Soviet Submarines in Red Star Rogue by Kenneth Sewell

The main focus on this essay is “Why Did Japan Attack Pearl Harbor?”. On a normal Sunday morning when the American navy units were busy doing their normal routine work, the Japanese navy planned a surprise attack that stunned the world. This attack was so unpredictable that the entire American navy went in deep shock. Very few of them realized the need to manage and control their position to save the naval power. All the staff and ships that were present at the Pearl Harbor suffered massive loss. Just a couple of hours of bombing gave the Pearl Harbor, a battlefield view with fire and smoke emerging from every corner. The attack left American navy at a loss of 2400 of her best men as well as 21 ships that were either sunk or completely demolished.

On 7 December 1941, the Japan Naval fleet launched a precise and devastating bombing of Pearl Harbor, which stunned the United States. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor to neutralize the U.S. Pacific Naval Fleet, so they could advance into Malaya and the Dutch East Indies to access natural resources to further their war effort. However, the Pearl Harbor bombing became an everlasting memory to Americans. Two little known contributors to this event had a profound effect on the planning and execution of the attack. This paper will explore the actions of Bernard Julius Otto Kuehn and Takeo Yoshikawa, two spies who initially went undetected to collect intelligence on the U.S. Naval fleet, and how their actions affected the U.S.

A submarine is defined as “something that functions or operates underwater; specifically: a naval vessel designed to operate underwater.” This definition holds true today but started at the beginning of the Civil War when submarines originally became a popular choice of weaponry. In general, submarine crews were composed of a commander, who steered the boat, and six or more men who used hand cranks to move the boat. Many inventors intended on creating electric motors to move the boat, but they were unable to produce enough torque. Submarines were primarily used in combat because they could travel invisibly. Innovations like submarines did not just change the way people fought wars–they also changed the way people lived.

In the book,”Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of Seal Team 10”, Marcus Luttrell recreates what happened to him and Seal Team 10 during Operation Redwing in order to help preserve the events that transpired during the mission and to aswell honor the men who lost their lives while operating within it.

In Pearl Harbor and the Coming of the Pacific War by Akira Iriye, the author explores the events and circumstances that ended in the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, an American naval base. Iriye assembles a myriad of primary documents, such as proposals and imperial conferences, as well as essays that offer different perspectives of the Pacific War. Not only is the material in Pearl Harbor and the Coming of the Pacific War informative of the situation between Japan and the United States, but it also provides a global context that allows for the readers to interpret Pearl Harbor and the events leading up to it how they may. Ultimately, both Pearl Harbor and the subsequent Pacific War between

The events of December 7th1941 on Pearl Harbor are ones that along with many others will forever remain written down as a historic day in not just in history but in naval and military history as well. In this essay I will first explain and describe the Pearl Harbor attack. I will do that in the perspective of a male veteran who at the time was stationed at Pearl Harbor as a U.S. Navy cadet describing the events of that topic to a news anchor for a local newspaper. I also explain what happened after the attack and explain if there was any possible way to prevent it. Next, I will transition to playing the role of the news anchor and describe the events of September 11th 2001. I will interview a person who survived that terrorist attack and

Hart (2007) describes the Pearl Harbor incident as a failed “level of naval preparedness” due to the disregard by Admiral Kimmel of the warning signs sent from the White House. The U.S. Navy believed that the Japanese would not dare make an assault on U.S. soil, nor did they have the technology to perform an attack across the 4,000 miles of blank sea. This egotistical decision making, or the lack of, had devastating effects that consequently led the U.S. into declaring war on Japan the following

The submarine was called the

were lacking equipment. When the ship sunk, they all gathered up on the emergency boat and

On May 2nd, American radio nets picked up encoded orders from Japan to their navy. It wasn’t long before the orders were deciphered, this gave the American army the information they needed to surprise Japan’s navy; they were to be destroyed, once and for all. The American Army picked up where the intelligence left

In America, the balance between Washington politics and military strategy was poorly managed, many high level officials failed to acknowledge that an attack was likely imminent (Pearl Harbor Review - The Investigations). The Navy fleet, which had previously been stationed in San Diego, had been moved to Pearl Harbor in 1940 in an effort to de-escalate political tension with Japan (Larew). Although American politicians had engineered this move in response to Japan’s activities in China, the hope that it would reduce tension was not realized; it only served to escalate strained political communication (Chen). American politicians were right to be concerned about war with Japan. Kichisaburō Nomura, the Japanese Ambassador in Washington, worked to find peaceful language between the two countries, but it was suspected that he was, in fact, aware that war was imminent (Chen). A dire message from Japan was sent in 14 separate sections to Nomura in the days before the attack. All sections indicated the end of peaceful negotiations and the last message requested that the cipher used to translate the coded message be destroyed;

On 10 July, the US military attaché in Tokyo reported that the Japanese Navy were secretly practicing airborne torpedo attacks on targets moored in Ariake Bay-a bay that resembles Pearl Harbor. The US military attaché in Mexico also reported that the Japanese were building midget submarines which would be towed to Hawaii for an attack on Pearl Harbor.”

Unfortunately, the officer on duty ignored the warning. Had he not, the attack on Pearl Harbor could have been less severe, if not countered completely. In addition, the task of almost the entirety of the air defense of Pearl Harbor fell upon the United States Navy and the United States Air Corp, despite the 16th Coast Artillery Regiment having eighty-two 3-inch anti-aircraft guns, twenty 37 mm anti-aircraft guns, and one hundred and nine .50 caliber anti-aircraft machine guns. The Army Air Corp’s P-36 and P-40 pursuit planes were the main deterrent to enemy aircraft, unfortunately, this was the target of the Japanese Naval Fleet (Anti-aircraft). At the end of the attack, only a few P-36’s were able to escape the barrage of bullets and bombs, and managed to destroy ten of the Japanese Zero’s, while the 16th Coast Artillery Regiment brought down six.

Wescott mentions that the USS Comstock enters into mine squadron 3. The USS Comstock became one of the minesweeping ships since the waters surrounding much of the coast of Korea were Soviet minefields, especially in Wonsan Bay where the Comstock was located at the time. The Soviet Union resorted to mines as a way to sink United States and Republic of Korea ships without putting their own ships in danger. On August 16, 1952, Wescott writes that he “received word today that USS Chief opened fire on the USS Grapple. Two rounds from their 3”50 hit the Grapple’s wooden gun shield and pilot shield.” Wescott documents that two men were killed and nine were injured in the shelling, but swiftly switches to talking about the possibility of his colleague returning the next day and he never returns to the subject. Almost two weeks later on August 28, 1952, Wescott discloses that the “USS Sarsi ATA was sunk by a mine. So far 105 survivors have been picked up. There are supposed to be at least three more men.” He goes on to say that the Comstock is in the vicinity and looking for the missing men. He does cite the progress of the search in the coming days, but his takeaway on the sinking of the USS Sarsi has nothing to do with the war or the men. Wescott is upset that the Sarsi sunk because “the Sarsi had [their] mail from the States on board. Looks like it will be quite a

Sailors to the End is a Book representing true heroic valor, it takes place on the U.S.S Forrestal when a fire consumes the ship claiming 134 sailors, and injuring another 161. The fire began when an electrical anomaly caused a Zuni Rocket to launch from a fighter jet, hitting John McCain’s plane while fueling. After this the 1,000 pound WWII era bombs that were delivered by the U.S.S Diamond