Spina Bifida Research Paper

According to Wikipedia, Spina bifida is a birth defect where there is incomplete closure of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord (Spina Bifida). This incomplete closure of the back is most often located on the lower back, but sometimes can occur on

Spina bifida is a birth condition characterized by the incomplete development of the spine. Many students with spina bifida are able to be educated in the general education classes. There are three different types of spina bifida and can have diverse medical and academic problems. Many students with spina bifida do not stand out from other students. A student with spina bifida will often need crutches, braces, or a wheelchair. Many of the students will also be cathererizated and will need a nurse to help with the self-catheterization. Most students with spina bifida will have average intelligence and tend to be proficient is reading and spelling. Difficulties may surface in retention of information, organization, reasoning, and impulsivity.

The prevalence went down from Oct 1998 to Dec 1999 was 2.02 per 10,000 live births. It reduced by 22.9% (Mark, 2016). Later in the years from 1999-2000 and 2003-2005, the prevalence of spina bifida falls by 6.9%. The reason of the decrease is still unknown. This decreases the prevalence of spina bifida with black population, but not within the white or Hispanic population. Those frequencies about spina bifida had been evaluated toward 1-2 cases for every 1000 population, with certain population hosting a greater frequency based on genetic predilection. Research showed folate can reduce spina bifida by 70% and decrease the severity of the disease. Myelomeningocele is the most common form of spina bifida. In the United States, approximately 1500 babies are born with myelomeningocele each year (Mark, 2016). The myelomeningocele and other neural tube defect had been declined since 20th century. According to CDC, the prevalence of spina bifida is higher in white and Hispanic population, than in the black population. According to Mark, spina bifida is detected 2 and 1.96 per in 10,000 live birth in Hispanic and white population and 1.74 per 10,000 live birth in black

Spina Bifida is a birth defect in which a baby’s spine fails to develop properly during pregnancy due to neural tube defects. These neural tube defects prevent the backbone from forming around the spine and closing properly. Spina Bifida can be detected during pregnancy or after birth and in

There are rarely complications. It is even called “hidden spina bifida” because there is a small population of people who have it and do not even know it (Spina Bifida Association of America, 2015). This is the only form that you cannot physically see outside of the body. Instead, it involves a defect or splitting of some sort of the posterior arch of the L5-S1 vertebrae without the spine cord or meninges protruding. The meninges are the membranes covering the spinal cord and brain. (Bontrager 2010, p. 628). However, in some cases there are minute physical indications that could get overlooked. That’s because it can sometimes be mistaken for a dimple, birthmark, or just an abnormal tuft of hair (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 1998-2016). Most of the time when this form of spina bifida is discovered, it happens to be an incidental finding meaning the x-ray of the back was done for other reasons. Spina \bifida occulta does not usually require surgery or treatment. However in some people, pain and neurological symptoms may occur (SBAA,

Birth defects are not uncommon in our society today. In fact, 1 in every 33 babies born each year in the United States, are born with a birth defect. Overall, 120,000 children are affected with impairments and disabilities (CDC). Spina bifida falls under the category of neural tube defects. Spina bifida is a birth defect that affects an infant’s spinal cord and brain. Spina bifida affects around 1,500 to 2,000 children each year (March of Dimes). There are several forms of this disability, each varying from life-threatening to mild.

Spina bifida is a lifelong disability that affects the spinal column. In regards to childhood speech and language disorders, spina bifida affects different people in various ways. Although spina bifida is a disorder affecting the spinal cord, certain types may affect speech and language development, which may require speech therapy depending on the severity. Evaluation tools and methods are used to determine those individuals in need of speech therapy. Once evaluations have been administered individuals receiving proper treatment can hope to achieve age appropriate or at least functional language skills.

Spina bifida is a skeletal system disease and birth defect in which the neural tube fails to close properly during the first five weeks of pregnancy. Since the neural tube failed to close, the child will have damage to the nerves, spinal cord, and brain that varies in severity. Although the disease has declined since 1982, there has not been a significant decline and the disease has relatively stayed at the same percentile over the last several years. When I was born, I had a hole above my anus, where the end of my spinal cord is, that was no larger than the tip of a pen, but was still noticeable. After tests were conducted, it appeared to the doctors that I was almost a spina bifida newborn and that my neural tube barely closed in time for the developmental process, which is why this disease is so appealing to me.

Spina bifida is a birth defect called neural tube defects. Normally, the neural tube forms early in pregnancy and then is fully closed by the 28th day after conception. Babies with spina bifida, a portion of the tube don’t develop or close properly, causing a defect in the spinal cord and in the bones of the spine.

There are several causes that can be associated with a Chiari malformation. Some of those causes are associates with a structural defect of the spinal cord during fetal development, injury, or even a lack of nutrients provided to the fetus during development. The cause associated with injury can be as a

More severe cases of spina bifida require immediate surgery to ensure the infant’s survival. Encephalocele also pertains to a defect in the cephalic portion of the neural tube. This condition “occurs when a meningeal sac containing brain tissue protrudes from the skull. The outlook for affected individuals depends on the amount of nervous tissue involved” (neural tube defect, 2014). Infants born with a neural tube defect are also examined for hydrocephalus, or “water on the brain.” Hydrocephalus “occurs when normal passages for the cerebrospinal fluid that fills the neural tube are partially or completely blocked” by a neural tube defect (neural tube defect, 2014). (Frazier & Drzymkowski, 2013; neural tube defect, 2014)

About 3 million fetuses and infants are born each year with major congenital anomaly worldwide. (WHO, 2012)

Spina Bifida is a genetic disorder that results in the baby's spine not forming correctly. The most common cases of Spina Bifida are mild, but some can be severe. Doctors do not know what causes Spina Bifida, but they suspect it is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental risks. Spina Bifida is usually diagnosed by the person getting an x-ray of their back, but in more severe cases, babies may be born with liquid leaking off of the spine.

the spinal cleft and then into the tumor sac. The second most severe form of spina bifida

The disease I have chosen is Rachischisis, also, commonly called spina bifida. Rachischisis is a fissure or split of the vertebral column. It is a congenital abnormality characterized by a cleft of the spinal column. This anomaly occurs in utero, when the posterior neuropore of the neural tube fails to close by the 27th intrauterine day. There is no cure for spina bifida. Treatment will depend on the severity and location of the defect. Mild forms of the condition may not require any treatment at all. Severe forms of the condition may require immediate surgery after birth and often, intense life-time, treatment. Treatment may include immediate surgery, assistive devices, such as a wheelchair, crutches, or braces, medication to treat the various