St Vincent De France Chapter 1 Summary

Nursing Shortage in Maryland and How does it Effect Healthcare Renita Scott March 17, 2015 PUAD 751.TW1 Sp15 What is the nursing shortage and why does it exist in Maryland? The History of Nursing The practice of nursing started in the past around the Middle Ages, where women in primitive societies where made to take care of the sick whether they wanted to or not. For example, in Ethiopia among the Zuni tribe, if a baby is born with part of the placenta covering the face, it was taken as a sign that the baby would be marked as one destined to become a caregiver. (Henly & Moss, 2007). In many societies, nurses were mostly untrained women who helped deliver babies or were wet nurses. According to The History of Nursing (2013) “religious figures like nuns had more training and cared for the sick. However, by the 13th through the 16th centuries, religious orders felt as if it was their duty to care for the physical needs of people as well as their spiritual needs and formed sisterhoods to carry out this mission. In 1645, Jeanne Mance, a nurse from France, established the Hotel-Dieu de Montreal in Canada, the first hospital in North America. By the 18th century, the United States was beginning to realize the need for organized nursing services. In 1751, Benjamin Franklin and Dr. Thomas Bond opened Pennsylvania Hospital, the nation 's first hospital. It served the poor and homeless in Philadelphia. When the American Revolutionary War broke

“The Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati is an apostolic Catholic community of women religious that exists to carry out the Gospel of Jesus Christ through service and prayer in the world” (qtd. in “About the Sisters of Charity”). The Sisters are led by their mission statement to be “[u]rged by the love of Christ and in the spirit of [their] founder, Elizabeth Ann Seton, [the] Sisters of Charity of Cincinnati strive to live Gospel values. [They] choose to act justly, to build loving relationships, to share [their] resources with those in need, and to care for all creation” (qtd. in “Mission Statement”). Through this mission, they dedicate themselves to “the education of children, care of orphans, the poor and the sick” (qtd. in “Sisters of Charity Cincinnati”). These values are exemplified in numerous ways but specifically have been shown with the creation of educational institutions, orphanages, and their selflessness during the civil war.

Before the existence of the Great War, America had fought in previous wars. In the years before the Great War nursing was not even a word for the women who had helped with the aid of fallen soldiers. Florence Nightingale, who helped in establishing nursing as a career used her efforts in organizing an emergency nursing service (Dahlman 2). Nightingale started off at first with forty women, some of whom were Sisters of Religious Nursing Orders and others hospital-taught women of the old school, not trained in the modern way, but experienced (Dahlman 3). Florence Nightingale founded the Nightingale Training School for Nurses at St. Thomas’ Hospital which was the parent of the modern system of nursing. From her, therefore, we may well date the story of nursing service of the American Red Cross (Dahlman 4).

The women described in the Lais of Marie de France often commit traditionally sinful deeds, such as adultery, murder, and betrayal. However, with a few exceptions, the protagonists often end up living happily with their beloved for the rest of their lives. The Lais advocate for situational judgement rather than general condemnation of specific acts, which can be seen through Marie de France’s treatment of sinful heroines.

On a small peninsula, 70 miles southwest of New Orleans, there is a single stretch of road that leads into a fascinating place called Isle de Jean Charles. This is a place where living off the land is a way of life that is quickly becoming impossible to accomplish. The

I read the chapter “The Newcomers”, the book first starts off by stating how France started sending explorers to find new lands. When Francis I, (The king of France) sent Jacque Cartier, his job was to find a shipping route and precious gems and metals.

However, when Napoleon Bonaparte attempted to reinstate slavery at the beginning of the 19th century, there was much objection specifically by Toussaint (de Breda) Louverture. Toussaint created a new constitution for Saint-Dominque without slavery and placed administrators in charge over the islands government, commerce, and legislation (Dubois/Garrigus,169). Napoleaon sent troops to Saint-Dominque, arrested Toussaint and deported him to France; however, this only furthered intensified the fighting. After much strife, Napoleon eventually gave up and the Haitian Declaration of Independence was created on January 1, 1804 and later a constitution in 1805 (Dubois/Garrigus,188).

In Natalie Zimmon Davis' reconstruction of the famous case of identity theft in sixteenth-century France, after Martin Guerre's eight-year absence, Arnaud du Tilh arrives in the small village of Artigat in Southern France to claim the life of Martin Guerre. For three years Arnaud, also known as Pansette, is accepted

Marie de France begins her story by describing Bisclavret, her main character, as well as defining what a werewolf is: “a ferocious beast which, when possessed by this madness, devours men, causes great damage and dwells in vast forests” (de France, 68). She wants to relate the two by allowing the reader to decide what she means by the descriptions and why she would correlate them. De France does a little play and twists the monsters throughout her story. Being a werewolf, Bisclavret may start out as a monster without; and, at first, his wife seems to be so beautiful and innocent, but there lied a monster within her. Later in the story, Bisclavret is no more than a human being, and his wife’s monstrousness shows from within and she transforms into a monster without. The themes gathered from this story are the relationship between love and suffering, justice, and the wife who may be at first likable, but then changes the way that “monsters” are viewed. In order to modify the stereotypes of what a monster is, de France made Bisclavret, a werewolf, the “good guy,” and his beautiful wife, an unforeseen “bad guy.” The wife in the story Bisclavret portrays a trustworthy, loving wife, until she reacts quite differently to him being honest with whom he really is. Her character is the very thing, which makes the reader reconsider the definition of a monster and the truth about monsters within.

They arrived in Sydney in 1838 and taught in local schools, and established St Vincent’s hospital. Over the next century, the Sisters of Charity established and maintained schools over Australia. In 1846, the Sisters of Mercy arrived in Perth, immediately establishing a primary school, as well as the first secondary school for girls in the whole of Australia. Over the next century, more women’s religious orders established schools. In 1855, the Sisters of St Joseph of the Apparition arrived in Fremantle, and a group of the Sisters of the Good Shepherd arrived in Melbourne in 1863; 1866 the first Presentation Sisters arrived in Tasmania, and the sisters of Loretta established themselves in Ballarat in 1855. Shortly after, the Society of the Sacred Heart arrived in Sydney in 1882. Soon enough, these orders spread around Australia. As these religious orders spread around Australia, they established parish schools across the nation, thus, providing a Catholic education to many, leading to the spread of Catholicism in

Joan of Arc is credited with leading the French army to victory over England during the 100 years war, which actually lasted around 116 years. She believed she was a messenger of god and was born to bring an end to the war. With permission from the king, Joan of Arc, lacking military and tactical training, led the french army against the English in the city of Orléans. Joan met a tragic end when she was captured by the Anglo-Burgundian and tried as a witch. She was called guilty as a witch and a heretic which led to her untimely demise being burned at the stake at age 19.

Growing up in suburbia, I struggled to find my place as a first-generation American. I did not appreciate being called “African-American” because it is an inaccurate way of describing my heritage, but I felt pushy and pretentious if I told people to call me Caribbean-American. My dad’s family still lives in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and we visit them every few years, so I had to confront these issues during my family’s last trip to St. Vincent.

Development of Nursing as a Profession The earliest nurses never attended nursing school; they were often nuns or other women who provided care for the sick, poor, or homeless without family support (The history of Nursing, 2017). During the 18th and 19th centuries, the nursing profession expanded to include care of soldiers during many prominent wars (The History of Nursing, 2017). Florence Nightingale was a nurse during the Crimean War. The conditions she found soldiers in were deplorable. At this time she found that keeping these soldiers clean would lead to healing. She also began tending to them at all hours of the day. Upon her return to England, she wrote a report on her findings that helped reform health care. Years later, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses. After this several nursing schools began in the United States and were all founded on Nightingale’s ideas. The Civil War gave enormous impetus to the building of hospitals and to the development of nursing as a credentialed profession (Weathorford, 2010). One of the pioneers during this time was Clara Barton. By serving during the war she understood the need for clothing, food and shelter. She developed The Red Cross to be a program to aid those affected by

A A big inspiration behind films and their plot tends to be history. Medievalism tends to inspire some Hollywood film makers in producing films inspired and/or based on the medieval era. Three films that that took inspiration from the medieval era are Joan of Arc, Return of Martin Guerre, and The Seventh Seal- these three films not only use Medievalism inspirations, although the setting of the film, also take place during that era. Represented in these three films are themes of the medieval in opposition to the modern, the medieval parallel to the present, and the use of the medieval to explain history.

Point: Lourdes Hill College is an independent, all girls’ school founded in 1916 by the Sisters of the Good Samaritan. As the school reaches its 100th year anniversary, the faith of the community and school still lives on and has shaped who we are as individual Lourdanians. Evidence: The Sisters of