Spina Bifida Research Paper

According to Wikipedia, Spina bifida is a birth defect where there is incomplete closure of the backbone and membranes around the spinal cord (Spina Bifida). This incomplete closure of the back is most often located on the lower back, but sometimes can occur on

In Canada, a clinical study by De Wals et al was performed to assess whether or not folic acid fortification has an effect on the recurrence of NTDs (neural tube defects), especially on upper and lower birth defects called spina bifida (De Wals et al., 2008). The study was performed in three different regions in Canada: the eastern, western and central provinces (De Wals et al., 2008). Furthermore, the population of the study was conducted on three different types of births which were livebirths, stillbirths, and termination of pregnancies, and the study was carried out through three periods included prefortification, partial fortification and full fortifications (De Wals et al., 2008). The researchers followed the scientific investigation

For the past two years, I have been working with a child who was diagnosed with spina bifida at birth. He is paralyzed from the waist down, and uses a manual wheelchair for mobility. Like most twelve-year old boys, he enjoys being outside and loves basketball. The neighborhood he lives in has an outdoor basketball court for the community to enjoy, however; there are many barriers interfering with his ability to access to area. His neighborhood was developed prior to 1990, so the public areas are not in compliance with ADA standards. The basketball court is located down the street from his home, and currently there are no sidewalks available for him to safely maneuver his wheelchair. The parking lot outside the court is an uneven gravel terrain

Birth defects, also known as congenital anomalies, is the second leading cause of death for infant accounted for 20.9 percent of all infant deaths in U.S in 2011 (U.S. Dept, 2016).

Spina bifida is a birth condition characterized by the incomplete development of the spine. Many students with spina bifida are able to be educated in the general education classes. There are three different types of spina bifida and can have diverse medical and academic problems. Many students with spina bifida do not stand out from other students. A student with spina bifida will often need crutches, braces, or a wheelchair. Many of the students will also be cathererizated and will need a nurse to help with the self-catheterization. Most students with spina bifida will have average intelligence and tend to be proficient is reading and spelling. Difficulties may surface in retention of information, organization, reasoning, and impulsivity.

Spina bifida is a type of birth defect called a neural tube defect, it happens if the spinal column of the fetus does not close completely during the first month or pregnancy, that can damage the nerves and spinal cord" (U.S National Library Medicine, 2014). Spina bifida's symptoms are defending on how severe the defect is. Children with mild form of spina bifida do not have any problems. According to WebMD, children with the most severe form often, have spine, and brain issues that cause serious problems (2014). Scientists believed that spina bifida is caused by a condition of genetic and environmental factors such as the mother's nutrition. "The long-term problems associated with spina bifida are; bowel problems, muscles movement, sensation, intellect and education, sexual function, emotional and family support (which are the most, needed on both affected person and their family), and urine and kidney problem; almost all

Spina Bifida is a birth defect in which a baby’s spine fails to develop properly during pregnancy due to neural tube defects. These neural tube defects prevent the backbone from forming around the spine and closing properly. Spina Bifida can be detected during pregnancy or after birth and in

Children can go under go a countless amount of surgeries to help them work through spina bifida, however it is almost impossible for the child to get through their lives without symptoms going unnoticed. There are many different stages of spina bifida going from minor symptoms like a limp in their walk to being pretty much completely paralyzed. There have been many famous people with spina bifida such as athletes, actors, writers, and more. By sharing these famous people with children with spina bifida it will help them look at life more positively. There are ways that parents can have a better chance at avoiding spina bifida, however there is no way to completely get rid of the chances of the child having the disease. Before scientists went into research on spina bifida the children were not likely to live past a year. Spina Bifida is a horrific birth defect, and hopefully with continuing studies spina bifida average rate will continue to

First, I am going to talk about what spina bifida is. It is a congenital disability from the spine

Although the exact causes are not known for sure, scientists believe there are both genetic and environmental factors that cause spina bifida. The fetus could have

Spina bifida, a type of birth defect meaning, “cleft spine” affects many babies around the globe in that their neural tube incorrectly closes and affects their spinal cord and brain. The three most common types of spina bifida are spina bifida occulta, meningocele, and myelomeningocele—in the order of least to the most debilitating. The birth defect is most commonly diagnosed with the Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein blood test, as well as other tests. The complications occurring with the most severe case of spina bifida include meningitis and the Chiari II malformation. Spina bifida can be treated with a wide variety and number of surgeries such as prenatal surgery, as well as prevented by intake of folic acid. The birth defect, spina

Neurofibromatosis is a disorder affecting the chromosomes of the human body. It is a hereditary disorder affecting the nervous system. The term neurofibromatosis actually refers to two different genetic diseases. The most common type is NF 1, and the less common type is NF 2. Both disorders are transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion. An autosomal dominant disease is a disorder caused by the presence of a single autosomal dominant gene; an abnormal factor located on any chromosome other than the sex chromosome. They are both characterized by occurrences in multiple neurofibromas.

Spina Bifida is “a congenital defect of the spine in which part of the spinal cord and its meninges are exposed through a gap in the backbone. It often causes paralysis of the lower limbs, and sometimes mental handicap” [5]. According to recent studies, neural tube defects (NTDs) rank as one of the most common birth defects next to congenital heart disease. As many researchers attempt to determine the leading cause of spina bifida, Yunping Lei, Huiping Zhu, Wei Yang, M. Elizabeth Ross, Gary M. Shaw, and Richard H. Finnell attempted to exemplify one of the leading indicators of Spina Bifida of the myelomeningocele [1].

Spina Bifida is a neural tube defect that is present at birth. It is thought to be caused by a folic acid deficiency in the first month of pregnancy. This disease can be either symptomatic or asymptomatic. There are three types of Spina Bifida including: Spina Bifida Occulta, Spina Bifida Meningocele, and Spina Bifida Myelomeningocele. The main treatment for Spina Bifida is surgery that occurs right after birth to close the spinal opening and could include several more surgeries throughout the child’s life.

The second type of open neural tube defect is known as myelmeningocele. Myelmeningocele occurs when the spinal column end of the neural tube fails to close (Mitchell, 2005). This type of neural defect is more well-known by its common name, spina bifida. This is very similar to anencephaly because both have to do with an end of the of the hollow tube not closing correctly. As seen above, having an end of the neural tube not close correctly causes missing parts of the body at the point where the defect occurred. In a similar way, spina bifida causes missing skin and body portions at the spinal end of the neural tube. This missing portion usually occurs at the bottom end of the spinal cord, but it is also possible that the missing portion can