Solitary Cervical Cell Carcinoma

Cervical cancer is when there are malignant cells present in the cervix; it is developed in the lining of the cervix. A cervix is a narrow opening located at the bottom of the uterus that leads into the vagina. Cervical cancer mostly affects women between the ages of 40 and 55. This cancer can be prevented by screening for precancerous cells, and it can also be cured if it is detected at an early stage. Over the past few decades the number of cervical cancer cases has declined dramatically due to a more widespread screening of the disease. Today, it is estimated that 10,000 new

Cervical cancer is caused by the uncontrollable growth of cells in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Some signs of cervical cancer are abnormal bleeding in the vagina (between menstrual cycles, after sex, and after menopause), pain in the lower belly, pain during sex, and abnormal vaginal discharge.

First and foremost, thing to do when a patient comes with cervical lymphadenopathy is to get a detailed history. The history should include questions such as the onset of lump; pain on lump; if the lump is unilateral or bilateral and other lumps present anywhere else in the body; any associated symptoms like fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, night sweats, weight loss, or poor appetite; and any recent foreign travel, upper respiratory infection or TB exposure. It may be necessary to obtain a detailed sexual, smoking and drug abuse history. Next step is the physical examination by palpating the nodes to assess the size, shape, matting and consistency (Mohseni et al., 2014). In addition, check for tenderness, mobility, erythema and warmth. It is important to

The diagnosis of primary thymic carcinoma depends of exclusion of other sites clinically, especially kidney and lung, but also pancreas, thyroid, larynx and salivary gland.

Cervical cancer is a typically slow-growing type of gynecologic carcinogenesis caused predominantly by persistent infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), most commonly the high-risk genotypes HPV-16 and HPV-18.3 Cervical cancer typically originates in the transformation zone of the cervix, where there is a junction of ectocervix and endocervix. The most common type of cervical carcinoma is squamous cell carcinoma and makes up 70-80% of cervical cancers. This type of cervical cancer occurs in the squamous cells of the ectocervix. The second most common type is an adenocarcinoma, occurring in glandular cells of the endocervix, and makes up 10-15% of cervical cancers. Cervical cancers can also be a mixture of dysplastic squamous cells and glandular cells; this type of carcinoma is termed adenosquamous carcinoma and makes up 1-2% of cervical cancers. The final type of cervical cancer is associated with HPV-6 rather than HPV-16 or HPV-18. It is termed verrucous squamous carcinoma and is very rare.5, 6

They reported that the malignant cells present singly and in clusters. The cell shapes are asymmetric, with pyramidal, spindle and racquet forms, frequently with cytoplasmic tails(8). These flat-ended irregular shaped cells were afterwards designated ‘cercariform’ cells by Powers and Elbadawi(9). Cardillo et. al. described the cytologic features of nested variant urothelial carcinoma. They reported that the neoplastic cells medium sized, round or polygonal, with abundant, dense and slightly granular basophilic cytoplasm and well defined borders. The nuclear membranes had irregular contours and the nuclei contained coarse chromatin with occasional prominent

The cervical cancer survival rates for all stages are about 68%. If the cervical cancer is detected at an early stage, then the five-year survival rate is nearly

Kidney cancer is a cancer that begins in the kidneys. Cancer begins when cells in the body start to become uncontrollable. Cells in almost any part of the body can get to become cancerous, and can spread to different parts of the body. Renal cell carcinoma also called renal cell disease or renal cell adenocarcinoma, is by a wide margin the most well known sort of kidney cancer. Around 9 out of 10 kidney cancers are renal cell carcinomas. Despite the fact that RCC typically develops as a solitary tumor inside a kidney, at or more tumors in one kidney or even tumors in both kidneys in the meantime. There are a few subtypes of RCC, construct for the most part in light of how the cancer cells look under a magnifying instrument. Knowing the subtype

Bladder cancer is one of the most common types of cancer with an incidence rate of about 2.4 times greater in males than females, but with a far worse prognosis in females 1. With multiple risk factors including most importantly smoking1 we will discuss the controversial role played by HPV , a virus proved to be the primary suspect in cervical carcinoma and multiple other carcinomas in the skin and mucous membranes such as head and neck carcinomas 2.

Fifteen to thirty percent of patients are found to have regional lymph node involvement at presentation and approximately one third have distant metastatic lesions [3], [5], [6], [21] and [40]. The most common site of metastasis in parathyroid carcinoma is the lung [53], followed by liver and bone [40] and [54].

Primary central nervous system lymphoma or PCNSL is now considered a form of extra-nodal or high-grade non-Hodgkin B-cell neoplasm (Ramachandran et al, 2012). It typically starts in the central nervous system, thus a stage-2 disease. It accounts for less than 2% of all cases of cerebral neoplasms and reported in 6-20% of persons with HIV. Incidence is expected to rise as persons with HIV survive longer (Ramachandran et al).

A more specific type of lymphoma is cervical lymphoma, it is located in the throat (Leukemia & Lymphoma society, 1975). Cervical lymphoma is categorized in the Non- Hodgkin’s Lymphoma ( A few signs or symptoms that involve cervical lymphoma include:

For the given assignment, I chose Cervical Cancer as the health outcome and the screening tests recommended by the USPSTF for the age group of 30 to 65. Cervical cancer is a type of cancer arising from the cervix. In more than 90% of the cases HPV infection is involved in the development of the disease. The current annual incidence rate for the disease is 6.6 cases per 100,000 women, and the age-adjusted mortality rate is 2.4 deaths per 100,000 (for 2003 to 2007). Five-year survival rates in the United States are 68%. Worldwide, it is the fourth-most common cause of death from cancer in women. The risk factors associated with cervical cancer include smoking, HIV infection, using birth control pills for long time etc.

The age of the cervical carcinoma patients ranges from 40 to 71 years with mean age of 56 years.

Cervical cancer is a cancer that starts in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus, which opens at the top of the vagina. It occurs when abnormal cells on the cervix grow out of control. Cervical cancer can often be successfully treated when it is found early. It is usually fount at a very early stage through a pap-test. Cervical cancer is the third most common type of cancer in the world. Routine pap-smears, in the United States, have narrowed down the disease, unlike other countries. This disease starts in the cells on the surface of the cervix. Of the two types of cells, on the surface of the cervix, squamous and columnar, the majority of cervical