SOUTH AFRICA HISTORY
In the history of South Africa, the earliest known settlers of the country were the San and Khoekhoe people, collectively known as Khoisan. They were two distinct cultural groups.
The first Europeans to arrive in South Africa were the Portuguese Seafarers who initiated the sea route to India in 1488. They were soon followed by other Europeans since the late 16 th century
In 1815, the British took permanent control of the Cape colony and brought in more settlers
In 1910 South Africa got freedom from the British rule.The Union of South Africa was formed on 31 May 1910. The National Party came into power in 1948 and devised a harsh system of segregation known as apartheid. This system gave rise to Black hostility and
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South Africa has rich mineral resources. • It is the world's largest producer and exporter of gold and platinum and also exports a significant amount of coal. • the value added processing of minerals to produce fero alloys,stainless steels is a major industry and an important growth area. area. • The country's diverse manufacturing industry is a world leader in several specialized sectors, including motor vehicles and parts, railway rolling stock, synthetic fuels, and mining equipment and machinery. • Primary agriculture accounts for about 3% of the gross domestic product. Major crops include citrus and deciduous fruits, corn, wheat, dairy products, sugarcane, tobacco, wine, and wool. South Africa has many developed irrigation schemes and is a net exporter of food.
• GDP (2008): $277 billion. Real GDP growth rate (2008): 3.1%
• Negative growth rate of 2% in 2009 ,first recession in 18 years Unemployment Rate June 2009: 23.6% Inflation Rate August 2009: 6.4%
• Fiscal Deficit of GDP in FY2009: 1.2% GDP composition (2008):
• Agriculture and mining (primary sector)--8%; industry (secondary sector)--21%; services (tertiary sector)--71%.
ETHNIC GROUP
Black Africans comprise about 80% of the population and are divided into a number of different ethnic groups. Whites comprise just over 9% of the population. They are primarily descendants of Dutch, French,
In both countries, the schism between Africans and their government worsened. To illustrate: “[The Emancipation Proclamation] ended [slavery] . . . , but blacks . . . had more in common with African-American slaves . . . than with the [Caucasian businessmen]” (Bausum 2012, 19). For instance, Congress passed the discriminatory Jim Crow Laws – in order to establish a hierarchy based on “the plantation mentality” (Bausum 2012, 14). For South Africans, the National Party (the Nats) in 1948, made apartheid the official law. Both forms of segregation continued the cycle of poverty for coloured people and “ensured [that Caucasians had better quality education], hospitals, and other public services” (Rose 2011, 12). For example, African-American garbage men’s insufficient salary “was based on their garbage routes” rather than an hourly wage (Bausum 2012, 14). Similarly, black South African staff received inadequate pay and the law outlawed strikes and the formation of unions.
Wheat and sugarcane are the leading crops, followed by barley, oats, rice, potatoes, cotton, sunflower seeds, and tomatoes. Fruits include grapes, primarily for wine, and oranges, apples, pineapples, and bananas.
Africa transcended before European arrival for many reasons such as their wealth, trade, and developed government.
Europeans bought and sold slaves and traded with Africa before the 19th century. Then they took over Africa and imperialized their weaker nation. The Europeans brought together a group of people and held a conference to split up the part of Africa to the colonies of Europe. They called this the Berlin Conference, held in Berlin in 1884. They brought this group together to try and avoid conflict between the colonies.
As Europe started colonizing Africa,
5. The British then came and brought African slaves to work the plantations. Agriculture became the main industry (bananas, sugar cane, coffee, and other).
The South Africans view the Great Trek as a central event of their 19th century history and the reason for them becoming a nation. Once being granted independence to the trekkers in the Transvaal and Transorangia regions in 1852 and 1854, the Voortrekkers knew that their hard work had paid off. The migrants brought South Africa great pride and are a strong representation of a hard-working group of people fighting for what they believe in (The
South Africa has diamonds and gold. The Boers settled in Africa long before the British came there to colonize. The Boers were Dutch and come over to Africa in 1652. The Boers and the British did not agree with British policies including land and slaves. The Boers had no where to go but north. Which later became known as the Great Trek. When they were heading north they got in fierce battles with the Zulu and many other African groups as they were attempting to take land. The Boers didn't want outsiders coming in when gold was discovered. The Boers did t want any of the people coming to seeks fortune to gain any political rights. People tried to rebel against the Boers and failed. The British were blamed, and the tension was greater than ever.
The first Europeans to explore Africa were the Portuguese in the 1400s. They were more interested in finding gold than taking Africans. There were many aspects that led to slavery, some of them were very useful
China remains the driver of the iron ore and steel industry. With China recently switching
The county of South Africa is an economically flourishing country and probably the most advanced country on the continent of Africa. However the entire continent of Africa is probably the most undeveloped part of the world. Why is South Africa so different from the rest of its continent? Karen Politis Virk explains that it is because of South Africa’s developed economy and diverse population (Virk 40). South Africa has three main ethnic groups: African, Afrikaners, and the mixed race. The Afrikaners and mixed races have many roots to Europe and Asia giving the nation even more diversity and a culture melting pot. This set the nation apart from the rest of the African nation in which the majority of the residents are of native African
Africans were first discovered by the Portuguese during the discovery age on one of their voyages around the coast of Africa. But at this point in history they had civilizations just as powerful as Europe and were feared by most for several years until they failed to keep up with modern society. This made them vulnerable for attack and were taken advantage of by the Europeans.
With expansionism, which started in South Africa in 1652, came the Slavery and Forced Labor Model. This was the first model of expansionism got by the Dutch 1652 and hence sent out from the Western Cape to the Afrikaner Republics of the Orange Free State and the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. Numerous South Africans are the relatives of slaves conveyed to the Cape Colony from 1653 until 1822. The progressions created on African social orders by the inconvenience of European pilgrim guideline happened one after another. Indeed, it was the rate with which change happened that set the pioneer time separated from before periods in South Africa. Obviously, not all social orders were similarly changed. Some opposed the powers of pilgrim interruption,
The national party achieved power in South Africa in 1948 the government, usually comprised on “white people”, and racially segregated the country by a policy under the Apartheid legislation system. With this new policy in place the black South African people were forced to live segregated from the white people and use separate public facilities. There were many attempts to overthrow the Apartheid regime, it persisted to control for almost 50 years.
Around 1652, the Dutch East India Company created a settlement on the cape, leading to several other indigenous peoples settling in the area as well . This tactic nearly parallels with the colonization beginning throughout the rest of the world. White supremacy gradually took over South Africa as more and more of them colonized the country, and worked their way into government positions. The English pushed the natives out and eventually did not care about race, merely about the money that came from labor . The Land Act of 1913, was believed to be the initial beginning of the apartheid laws. This act initiated by white supremacists marked the first major downfall of segregation for the colored and Indian peoples of South Africa. The Afrikans were essentially “divided into nine nations” and approximately 93% of the land was reserved for the white people. 2/3 of the population of South Africa at the time was considered African, or native people, and these people were all banned from “freely buying land”, making conditions very harsh, and malnutrition was extremely common . Urbanization occurred with white people in power simply increasing the segregation between races. Africans continued to live and work in absolutely terrible conditions. They often resided in the outskirts of cities in derisory housing, with poor sanitation, were lucky to have a bit of electricity, and had awful people to manage their workplace. The