodium chloride is added to the ice in the larger bag in order to keep the dissolving ice from becoming room temperature. Sodium chloride keeps the ice/ slush at a low temperature that allows the ice/slush to start chilling the cream and milk which is located in the smaller bag. The freezing point drops to about -10 degrees Celsius. This allowed the ice/ slush to remain cold at a low temperature. The sodium chloride prevents hydrogen bonds and keeps the water molecules solid. This is called freezing point depression. This is one of the colligative properties of science. Without the temperature dropping, the ice/ slush would not remain cold and crystals would not be able to form in the smaller bag. The crystals create the ice cream’s texture.

In the chemical and physical change lab, we figured out what a chemical change is. A chemical change is a change in which one or more substances are converted into a different substances. That means if a chemical change occurred the substances will be turned into a different substance. In order to know if a chemical change happened you will see bubbles, a color change, energy released as heat and light or a solid participate. The first example, of a chemical change in this lab is bubbles. In stations 6 and 8 each had bubbles in them. In station 6 the zinc was put into the HCI acid and once they touched they got bubbly and cloudy. Also in station 8 when a spoonful of baking soda and HCI acid touches the solution, it started to bubble and fizz.

Before being able to find the unknown ions inside the solution provided by the teacher, the ions needed to be examined for any physical or chemical changes to ensure the confirmation of each one. There were three separate sections to this lab, each one containing the same fifteen steps that needed to be followed to identify every ion. In the first part, the ions were given labeled in their original containers and divided into separate test tubes. Each ion was tested with the steps leading to their confirmation. Things such as color change or the formation of a precipitate signified a chemical reaction that confirmed the presence of an ion. This was used to give a better perspective on what would happen during the "real" lab procedure

I was hired to be a new chemistry teacher at the Forest Grove High School. When I got

Introduction: Substances can be created and can go through a chemical change. When a substance is produced this is a reaction or chemical change this is also called the product. If a substance is the reason why the experiment this is called a reactant. Whether it is a product or a reactant it depends on what happens in the chemical reaction. There is many types of chemical reactions.

Within the first part of this lab with creating a 0.500 M solution, it is important and necessary to use deionized water. This is because any other source of water, like tap water, has electrolytes such as fluoride and calcium which will affect the solution because it will not be pure sodium and chlorine ions within the solution. When creating the solution of NaCl, the deionized water must be added to NaCl. This is because if the NaCl was added to the 1.0 L of deionized water, then there is the possibility of going over the 1.0 L mark on the volumetric flask which will mean that the solution is not a 0.500 M solution of NaCl or the desired concentration. If there is still NaCl on the bottom of the flask that does not dissolve, that is a problem

Amount of anhydrous salt by dividing the mass of the copper sulfide by the number of grams per mole, in 1 mole of copper sulfide: 0.01058mol

To compare the mass of the products of a chemical reaction with the mass of its reactant

From the Module 5: Ion channels part 2, an action potential is generated by voltage gated sodium and potassium channels and happens when the intercellular sodium influx is greater than the intercellular potassium influx. When a cell encounters a stimulus or an injection, the cell depolarizes. Sodium’s equilibrium potential is around +40-50mV, causing the electrochemical force to drive the cell as close to its desired potential as possible. As more of the cell depolarizes more sodium’s equibrium potential becomes smaller creating a larger sodium current. Sodium would remain at its equilibrium potential if not for the opposing forces such as sodium channel inactivation and potassium channel activation. Different from deactivation, sodium channels have a

To determine each solution's freezing point certain methods and materials were used. First, two weighing boats were labeled NaCl and CaCl2. Each weigh boat was placed on the scale to calculate the initial weight of the boats. 2.0g of sodium chloride was added to the boat labeled NaCl and reweighed. The same was done for CaCl2, then the freezing point apparatus was assembled. Using a 600mL beaker filled with ¾ full of ice, the remainder of NaCl was poured into the beaker and mixed. The thermometer was placed into the ice bath beaker until it became -10C. Four test tubes were labeled 1-4. For test tube 1, a 100mL graduated cylinder was used to measure 15mL of water and then poured into tube 1. After the temperature reached -10C, the thermometer

Subsequently, the autoclave was purged with carbon dioxide and alternately evacuated 3 times, followed by adding purified PO with a large syringe. The autoclave was then pressurized to 5.0 MPa via a CO2 cylinder. The copolymerization was performed at 60°C under stirring for 40 h. The resulting viscous mixture was removed and dissolved in a proper volume of methylene chloride. The residual catalyst was extracted from the product solution by using 500 mL of dilute hydrochloric acid (5%), followed by washing 3 times with distilled water.

Anaija Hilliard Dr. Agapito Chemistry 10 February 13, 2018 Lab Report Introduction: In this activity, the group dealt with four metals and six chemicals. They observed the different chemical reactions each metal made with each chemical. In the end, the group ended up with 24 chemical reactions, each distinct to a certain metal and its chemical.

The Dahl salt sensitive (SS) and resistant (SR) rats we originated from a Sprague Dawley (SD) colony. Dhal et.al. fed the animals with a diet containing 8% NaCl by weight, and were able to separate and inbreed the animals developing hypertension to those that kept BP within normal values. Thus, not only the Dahl SS rat presents an extreme sensitivity to salt but the Dahl SR present resistant to it. This is an important point and data obtained from SR should not be taken as data from random-breed SD animals.

In this experiment, trimyristin, a saturated fat and ester, was isolated from nutmeg and underwent a saponification reaction to form sodium myristate, the sodium salt of myristic acid. The sodium myristate was then acidified to form myristic acid, a fatty acid. The techniques of reflux, filtration, recrystallization, extraction, and melting point measurements were used. Briefly, crude trimyristin (fine white crystals; 1.969g) was extracted from nutmeg (brown powder) using diethyl ether under reflux and filtration, and the crude trimyristin was recrystallized in 95% ethanol. The purified trimyristin (fine beige crystals) underwent saponification (NaOH, 60% Ethanol) under reflux to form sodium myristate (beige in solution). The sodium myristate

Benzalknoium salts are considered as cationic surfactants and have more than one atomic name. Surfactants are compounds that subordinate the surface tension amid two liquids or amid a liquid and a solid. Applications of surfactants are that they have the availability to act as detergents, dispersants, wetting agents, foaming agents, and emulsifiers. Benzalknoium salts which contain surfactants are used in disinfectants, antiseptics, and preservatives which are imperative for medicines that ameliorate the nasal and eye. These salts are very simple to make but can become very aggressive when synthesizing.