Speech Disorders

* speech problems, such as not being able to pronounce long words properly and "jumbling" up phrases – for example, saying "helicopter" instead of "helicopter", or "beddy tear" instead of "teddy bear"

It is a speech disorder which causes problems in the co-ordination and flow of speech.  Children may:

A phenomenon applicable to the vast field of Speech-Language Pathology, and the foundation of research now and in the future can all be attributed to, difference versus disorder. This concept considers the complexities of those served within the profession and highlights the range of possibilities displayed from an individual, that draws a fine line between a person being labeled as having a dialectal difference or a speech and/or language disorder. A difference can be defined as an alteration in an individual’s speech and/or language that can be attributed to internal and external factors such as race, culture, and the environment in which a person lives. In contrast, a disorder is an actual disability that interferes with a person’s speech

For most children there is no clear reason as to why there is a delay in the development of speech, language and communication skills. Therefore, an adult should never assume that the child’s speech, language and communication problems are due to hearing loss. It may be that the child is experiencing communicating difficulties that are unrelated to their hearing problems because the child may not have acquired the vocabulary necessary to express his thoughts and actions.

Communication is vital in life, whether it be from simply having a conversation with someone or trying to understand what they are saying and if a person has a speech disorder, that can make life very complicated. Children with speech disorders may have trouble producing sounds to use spoken language to communicate with people and may have trouble understanding what people are trying to say. Children with speech disorders may have problems with vocal quality, articulation, fluency, hearing, and intellectual abilities. Those difficulties that children may face due to speech disorders can potentially cause setbacks in their everyday life which is why Midlands Therapy Services tries to help children reach their full potential. Midlands Therapy

For my research I have chosen to discuss the key role of a Speech Language Pathologist (SLP). Speech Language Pathologists can best be recognized as qualified practitioners that identify, diagnose and treat communicative disorders (Serpanos & Senzer, 2015). There are two types of disorders that a SLP can be used for: speech disorder and language disorder. A speech disorder can best be described as a person that has trouble producing sounds correctly or fluently. A language disorder is recognized as someone who has trouble expressing thoughts, feelings and ideas through speech. SLP’s are taught how to treat each pf these disorders.

The teacher or the parent might not even know that a student has a speech disorder. Parents and teachers believe that all speech disorders have some connection with the mouth, but in some cases speech disorders are caused by other parts of the body. Speech impairments could be caused just by simple hearing loss. Even if it is just hearing loss it could still affect the child.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) defines a speech or language impairment as a “communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation, oral motor disorders, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, that adversely affects a child’s educational performance.” A speech impairment involves a person 's physical ability to correctly produce the sounds needed in speech. A language impairment involves an inability to process language receptively or expressively.

After months of doing the experiment, Group A and B were compared to see who improved, and who get worse in this study. The hypothesis approved that Group A who have been told that they have a good speech showed an obvious development in their speech. However, in group B, the children were worse. They had stutter, or their speech get worse, because they were told their speech was bad. The conclusion of the study was stutter can developed and get worse, and it is a medical conditions.

These fluency disorders lead to behaviors known as “secondary” or “accessory” behaviors. These behaviors are used to cover up or avoid disfluencies. Such behaviors include a person pretending to cough or covering their mouth to cover up stuttering, pretending to forget what they intended to say, not speaking even when they need or want to, rearranging some words in a sentence and using ‘filler’ sounds when speaking in order to make their speech sound normal. It is also common for children who have fluency disorders to develop beliefs that impact on them negatively in their future lives. For instance, a child may decide that it is difficult to speak by nature. This often leads to anxiety, anger, shame and fear when

When a person works as a speech therapist, there are multiple cases where you will deal with clients whose dysfluencies are caused by a deficiency in the nervous system. The nervous system is the control center of the body. Any damage to this system can cause long lasting affects to all the other systems. A person may have a stroke, traumatic brain injury, or a tumor that may result in dysfluency. Neurogenic stuttering is a type of dysfluency that can arise due to damage to the nervous system. Stuttering is involuntary interrupted speech. There are different types of stuttering-like disfluencies such as part-word repetition, single syllable word repetitions, and dysrhythmic phonations. The other dysfluencies people may have due to neurological damage is interjections polysyllabic word repetitions, phrase repetitions, and revisions. People are affected by these types of stuttering across the lifespan.

Stutters experience tension in the tongue, lips, and throat when speaking. Stuttering is Possibly the longest documented history of any communication disorder however, Fluency disorders affect a relatively small number of people, compared to other disorders of communication disorder.

Many causes can be attributed to speech and language delay, and it is important to understand the characteristics of the causes in order to help a child effectively. Although speech delay can be just that, it may indicate other issues or disorders and may be the first indicator of such (American Family Physician, 2011, pg.1183). Some causes of speech delay are mental retardation, hearing loss, developmental language delay, expressive language disorder, bilingualism, psychosocial development, elective mutism, and receptive aphasia (American Family Physician, 1999).

Speech sound disorders happen when a child has problems with articulating sounds and sound patters (phonological). However, it was interesting to see that this could also happen with adults whose problems continue on from their childhood, and even those who have suffered from some type of head injury or even a stroke. After reading chapter 9, it was interesting to read that not all speech errors are do to substitution or omission, but to the features of a dialect or accent. Which makes sense from the chapter reading and even goes to show how important it is for professional to keep these differences in mind. It was also noteworthy to read how many of these sounds disorders do not have a known cause, yet they can be caused physically due to

Communication disorder is impairment in being able to receive, send, process, and understand concepts of verbal or nonverbal communication”. It can affect hearing, language, and speech. (ASHA) A speech disorder is when the articulation or speech is impaired, which includes articulation, fluency, and voice disorders. Language disorder is when comprehension or spoken or written language is not understood. There are three areas that can be affected which include form of language, content of language or function of communication. (ASHA)