Star And The Neutron Stars

After a time, the hydrogen runs out almost completely, and it collapses. New reactions begin to take place in the core and these reactions cause the star to expand rapidly. As the stars begin to deplete their new fuel, they switch to others. New elements are formed in the cores of stars but they become too heavy. The star has reached its end growth. When it reaches the end, a tremendous amount of energy is released and it begins to shed its outer layers, the gravity is too weak hold onto them anymore. Once the layers are removed, in the stars place is a fiery core called a planetary nebula. Eventually, the core runs out of fuel and it collapses. This star is now in a very dense state, and is called a white dwarf. Eventually, the white dwarf cools until it no longer shines. This dead star is called a brown dwarf.More massive stars, however, have more violent ways of dying. Some stars turn it into a supergiant. Supergiant stars are extremely bright, and are extremely large. Supergiant stars cores, can collapse violently and suddenly. This collapse causes a tremendous explosion, called a

After its core hydrogen is depleted, a red main sequence star will go supernova after its red giant phase.

Cooler stars emit heat in the infrared area of the electromagnetic spectrum, and thus, they appear to be red. It should also be noted that hot stars radiate energy at the ultraviolet and blue areas, making them appear white or blue. The surface temperature of a celestial object can be determined by using the relationship between the wavelength of the light and the temperature of the blackbody and in the case of an increase in temperature, the tip of the spectrum becomes shorter in

They are very luminous stars that have a relatively cool surface temperature compared to the stars in the main sequence that have about the same luminosity. Red giants typically have low to intermediate mass than a regular star, even though they are about 1000 times larger in the red giant phase of stellar evolution. Red supergiants are known as the biggest stars by radius. The biggest red supergiant is mentioned as VY Canis Majoris. This star is about 1800 times bigger than our sun. Although there are plenty of red giants in space, none of them are that close to us. The closest red giant is Gamma Crucis (88 light years away).3

the red supergiant Betelgeuse which lies on Orion's shoulder. The star Betelgeuse, is a red

seen day and night in the sky. It is now known as the crab nebula, and is a breeding ground for smaller stars. Another way for a supernova to be created, is when a white dwarf siphons off hydrogen from another star to the point where it will become unstable and explode.

The Pacman Nebula is an H II region or a large gas cloud where a star has recently formed.

After approximately 10 billion years after the star is considered to be a main sequence star, the hydrogen at the center of the core is depleted. This causes the nuclear fusion which had been previously fueling the star to die out. Helium replaces the hydrogen in the core, and the inner core begins to shrink due to gravity. This process speeds up once all the hydrogen is completely used up. The radius of the star has increased

During the condensing of the star’s core, the neutrinos are able to escape, but the neutrons are squished together so much that their density is the same of an atomic nucleus’ density. A violent explosion happens during this process and its called a “supernova”. To put this into perspective, imagine taking something the size of our sun, if not bigger, and compacting it into an area the size of a city. This is so dense that just a teaspoon of it would weigh about 1 billion tons! Crazy, right?

One day the universe will turn dark forever as the last star fizzles out and that star will most likely be a red dwarf. When a red dwarf star forms it possesses important properties that give it the potential to host rocky planets similar to Earth. Therefore the creation and resulting properties of red dwarfs form stars that can provide energy to planets which may one day be hospitable to life forms. First the process of formation of red dwarfs will be explained. Then, the properties of these stars will be examined. Finally, the importance of red dwarf stars’ existence will be considered.

By running out of fuel the star is no longer able to oppose gravity and keep itself stable so it collapses on itself until it reaches a singularity. Once it becomes a black hole it can have a mass ranging from just a few times the mass of our sun to over a billion times. The gravity of a black hole varies with its size however the center of a black hole is considered a singularity due to its ability to have an enormous amount of mass in an infinitely small space. A black hole is seen as black due to its escape velocity being greater than the speed of light, because it is faster than light no light can escape therefore there is none for us to view making it appear black. An objects escape velocity is the speed required for an object to leave an objects field of

Neutron stars are “an incredibly object made of neutron’s, like a giant atomic nucleus.” In the year 1934 two astronomers at CIT made predictions that a collapse of a large star or sun would produce a neutron star. When a star 's mass exceeds roughly 1.4M and has a iron core. It is no longer able to support itself, the core collapse from exponential forces. This is referred to as a type ii supernova or a core-collapse supernova. These newly discovered neutron stars had notable characteristics. A smaller radius of around six miles and masses that were on average between “one and several times the sun”. Neutron stars also had capacity for how large their masses could be, at max it could be two to three solar masses. Although these neutron

Red giants are stars which are cooler, but more luminous than stars on the main trend — these are thought to be either dead stars or protostars.

Indecent bodies like the sun. Stars are made up of big exploding balls of gas, mostly hydrogen and helium. The sun is similarly a star made up of huge amounts of hydrogen, undergoing a continuous nuclear reaction like a hydrogen bomb. Stars come about when vast clouds of hydrogen, helium and dust contract and collapse due to gravity. The clouds came from astronomical plasma from “The Big Bang”, but the dust comes from the supernovae of other stars.

Most stars are born within the arms of a spiral galaxy where there is more gas and dust. Sometimes, numerous stars can form within the same molecular cloud, and we have what is identified as a star cluster. There are two types of clusters; Open cluster, which have a tendency to contain a few hundred fairly young, hot stars, that quite spaced out, and globular clusters, that also have about thousands of much older stars, more densely crowded together.