Sports Day Database System

Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,

A database administration framework (DBMS) is a PC programming application that connects with the client, different applications, and the database itself to catch and dissect information. A universally useful DBMS is intended to permit the definition, creation, questioning, upgrade, and organization of databases.

Each distributed DB perform some procedures to protect the data from any threats may occur through transactions. First is access control methodology which prevent unauthorized access to data. Second, inference control which prohibit users from inferring confidential data of other individuals using queries. Finally, flow control to prevent information from flowing to unauthorized persons in a way that violates organization policies.

Database plays a major role in any organization. As a Database administrator(DBA) he/she is responsible in developing, implementing and maintaining the databases and DBA 's are also responsible in updating, backup 's and security of the databases. The first Database Management System was developed in the late 1960 's by two firms based on their network data model but in the early 1970’s a scientist of IBM introduced Relational database theory after six years IBM completed prototype on RDBMS (relational database management system). Oracle created the first versatile Relational Database Management Systems In 1983, which allowed organizations to use their DBMS on different machines including mainframes, workstations, and Pc 's. In 1993 Microsoft first created a database application called Access for Macintosh machines. Microsoft SQL server is a RDBMS which is used to store and retrieve the data by other software applications. There are 12 types of servers concentrated on various types of user 's from single computer to large networks (Microsoft SQL DBA).

31) The transaction boundaries are the essential information that the DBMS needs from the application programs to enforce different locking strategies.

Figure 11 shows the relationship of a database using DBMS, connecting the user with the information from the database. A database consists of many data from customers to orders, services, employees, and so on. The user can be a customer or employee. Employees use DBMS to find customer’s information, service types, and service provider information. Later in the process, the DBMS will then extract data from the database to answer the users’ questions.

Example 1 – Consider the following relational database for the Super Baseball League. It keeps track of teams in the league, coaches and players on the teams, work experience of the coaches, bats belonging to each team, and which players have played on which teams. Note the following facts about this environment:

In relational database management systems the tables with the specific data have relation among them that’s why the

Modern database management system provides facilities to minimize the amount of processing that can be lost following a failure by using the transaction approach.

A database management system (DBMS) is the interface between the application programs and the database. Whenever the application program calls for a single data file (e.g. employee gross pay), the DBMS finds the item in the database under the heading ‘payroll’ and presents it to the application program so as to relieve the end user from the burden of understanding where and how the data are stored.

Everyday the world progressively moves towards a digital future, and the use of physical data storage, such as files in filing cabinets, are becoming obsolete. Most companies store their information into databases to easily manage and share their data within the organization. A database management system (DBMS) is needed to to create, use and maintain databases for the efficient storage and retrieval of data.

Due to the rapid increase in technology development, most organizations use databases as a way of recording and keeping their information. In the past, managers would record and enter data manually to the systems. However, there are some organizations that still rely in gathering information and feeding them manually to the systems while maintaining some soft copies and files that are stored according to each department.

A Database Management Systems primarily deal with the retrieval and storage of user data by passing queries with a query language. This query language basically

This paper is based on the database systems. And will result in providing the whole new information about that. Basically, database systems are the computer applications which interacts with the user and help in maintaining the work by making them in synchronization and in a relative format sometimes. Database systems are also help in keeping the records of utilities and securing them for ages. This paper will tell you whole new achievements which can be done with the help of using the database with its correct efficiencies.

In DBMS, by using the normalization concepts on tables, we design the database in such a way that the data is not duplicated.