Solutio Plague Lab Report

1. Fill in the table below with the results from the monosaccharide test experiment, and your conclusions based on those results.

Viruses are microscopic particles that invade and take over both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They consist of two structures, which are the nucleic acid and capsid. The nucleic acid contains all genetic material in the form of DNA or RNA, and is enclosed in the capsid, which is the protein coating that helps the virus attach to and penetrate the host cell. In some cases, certain viruses have a membrane surrounding the capsid, called an envelope. This structure allows viruses to become more stealthy and protected. There are two cycles in which a virus can go into: lytic and lysogenic. The lytic cycle consists of the virus attaching to a cell, injecting its DNA, and creating more viruses, which proceed to destroy the host. On the other hand, the lysogenic cycle includes the virus attaching to the cell, injecting its DNA, which combines with the cell’s DNA in order for it to become provirus. Then, the provirus DNA may eventually switch to the lytic cycle and destroy the host.

Some phages infect bacteria to destroy them, which is called lysic lifestyle, while other phages infect bacteria and stay dormant inside them for a while, which is referred to as a lysogenic lifestyle. A phage infects the bacteria cell by injecting its genetic material into the bacteria’s cytoplasm. This allows the bacteria synthesis process to start making the phage’s genetic code instead of its own. Once the bacteria have made enough phages to handle, the walls will break and release all of the phage that was created. The phages that were made are now resetting the process and beginning again by infecting the other near bacteria by injecting their genetic material once again. Those phages that stay within the bacteria and not burst the bacteria will continue to reproduce the phages own genetic code. (Griffiths,

Infection is the process where germs enter a susceptible area in the body, where they multiply, resulting in disease.

Compare your results to the table in Lesson 2 Step 1. Then change the parameters to high population and high mixing with vaccine in use.

Lytic infection is the first lifestyle in which an infection gives rise to progeny virus particles and kills the cell. The second lifestyle is latent infection, which is a cryptic form of infection

This lab was not repeated to examine for consistent results, which may result in data where precision and accuracy are compromised. In this investigation,

There is a very high degree in variability because of all the different reactions and small number of trials. I think because each group only did 5 trials and each extract only had 10 replicates, it resulted in variability in our data. In order to reduce the amount of variation in our data we should do more trials of each extract. 4.) Something that worked well in this experiment was the process of setting up.

The plague is caused by a bacterium

3. What is the connection between other Vector-Borne diseases and the Black Plague that took millions of lives in the past?

Most virus study is done with them as a pathogen, but there are a vast number of viral entities

Some viruses also have an outer bag of lipo-protein called an envelope. After a virus attaches to a living cell, it either enters the cell to release the genetic information, or, the virus injects the information through the cells outer lining. Thus changing the cells natural functions and forcing the cell to spend its energy to create copies of the virus. The cell will go on making copies of the virus until the cell is used up and dies. The virus then leaves the dead cell and invades a nearby cell and the process starts all over. There are five types of human herpes virus: Varicella zoster which causes chickenpox, Epstein Barr virus which causes infectious mononucleosis, cytomegalovirus which can cause cytomegalic inclusion disease in infants, and herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2.

Figure xxx: The total plate count of the Escherichia coli from day one to seven.

The table below represents the average samples processed per hour and per step, based off the minimum, average, and maximum samples processed on exhibit 4. Separation numbers are half of the other process’s sample numbers because only 50% of samples go to separation.

I have placed the results from our experiment in form of a table and will use the average results to form a graph. I have also prepared a graph to show the results throughout the exercise.