South Asian region is considered the heartland of present times owing to its geo-strategic

Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of South Asia. It borders Pakistan and India in the Himalayan Mountains. This landscape is known for its raw natural beauty and has stood out in the history and folklore of the Indian subcontinent. At one point in time, Kashmir was aptly named "paradise on Earth". Kashmir excels at diversity. People from all over the world many different religious backgrounds and even more diverse dialects frequent the land. Today however, the Kashmir region is the center a multidimensional problem, with religious hostilities taking center stage.

The Indian-Pakistan war had started since 1947 and these two countries had been involve in four different wars and many borders conflicts. All these wars had seriously impacted cricket which is an important sport for both countries. If pretty interesting to see how politics has impacted on the game and this situation has broaden the gap in cricketing relations between the two countries. The challenge now is to reestablish basic and normal relationship between these two countries.

The world’s general trend towards globalization and capitalism has shifted the way the United States interacts with the rest of the world. This is especially true when it comes to the U.S.’s interactions with countries often classified as the “Middle East.” Pakistan, a nation still finding its bearings not more than half a century into its existence, is one of the nations who has mistakenly, or strategically, gotten caught up with the United States in the “Middle East.” Geographically speaking, Pakistan is Southeast Asia, and not the Middle East. Yet, its cultural, social and economic ties to the Middle Eastern nations makes it

Modern leadership and new generation of regional countries have started to write a new page where history will remain on calendar of security archives. During the last decade of 20th century and first decade of 21st century a new era of political pluralism, free market economy, human rights, respect of national minorities’ rights and cooperation on interest of peace and regional stability has started to flow. The region has entered in a new era of cooperation in the spirit of democracy, however; the overall spirit will be accompanied with barriers and

Pakistan and India, the two rival states in the dense populated south Asian region engaged in sophisticated arm race just after in short time of their independence. Both of the nations in the shadow of two different ideologies have bitter relations and the outcome of bitter relation is always ended in the deadly arm conflicts. Pakistan and India the two infant states were born in the beginning of the cold war just after the end of World War II. Pakistan joined the western block against the Soviet State to ensure her existence in the survival race with its rival state India. India was economically well off state and had reliable resources and forces. Pakistan succeeded in acquiring the membership of SEATO and CENTO to meet its defense needs.

It is common to see soldiers die in war, but the conflict between India and Pakistan is no ordinary war. The conflict between India and Pakistan is so big they are warning each other with Nuclear war impacted by physical geography. How has the physical geography of Southern Asia impacted the conflict between India and Pakistan since the 20th century? There are three major factors that are affecting the relationship between India and Pakistan relating to geography. These three factors are nature, history and religion that I will be writing about. One of the ways India and Pakistan are in a conflict is because of religion and the geography of the region has impacted religion.

Conflicts between Afghanistan and Pakistan brought to the forefront deep-rooted issues that continue to plague relations between the two neighboring countries. Pakistan and Afghanistan are two neighboring Islamic states in South Asia with sharing borders. Conflicts between the 2 started because Afghanistan never recognized the Durand line, which divides the 2 neighboring countries. Pakistan always wanted to keep Afghanistan under their control, but if Afghanistan opposes it would dispute its boundaries with Pakistan. The differences between the two can differ from economical to political and of course geographical. Economically, Pakistan is better than Afghanistan. Pakistan is a semi-industrialized country, poised to develop at a high rate. As of 2011, Pakistan’s nominal GDP was US$202 billion. Afghanistan, on the other hand, is one of the poorest countries in the world. For a long time, Afghan economy has remained closed with trade between tribes and communities. Prolonged instability caused no foreign investments to come through. As of

Southeast Asia is made up of closely intertwined nations. There is shared history and common similarities of having been colonized and therefore appreciate and cherish nation and state building as priority. Multiple traditional and non-traditional security challenges characterised by complex relationships continue have a significant impact in defining the long term peace outlook in Southeast Asia region.

The India and Pakistan conflict remains one of the most unfaltering and unresolved conflicts of our time. Since the birth of the nation in 1947, conflict ensued over religion and territory dividing the great nation into two independent states, today known as India and Pakistan. The history of relations between the two nations follows an oscillating track between times of peace and resumptions of wars and crises. Conflict expanded to encompass a broad range of issues from terrorism to a nuclear arms race through the history of these nations. Having engaged in four wars over six decades the countries still stand divided over a multitude of issues today, leading to high tensions between the borders. Through the assistance of

In term of security and defense, the Asia – Pacific Region has been one of the United States priorities and the need for American engagement in this region is demonstrated in the long history. After Cold War, the military presence of Soviet Union (Russia later) had been reduced in this region. It is said that, in 15 – 20 coming years, this region hardly becomes the priorities for the strategy national security of Russia. Although the United States cut off the number of soldiers and bases in allies countries, its military presence in this region is significant to defend national security, assert the United States leadership and reassurance its allies. Indonesia is an important security partner of the United States and the world’s largest Muslim majority state. Eleven of top 15 largest militaries in the world are in this region. Of the five global challenges that the United States are facing currently (ISIS – Islamic State of Iraq and Syria; North Korea, China, Russia and Iran), four are in the Indo-Asia-Pacific.

The increased economic influence in South Asia is the reflection of the China’s concern of maintaining a high economic growth rate and energy security. China’s investments are essential to the region to stimulate growth

From recent developments it is becoming increasingly evident that SCO's activities are extended beyond its original mandate. China recent military exercises with Russia and its support for Uzbekistan leadership against US military presence ominous signs for western alliances. These indicate a growth in military cooperation and scope. Given that the Eurasian heartland is incredibly rich in natural resources competing powers will continue seeking dominance in the region. It appears that SCO is a vital platform through which Russia and China seek to counterbalance the influence of US and its politico-economic instruments such as NATO, IMF, World Bank etc in the region. Pakistan is an important strategic neighbor of China and with the current development of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and accession of Pakistan into SCO create a serious

Also, the country’s well-structured democratic setup has aided it to further its position within the arena of developing nations. Although the prevalence of this democratic setup stunts the scope of uninhibited regional development, it is an important tool to maintain India’s rapport with the West, namely the European Union and America. Events such as the Indo-U.S. nuclear deal and the launch of the Chandrayaan space programme are a testament to India’s importance in the contemporary world. Even though problems like a large population, disease and hunger still plague India, it is still recognized as a dominant authority when it comes to world politics and influence.

Turkish Parliamentary Deputy Kayatürk has known as on neighboring countries, such as Local local Indian local, for creating similar responsibilities as “It is in their passions to see a consistent Pakistan, otherwise attack will spill over into their position.”

India thinks that Kashmir is not the issue for an international concern and India does not consider UN’s take on any political action over Kashmir. India’s apprehension of Kashmir is reasonable somehow because India has fought three times with Pakistan regarding Kashmir’s issue. On the contrary, resolution does not come through military action. According to India, if India is ready to establish Kashmir as a democratic province with all the privileges of an autonomous, there is no guarantee to Kashmir will be under the Indian union. Because there are lots of terrorist groups are fighting against India. Pakistan is supporting them by providing materials as well as financial backing (Schofield, V. 2000).