Solutions and summary to chapter 3 of MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATIONAL ARCHITECTURE, Brickley, Smith & Zimmerman.

| The study of knowledge: What constitutes knowledge, the nature of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible

Prices in a market economy are very important. Price allows us to give out goods appropriately to those who are able to pay.

Besides the sole proprietorship after reading I learned about three basic types of business organizations known as limited liability (LLC), partnership, and corporation. Sole proprietorship is a “business owned and operated by a single person. The business has no separate legal existence from its owner.” (Rogers, 2012) In the textbook it said “Partnership is an association of two or more competent persons to carry on a business as co-owners for profit. The business itself is not a legal entity.” (Rogers, 2012) The law says competent means a partner having contractual capacity and a partnership where each partners simultaneously a principle and agent. You can partner up with a minor but be wise to emancipation or be cautions because minors can void partnership agreements. Partners of a business are owners and managers automatically unless specified otherwise by partners but according to the law they presume equal rights. “Note that while there can be unprofitable partnerships, there is no such thing as a nonprofit partnership. The partners must intend to make a profit.” (Rogers, 2012)

Rules that govern the allocation of resources and how they are used are found in:

Federal police are several agencies working to together to combat crime that affects the country as a whole. Federal police function to enforce the United States Code. For example federal police assist with interstate commerce issues, interstate criminal activities, terrorism, international crimes, and assist state and local police also.

As Milton Friedman once said, “Freedom is a rare and delicate plant. Our minds tell us and history confirms that the great threat to freedom is the concentration of power. Government is necessary to preserve our freedom, it is an instrument through which we can exercise our freedom; yet by concentrating power and political hands, it is also a threat to freedom.” Friedman’s “Capitalism and Freedom” takes us into the mind of an economic genius and shows us his beliefs in a free market and the threat it presents to a dictatorship. Friedman, clearly a supporter of the free market, gives examples to show how a free market can aid a society in striving for success, becoming more dominant, and becoming more powerful. Though, at times he does show how a free market has disadvantages and he makes us aware as to how it can aid people in gaining individualism, knowledge, and overall improving a society. A free market is one that the price of a good or service is determined by supply and demand, in theory, rather than by government regulation. Milton’s thoughts and theory is that through a robust free market with political freedom, economic freedom will follow. Showing how economic freedom is a crucial toward the success of political freedom, Friedman’s theory of a free market and the Do Nothing Principle are major themes throughout his book.

According to the economist, a government should improve market results by using its power to control harmful externalities.

Some of these models are very rigid, and orderly, such as the quasi-military style model, where the organization functions much like a military unit, such as the swat teams do, where battle dress uniforms are worn and military style tactics are employed for all training, this style of policing is more widely accepted at the local and state level of policing.

that, according to the Pareto principle, the gain of some over others is not injurious as

This paper analyzes five great management theorists: F. W. Taylor, Max Weber, Mary Parker Follett, and Douglas McGregor. Each theorist will be compared by four management functions: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling as detailed in the textbook: The Essentials of Contemporary Management-Sixth Edition from Gareth Jones and Jennifer M. George. We begin by discussing commerce prior the industrial revolution and then we define the key management functions, followed by an examination of each theorist, applying a template of analysis and critique.

Robin Hood’s revolution against the sheriff began. It was a personal one. It continued for several years.

Snyder and Nicholson describe Pareto efficient allocation as an allocation of resources, where it is not possible through further reallocations to make one person better off without making someone else worse off (Snyder and Nicholson, 2005, p.467). Varian further explains that a competitive industry operates where price equals marginal cost, while a monopolised industry operates where price is greater than marginal cost; therefore a higher price creates a lower output (Varian, 1996, p.411-412).

Having a surplus amount of knowledge is often seen as something that is desired. But, sometimes having knowledge that

Knowledge is defined to be facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education. There are two categories that fall under knowledge; personal knowledge and shared knowledge. Shared knowledge refers to what “we know because.” It can also be defined as communicated and constructed knowledge; within culture, social norms, and semiotics. Personal knowledge refers to “I know because.” An expanded definition of personal knowledge refers to personal experiences, values, and perceptions. Shared knowledge changes and evolves over time because of methods that are continuously shared. It is assembled by a group of people. Personal knowledge, on the other hand, depends crucially on the experiences of a particular individual. It is gained

externalities keep the market from reaching allocative efficiency because the gains or losses generated are external to the pricing system; they are unpriceable. The transaction costs of externalities misallocation of resources or a failure of the market economy to generate a Pareto optimum. positive externalities 3 types of interventions the government may engage in: