South Sudan Sustainability

In the 1990’s cereals and grain were popular in Africa, with over 60 percent of the land used for these crops (ita 2004). From the 1930’s to the 1990’s Africa saw a reduction of 13 percent in agriculture’s share (ita 2004). During the 1970’s and 1980’s, there was a period of drought that affected both the crops and native plant in the area (Boffa Dixon Garrity 2012), which may have contributed to the decline of agriculture’s share. Also, in 1992 the production of corn fell from 10 million to 3 million tons, due to the drought (ita 2004).

Environmental factors are a factor that affect living and nonliving organisms and have participated in Ethiopia’s problem in food deficiency and food insecurity. A large environmental factor that can affect food deficiency and food insecurity is natural hazards and disasters. These can include droughts and floods which can upset agricultural production. For example, grain production and stocks are very low and droughts have hit harvests in grain-producing areas around the world. A more specific example for Ethiopia is that because of Ethiopia’s seasonal rainfall from mid-June to mid-September, soil erosion and

‘The war in Darfur” is an armed conflict in the Sudan Darfur region that began in 2003 and is still ongoing, and in 2005 it was later declared as a civil war against Chad and Central African Republic.

Sudan has known conflict for most of its existence. The discovery of oil in 1979 served to heighten this conflict as north and south fought over valuable resources. In more recent years human rights violations and genocide have occurred in unsurpassed numbers with the Sudanese governments support. Sudanese President Umar al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state with an issued arrest warrant by the International Criminal Court for genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. In July 2011 southern Sudanese citizens voted to secede from Sudan and form the Republic of South Sudan in response to years of oppression by the Arab led Islamist government. South Sudan is now the worlds newest country and free to determine its own path

Darfur is located in Sudan’s western top corner and it has 9.241 million people living there which

Darfur is one of the nine states of The Republic of Sudan in the southern region of Sudan. Khartoum became the capital of Sudan and “wealthy Northern Arabs from around the Nile River received control of the government. Darfur and Southern Sudan were excluded from any real power” (Levy 16). Khartoum used starvation as a weapon of war, they prevented workers from delivering food to those who needed it in the south even though Khartoum clearly knew this was a violation of international law. Due to the lack of food over 500,000 people starved to death in the years of 1992 and 1993 (20). The United States and other countries of the international community pressured Sudan to begin discussing peace talks in 2001 and in the next few years. However, even though the peace talks were signed both parties failed to hold up their end of the compromise. This continued to happen in the next few years, each time the peace talks failed (20 and 29-31). Along with the starvation, drought water shortages, crop destruction by locusts, famine, and disease were recurring problems in Darfur (18).

Located in Northeastern Africa, Sudan is the largest country. It borders the Red Sea and falls between Egypt, Chad, and Uganda.

Uganda is a hot year round country with an agricultural production, developing world rather than industrial. Africa’s climate change involves with some of the most frequent and severe challenges such as health resources are under heavy pressure. Three factors that deal with issues related to the food or agriculture in the developing world of Africa are poverty, environment, and health.

This war is between the non-islam and the non-arabic people (Darfurians and Janjaweeds) who are fighting for political and social domination. Led by Omar Bashir, the Sudanese took over Darfur by military coup.

The civil war in Sudan has claimed millionsof lives and forced millions more from their

In conclusion Sudan is very different than America. The executive authority is held by only one person and the flag is very different looking than ours. Sudan is flat, hot, and dry, and it has the second longest river flowing through it, the Nile River. There are 20 mammals and 9 bird species that are endangered because of hunting and because the animals fight over limited resources. I learned a lot about Sudan during this research, did

When you watch commercials depicting starvation in African countries like Mali, do you wonder what it would actually take to end hunger? Plenty of answers appear successful in concept, but have unforeseen complications, such as building factories in Africa to produce and process biofuels. And other obstacles such as civil wars, poor sanitation, and massive debt keep countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo from advancing. Maybe we complicate the solution to the hunger crisis by focusing on economy instead of food sustainability. Before a country can advance economically and technologically, it has to be able to feed its inhabitants. Therefore, by altering the crops currently grown in the African savannas to create agricultural sustainability, it will diminish hunger, and lead to economic growth.

The article “Is there any hope for Peace in the South Sudan” by Jacey Fortin has said “Dozens of people battling hunger, swarms of mosquitoes — and fear.” This shows that Life isn’t treating all those people fair, because it is starving them to death. They got attacked by the mosquitoes living in constant fear of dying, and that’s not how it should be in life. The article “As South Sudan Fights, Refugees Flow Into Uganda” by DURRIE BOUSCAREN“Many are living in settlement camps, where resources are tight and some families are receiving only half of their normal food rations.” Getting half of the food they normally receive isn’t good for their health, which is causing them to starve and die. Not having resources for the hunger ridden people in the camps adds on to the death rate. In Year of No Rain by Alice Mead she said “For those three days days the boys pushed slowly and mindlessly through the brush and forest eating handfuls of dry beans and rice from their bundles from time to time before they emerged again into more grasslands dotted with thorny acacia trees.” The boys are traveling around the south sudan they have no food they are starving no water dehydration picking up food off the ground just to eat. Eating the dry beans and rice isn’t enough to fill your food needs especially their

Dr. Terry Leahy, Lecturer in sociology and anthropology at the University of Newcastle, spoke about establishing food security in rural South and South Eastern Africa. He particularly focused on current projects and the role of permaculture in addressing food insecurity.

The origin of the war between these two regions goes back to the 1950s when the country, which was previously two separate nations, was made one after World War II by the west. Shortly after this union, Sudan was emancipated from England. 1983 marks the beginning of the violent relations between the North and South Sudan. The initiation of this conflict was brought forth by the Islamic Sudanese of the North, invading with military force the Southern Sudanese Christians . From 1983, it is estimated that at least two million people have been killed in the violent duration of this genocide, most of whom are of the Christian faith and lead non-violent civilian lives. Attention on human trafficking was brought into the international community’s scope with close proximity to the beginning of the violence as two professors from the University of Khartoum shed light on the subject. Ushari Ahmad Mahumud and Suleyman Ali Baldo learned about the genocide and enslavement being practiced on the Dinka people, a tribal group in the southern Sudan, and upon this discovery they dicided to investigate it further. What they found was that raiders from the north were killing the Southern Christian men and kidnapping the women and children to be sold into slavery. The most disturbing part of this discovery was the newfound knowledge that this had been going on for over two years. Professors Mahumud and Baldo