Speciation In New Species

The thought that all organisms are perfect after evolution is a common misconception among many individuals. Natural selection does aid in improving the relationship between the environment and organisms yet it does not reconstruct an organism to perfectly suit the environment. Instead, organisms follow a specific process of descent of modification. Descent of modification, one of Darwin's supporting ideas for evolution, states that all offspring inherit traits through their parents by the process of heredity. Therefore, in organisms there is the base of their parents and through selection pressures certain variations will better adapt to the environment. Since there is still an existing form of the parent and the adaptations, the organism will not be perfectly adapted to the environment.

Speciation is when a population cannot exchange genes with another population. This occurs because of geographic, behavioral, and temporal isolation. The rodents in the St. Kitts island is a small species that has been threatened by development. The populace is extremely minuscule and the rodents are struggling in finding a mate. During my study, I noticed the Nevis rodent population were very healthy and could be used as potential mates for the rodents in the island of St. Kitts. Unfortunately, after 240 attempts to mate the populations no reproductive event was successful. The St. Kitts rodents and the Nevis rodents cannot exchange genes

An example of evolutionary stability would be species 13, the species survived more than 13 million years and now is a “living fossil”. The ability for the species to reproduce and survive in an area means a there is no need for the species to evolve. Unchanging ecological conditions results in this long term stasis.

Critically analyse one of the main challenges, barriers, and enablers for cultural competence in health care when working in a cross-cultural environment.

In the case of ring species, natural selection and sexual selection each play a role in the divergence of ring species. Selective pressures allowed one phenotype to survive better than others in a certain area; sexual selection could cause divergence because organisms choose mates based on phenotypes. In the case of salamanders, natural selection affected divergence because organisms with certain coloration survived better in coastal or inland environments. In warblers, sexual selection and natural selection seem to play a part in the divergence of the ring species, as forest density and migration distance is variable and affects survival of the species. Molecular and morphological evidence can be used to support multiple species by showing

Commensalism is when one species can benefit from a relationship and not hurt the other. There are four different main types; chemical, inquilinism, metabiosis and phoresy. Chemical commensalism is most often observed between bacteria. It involves the species of one bacteria feeding on the chemicals produced or the waste products of the other bacteria. Inquilinism involves one species using the body of another organism as a platform or living space while the host does not benefit or is harmed. Metabiosis occurs when one species unintentionally creates a home for another species through one of its normal life activities. A phoresy takes place when one organism attaches to another organism specifically for the purpose of gaining transportation. An example of commensalism (inquilinism) is barnacles and whales. Barnacles are non-moving and they rely on currents to bring them food. Some barnacles attach themselves to whales in order to help them live. They can benefit as they are then transported over the ocean which exposes them to more feeding oppurtunities. The whale neither benefits or is harmed by the barnacles.

This informational video explains the term symbiosis. In the video, the narrator looks underwater to discover how symbiosis plays a role in aquatic animals. The video also uses animation to goes into in-depth details about mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. The author also provided an image that gave an excellent summary of each type of relationship; by using the (-) sign to represent a harmful relationship, (+) sign to represent a beneficial relationship and (o) to represent a neither harmful nor beneficial relationship.

When a species gives rise to a new species the small group breaks away and becomes geographically/reproductively isolated from its ancestral group. As long as it remains small and detached, the founder group can experience fairly rapid genetic changes.

This occurs when a species is separated and mate with a different species, changing their genetic composition, if then the two species were to be brought back together and mate again, it would cause what is called ‘gene migration’. This process gives so many different variations among the species, which allows more and more variation and population. This process also explains endangered species and extinction.

Talks, T. (2013, March 30). Genetically Evolved Technology: Luke Bawazer at TEDxWarwick 2013. Retrieved November 17, 2014, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BljY3_i3gfw

I like how Fuggle started of this chapter, “...species judged to be closely related using other lines of evolutionary evidence should show more similarity in their DNA and constructed molecules than species understood to be more distantly related.’ ....the number or degree of differences in various molecules among species should correlate with what has been previously proposed as the evolutionary distance between species.” He starts of with a scientifically proven hypothesis and then defends the hypothesis using some examples that show evidence of relation in evolution. Just like the chapters 12 and 13 supported evolutionary creation using fossils and cardiograms relations, this chapter also discusses how the molecular makeup of living things

There are three forms of symbiotic relationships namely mutualism, commensalism and parasitism. The partners in a symbiotic relationship may either benefit from, be unaffected by, or be harmed by the kind of relationship that exists between them, (Berg 2007). Mutualism is a symbiotic relationship in which both the partners benefit from the relationship, (Berg 2007). Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship whereby one party benefits while the other party is neither harmed nor benefits, (Berg 2007). Parasitism is a symbiotic relationship in which one party benefits while the other is harmed, (Berg 2007).

Personally, websites like “A Parent’s Guide to Internet Safety” and shows like “To Catch a Predator” are a powerful asset/tool to the community because they give information to keep children protected online. The problem is that people don’t utilize the knowledge of these shows/websites until it is too late. I feel that the effectiveness of these websites/shows is based on how people utilize the resources. If people aren’t aware of these resources and prevent measures then these websites/shows don’t seem effective but if you they are aware of them, these resources can turn into a powerful asset to combat online predators. I feel that the first line of defense to protect children from sexual predators online is the parents. Parents need to be aware of what their children are searching online and who they are communicating with. Parents can accomplish this by placing passwords on computers, limiting the amount of time a child is on a cellphone or a computer, and monitor their online activities.

Transcripts Throughout my high school career, I am very proud of the grades I have received. Keeping up my grades has not always been too much of a struggle for me. Most of the time, I can comprehend quickly and easily. There were many nights where I had to spend my time studying for a test or writing an essay, but eventually they were well worth the time spent because my grade point average has been a 3.5 and above.

The speciation of WO3 species and the effect of B2O3 on the coordination states of WO3 species were surveyed by the UV–vis DRS technique, and the results are shown in Fig 6. All the spectra were obtained by deducting the spectrum of the support UiO-66. For comparison, the UV–vis DRS spectrum of bulk WO3 is also presented, exhibiting a strong absorption band at 450 nm with a weak shoulder at 360 nm, accompanied by relatively weaker bands at 230 and 280 nm (Fig. 6A-a), and these bands are attributed to crystalline WO3, isolated WO4 tetrahedral species, and isolated or low condensed oligomeric tungsten oxide species in octahedral coordination, respectively. Compared to bulk WO3, different WO3/UiO-66 samples absorbed at 230, 280, and 310 nm