Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms that have been around on planet Earth for over 3.5 billion years and are found everywhere and anywhere you touch. Some bacteria can be healthy to the human body while some can “attack” and cause infectious diseases to be spread. Most bacteria located on surfaces are the cause or starting point for the majority of common illnesses. For example the flu, cold, gastrointestinal disease (diarrhea, stomach flu, salmonella infection), streptococcal infections, and meningitis. The most common place to spread germs can be in schools, offices, and other public places where multiple people have contact with objects. So, that is why it is important to decrease amounts of bacteria on surfaces to prevent the spread
Bacteria can exist almost everywhere, some are harmless, and some are harmful. There are thousands of different types of bacteria and they fall
Touching objects, such as public phones or doorknobs, that have MRSA bacteria on the surface.
Bacteria is a single celled organism, bacteria have evolved to thrive in almost any environment and can be found in almost any substance/surface and also in the human body, only 1% of bacteria is actually harmful.
Anatomy of an Epidemic: Magic Bullets, Psychiatric Drugs, and the Astonishing Rise of Mental Illness in America is my chosen book to for the class. Following excerpts and reviews, the book challenges the darker side of medications and what they exactly do to patients. The number of mentally ill has been highest in the past two decades, and it not only plagues adults, but children as well. One would think that the advancements in medicine would prevent this statistic going up, but it has not. Robert Whitaker investigates into the matter and explains the dangers of the medications, such as anti-depressants.
A common source outbreak is an outbreak that affects a number of people being exposed to a common pathogen agent or toxin. Back in early 1993 more than 400,000 people were affected with waterborne cryptosporidium infection in the greater Milwaukee area. This massive outbreak was transmitted through the public water supply, caused abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, and fever which resulted in watery diarrhoea.
To help the prevention of infection spreading is by knowing the method of washing your hand because we carry most bacteria sue to the open air that we come in contact with. For example we use are hands to shake hands with someone holding or touching objects. When you are performing any form of hand hygiene you will need to make sure that you have washed your hand with anti-bacterial liquid soap; this is to help prevent any bacteria which we already have on our hands. In all health and social care settings an automatic liquid dispenser should be placed so that when washing hands any individual doesn’t touch or need to even sneeze any part of the liquid
Dirty equipment – having dirty equipment which is not cleaned between patients can spread infection very fast lots of bacteria can be spread on a blood pressure cuff for example.
These microorganisms are transmitted from poor hand hygiene from health care workers to patients as well as touching of contaminated equipment and environmental surfaces. Microorganisms are most commonly introduced to susceptible sites such as open wounds or other portals of entry by contaminated hands. Infection leads to adverse clinical outcomes and can directly threat patient recovery.
Explain two ways you help in preventing the spread of pathogens on a daily basis. (4 Points)
Hospital acquired infections (HAIs) affect over 1.7 million patients each year, causing almost 100,000 deaths annually in the United States alone (Johnson, 2010). According to the World Health Organization, HAIs are the most frequent adverse event in the healthcare industry. Fortunately, most of these infections can be prevented with one single intervention, proper hand hygiene (“The Evidence,” n.d.). Four out of five pathogens that cause illness are spread by direct contact. Proper hand hygiene eliminates these pathogens and helps to prevent cross-contamination and HAIs (Linton, 2015; “Hand Hygiene,” n.d.). Reduction of cross-contamination and HAIs improves patient outcomes, increases employee wellness, and lowers health care costs. Adherence to proper hand hygiene is the single most important safety measure in the health care setting. However, for many years compliance to proper hand hygiene in the healthcare industry has been dismally low. New and inventive measures must be implemented to increase compliance to proper hand hygiene and lower the rate of hospital-acquired infections.
The basic reproductive rate (Ro) of infection is the average number of secondary infections produced by a typical infection that can be used to measure the transmission of a disease in a susceptible population. For instance, if the Ro of chlamydia in a population is 2, it means that each new cases of chlamydia would produce 2 new secondary cases. The equation of Ro = βcD means that Ro is affected by three factors, which are the transmissibility or probability of infection being transmitted per sexual partnership (β), rate of acquiring partners (c), and duration of infection (D) (Adler, 2004; Thomas & Tucker, 1996).
The onset of symptoms is usually slow in spinal TB and then progression to disease is a very long process, but an acute onset has also been reported. The duration of diagnosis ranges from 2 weeks to several years. Earlier the average time taken to diagnose the disease was at least 12 months, but more recent publications report a symptom duration of 2–7 months. Back pain is usually present (83–100 %), but only one-third of patients have fever or constitutional symptoms. These manifestations are more frequent in patients with associated extraspinal TB and those with disseminated
Malicious Disease’s hinder individuals potential for greatness. Heart Disease occurs when the blood vessels that transfer blood to your heart narrow. Although heart disease is a non-communicable disease, The World Health Organization states that it annihilates over 7.5 million people a year. For this reason, heart disease is the number one killer of men and women. This antagonistic threat erects from an individuals: lack of health, genetics, obesity, addiction to smoking, and high cholesterol. Although heart disease carries a plethora of potent characteristics, an individual can prevent it with; a healthy diet, exercise, and a cessation of smoking. (Web MD)
However, everybody who has contact with the patient or the environment is entitled to relevant information that will enable them to reduce the risks of transmission to
Infectious diseases that are commonly spread through hand to hand contact include the common cold, and several gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhoea (WaterAid, 2006). Human hands usually harbour microorganisms both as part of a person’snormal microbial flora as well as transient microbes acquired from the environment (Lindberg et al, 2004).