Solubility Lab Report

Prior to beginning the experiment, it is important to understand a few different concepts such as the distinguishing physical properties of a chemical substance and how these physical properties can be analyzed. Physical properties of a chemical substance include water solubility and melting point, both of which are used to pursue identification of the unknown component of Panacetin. Water solubility is a distinct physical feature of chemical substances that can lead to an increase or decrease in product recovered. For example, the water solubility of the two possible unknowns, acetanilide or phenacetin, are different in opposite temperature spectrums. Acetanilide’s cold water solubility is 0.54 grams/100 mL of water, whereas the substance’s boiling water solubility is 5.0 grams/100 mL of water.

Introduction: The purpose of this lab is to see how fast an Alka-Seltzer tablet dissolves in water when the surface area increases. Problem Statement: How does surface area influence the Alka-Seltzer tablet on how fast it can dissolve in water? Hypothesis: If the surface area increases then the time it takes to dissolve will decrease. Investigation Diagram (ID)

Osmosis and diffusion are passive transport mechanisms, meaning that no energy has to be added into the system in order for transport to occur, which the cell uses in its selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis involves the transportation, or movement, of water from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Diffusion is the movement of solute particles from areas of high solute concentrations to areas of lower concentrations of solutes. Therefore, both osmosis and diffusion work on a concentration

Substance A and B were weighed; Substance A weighed 0.502 g and substance B weighed 0.503 g. Both substances were put into two different test tube with approximately 8 ml of DI water into the test tub. Substance A and B were stirred and B dissolved while A did not. This shows that B is soluble in water compared to A. Thus, shows that B is soluble in water than A. The reason why B is soluble in water is because it has a higher dipole moment than A. With a higher dipole moment, it shows that it is soluble in water since it is polar and the bonds were easily broken.

Ionic compounds are soluble in water to a certain point depending on the compound. The level of solubility changes among different compounds. Some ionic compounds can completely dissolve in water and appear to be a homogeneous mixture. Although, some ionic compounds dissolve very little, and could be considered insoluble, since it does not dissolve fully. Depending on the compound, the level of solubility can be high or low. However, ionic compounds could dissolve to a certain degree. If the solution appears to be a heterogeneous mixture, many may assume through visual representation that it may be insoluble. As stated previously, the smallest amount of solubility should be considered. To confirm whether or not the substance is soluble, observe the efficiency when conducting electricity. Due to practical reasons, the slightest solubility could be considered insoluble by people.

NOTE: Dissolution rating is a number out of 10 that numerically describes the degree to which the Panadol has dissolved at a particular time interval.

Medication has also become increasingly complex. There has been a massive increase in the number and variety of medications available. In addition, many medications have different routes of delivery, variable actions (long acting, short

solvent- able to dissolve other substances, the liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

By identifying the solubility of the unknown, it could lead to a closer interpretation as to what the functional group the unknown may be. Solubility is determined based on intermolecular attractive forces, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole, and London dispersion forces. Intermolecular attractive forces arise due to different electron environments in different molecules. For example, water molecules are good at dissolving

Pharmacokinetics "is the way a drug is absorbed, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (pg. 749 Treas)

A biomolecule can dissolve in water if it can form significant non-covalent interactions with the solvent molecules.

Which brand of painkilling medicine dissolves the fastest and does flavor, coating, and color of the pill affect the dissolution time? If several different pain neutralizing pills are placed in stomach acid and timed in order to find out which pill dissolves first, then the most effective pill will be the first to dissolve. In order to test this, eight different types of pain neutralizing medicine were put into simulated stomach acid and timed. Normal strength, liquid gel capsules, and children's flavored pills were all tested. In order to accurately simulate stomach acid, vinegar, which has the same pH levels of stomach acid, was heated to thirty seven degrees Celsius and stirred constantly and evenly. The pills tested were Advil, Children's

breakdown of drugd within the body and the characteristic interactions of a drug in terms of its

The article basically talks about the phase separation behavior of poorly aqueous drugs and how they affect the bioavailability of other drugs given in combination with it. The amorphous and crystalline solubility is determined for various poorly water soluble and the concentration at which phase separation occurs is recorded. When a second drug is present, the concentration at which the phase separation occurs is greatly reduced, when both the drugs are miscible in the solvent. As a result, reduced thermodynamic activity of each drug occurs and this needs to be considered to study the bioavailability of each drug while co-compounding or co-formulating. This article is very appropriately titled. In my opinion the title clearly reflects the

In many pharmaceutical industries, spray drying is used to create particles that are utilized to form many oral or inhaled drugs. Thus, these particles are designed to be pressed into tablets or dispersed in aerosols. A spray dryer is a processing unit that produces a mist where the solvent is quickly evaporated, leaving particles that are collected in a cyclone. This quick evaporation leaves the molecules fixed in their current positions, preventing the molecules from finding their stable locations and generating a less stable structure. The structure of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) affects how the pharmaceutical drugs interact with the body (Vicente). Hence, bioavailability is the extent and rate at which an