Static Stretching

for a number of tests, including flexibility and power and strength tests, a full warm-up should be conducted to reduce the possibility of injury

Using electrodes on the bicep to record the motor unit recruitment during all four conditions: control, stretching, cardio, and aerobic stretching. As shown in figure 5, the control group and the stretching are similar in the amount of EMG amplitude (mV). However, when comparing stretching with both cardio and aerobic stretching there is an increase as the intensity of the warm-up. Moreover, aerobic stretching has the highest EMG amplitude, which shows that there is motor unit cycling. Motor cycling provides a more efficient performance on the bicep because more of the muscle is being used (Widmaier, et al.,

Hamstring Strains (HS) are identified by acute pain in the thigh with disruption of the muscle fibres, with 47% of all HS studies stating that the BF muscle is affected (3). This can be explained because the BF muscle tendon and muscle fibres are where the most common distribution of the ground force produced during running (3). Eccentric contraction is explained by a study from Guex (4) stating that between 75-85% of the running cycle the hamstrings are undergoing an active lengthening contraction. Having this amount of eccentric contraction upon the muscles has the potential to cause an overuse injury (4). At 85% of the running cycle, the SM, ST, and BF are stretched by 8.7-12.0% which is beyond their optimum lengths (4).

Bonnechere and all’s purpose of writing this article was to “ [share] a biomechanical analysis of three different sprint start patterns to

Running, it is the simplest of movements: right foot, left foot, right foot, and the simplest of actions: run, relax, and breathe. Many individuals participate in this form of exercise because they enjoy how good it makes them feel, they enjoy feeling the strength of their body while they run, and they enjoy using it as a way of relieving their stress. There are many other factors to take into consideration that effect a persons running such as, the type of footwear they are using, the distance they are running, and the speed of which they are running at. The objective of the main article was to research and compare the differences in stride length, hip, knee and ankle angles in runners when running two different conditions, shod and barefoot, also while running at two

Football and track and field involve repetitive bouts of quick acceleration for short and long periods, sudden changes in direction of maximum force may contribute to the high rate of hamstring strain commonly found amongst these sports. (Ropiak & Bosco, 2012). Regardless of all the aforementioned studies, there is not one exact cause of injury during high speed, kicking sports (Lees, Asai, Andersen, Nunome, & Sterzing,

In the study with trained soccer players, they saw no changed in any strength test for the Hamstring Curl group. At the same time, the Nordic Hamstring group should improvements in the same tests. Nordic Hamstring had increased hamstring torque by 11% and both the maximal isometric hamstring strength where improve at 90, 60, and 30 degrees (Mjolsnes et al). Even in untrained college students another study showed that eccentric strength training was more effect in peak isokinetic eccentric hamstring torque; the muscle contraction needed while sprinting, in comparison to concentric strength training (Kaminski et al.). The goal of all of this is to improve the athlete’s ability to have eccentric hamstring torque and that help reduce the amount of hamstring strains they

In a prospective randomized controlled trial Askling (2014) compared the effectiveness of lengthening exercises program and conventional exercises program on rehabilitation of acute hamstring injury. Forty-six Swedish sprinters and 10 jumpers with hamstring injuries confirmed by MRI were recruited and assigned unsystematically to lengthening exercises protocol (L-protocol) or conventional exercises protocol (C-protocol). The outcome measurements that used in this study were the number of day to return to sport and the rate of re-injury during 12 months. All participants were evaluated for flexibility and strength, using manual assessment, within two days post injury, and Askling H-test was used at the end of he rehabilitation before allowing athletes to return to sport.

Implementing cross training modalities as a form of injury prevention is a common practice among endurance runners. Lower extremity injury rates among runners have been observed at rates between 19.4% and 79.3% annually, specifically categorized as chronic overuse injuries (van Gent, et al., 2007; Hoeberigs, J.H., 1992). Additionally, it is suggested that approximately 60% of chronic injuries can be attributed to increasing training volume too suddenly (Hreljac, 2004). It has been thought that multiple different cross training modalities can be a reasonable low-impact substitute of aerobic exercise (Burns, & Lauder, 2001; Lu, Chien and Chen, 2007; Kilding, Scott, and Mullineax, 2007). Many methods of cross training have been used as a substitute to running, including elliptical exercise (EE), deep water running (DWR), swimming, and stationary cycling (Foster et al., 1995; Lu et al., 2007; Pizza et al., 1995; Sozen, 2010). When coaches and rehabilitation specialists prescribe certain forms of cross training, many factors must be considered when deciding which will be most beneficial. The specificity of training principles suggests that relevant activities should be done in order to gain results in the primary activity. Cross training is an activity that is used to improve the performance of one sport by training in an additional one, contrary to what the specificity principle would imply for preferred practices (Kilding, Scott, & Mullineaux, 2007; Masumoto, Bryon, & Mercer,

When you are a dancer, or any other type of athlete, stretching is the number one most important part of your performance. Before any performance or game, every athlete should dedicate a good amount of time to stretching, and they should be giving their full attention into stretching. The purpose of my investigation is to test how the amount of time an athlete spends stretching effects how low their splits are. This topic is really important to dancers and gymnasts or especially because when you perform its very important to stretch before performing even the most basic tricks, like splits or a heel stretch. Not stretching can lead to soreness, and pulled muscles which in certain cases can keep you from participating for weeks,

Alternatively, stretching has become a lost art for basketball players and their recovery techniques. A lot of coaches do not require any of their players to do a cool down or stretch after practices or competitions. But, it can be said that stretching can help in the recovery process. Delextrat, Hippocrate, Leddington-Wright, and Clarke discovered that (2014), “The main findings of the present study showed that incorporating stretches into a massage routine immediately after an official basketball match resulted in lower perception of leg soreness and better repeated sprint performance compared with a classical sports massage.” (p. 724). Additionally, coaches may not be able to afford sports massages for their athletes, but stretching after competitions and games can greatly help with the recovery of

Stretching and holding a muscle in an elongated position for an extended period is called static stretching, the amount of time of each stretch can vary but is usually between 20-60 seconds. The muscle is typically stretched to its end range based on the patient’s sensory response. This type of stretch can be performed actively or passively and is generally repeated four to five times on each side. Static stretching is effective for increasing flexibility and has a low risk of exceeding the extensibility limits of a joint. Because static stretching involves a slow and controlled movement, the patient maintains control and reduces the risk of soft tissue tearing.

When athletes or bodybuilders stretch they can actually lose most or some of there muscles power making there performance worse. Scientist have even done a experiment on this because they got a group of people from the age of 19-25 and they had one group stretch and the other group did not

The subjects for this study will be selected from a population of collegiate athletes whom have suffered shoulder injuries or suffer from shoulder pain. The reasoning for this is because from personal experience athletes tend to skip or give less attention to properly stretching or warming up as they should which in relation causes a greater chance of shoulder injuries and pain due to lack of strength or flexibility. The goal is to find roughly 20 participants which will be split into groups of athletes that suffer from repetitive motion or collision shoulder injuries or pain. The athletes will consist of contact sports, such as, football and or repetitive motion sports, such as, baseball or golf. The study will consist of what the

The results of this study showed that flexibility and VMO strengthening exercises improved lower extremity power exercise performance. Data shown an athlete with a weight increase as high as 59 lbs in the Squat exercise which also was a 30% increase from their pre- max test. The Hang clean max test, the highest weight increase by an athlete was 33 lbs which was a 32% increase as well. In another study involving stretching and its impact on power exercises (in the following example, the exercise was the vertical jump) it stated that “jumping values after static warm-up were found to be significantly higher than those obtained after jogging” (Atan and Kose, 2015). In the same study, balance even improved after static and dynamic warm-ups than