Essay Stephen Jay Gould Nonmoral Nature

Natural evil is encompassing reality of pain, suffering, death caused by natural forces/natural disasters (Ford 72). God gives humans freedom and doesn't want to manipulate them like robots and even when the freedom is misused, God offers ways to cope with it such as forgiveness, reconciliation, patience and healing (Ford 73). Sadly, this world has too many accidents and natural disasters that are unavoidable, but through despair and hard times God is always there to offer His love. Although humans suffer from sin and death, God does not allowed it to have the last word by offering faith, hope and love (Ford 73). Wherever there is evil, there will be goodness

The society was affected because the farm lands abandoned and the food food prices dropped. There was not as much food needed because the populations had dropped. The people were down sick and they could not work which caused the farm lands to be abandoned and

Human interactions with the environment in the early settlements were somewhat disastrous as the settlers believed that the climates of Europe would parlay to the New World. This was most evidenced in the Jamestown settlement. Many settlers, unaware of the unhealthy James River estuary during summer months, fell ill and/or died as a result of disease normally associated with drinking from a polluted water source. The settlers believed in settled farming, basically clearing the land and farming (planting crops and raising animals). Along with the problem estuary of the James this had a profound impact on the land they inhabited, some good and some bad. Animals such as the horse, sheep, cattle and pigs, to name a few, were introduced to the new world which impacted the environment. Most were grazing animals, meaning that they would feed on the plant life (mostly grasses and weeds). These animals would clear lands forcing herders to move to more fertile ground constantly. The good of this was that the animals would introduce accidentally new plant life (grasses typically) that sometimes would kill, or even move,

With regard to the ubiquitous prevalence of pain, suffering, and death in the course of evolution, Pecocke sees both positive and negative aspects of natural evil. The increase in complexity that led to the emergence of consciousness was actually the consequence of the competition among species for better survival in natural selection. In that vein, the increase of entropy contributed the diversification of living organisms in the interplay of chance and law.

The biological old regime occurred between the 15th and 18th centuries. During this time, everything was completed by hand. Growing food and making clothes could not be processed with a machine. Available sources depended highly on the climate. For example, climate determined how many people could be supported by agriculture. A shift in society occurred during the 19th century. This marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Although things became easier, it also negatively affected the ecosystem. The top important environmental consequences resulting from the Industrial Revolution are an increase in population, pollution, and global warming.

b. Environment change and global warming caused the human population to experience a rapid growth. As more gatherers and hunters occupied the earth, more animals were being hunted. As a result of this, many megafaunal animals became extinct so the gatherers and hunters had to adjust their food supply. From the need of food came the discovery of agriculture. For the Iroquois, they built their villages around maize fields. The women would tend the crops and overlook the community, while the men would hunt.

The dire consequences that resulted from the fall had a very widespread impact for the human nature in ways the would last. The first widespread affect which the human nature was that sin became a part of the of the human nature due to the fact that they disobeyed God. This was a radical consequence as humans originally were made in the image of God and were free from sin until their disobedience resulted in their nature. The second consequence that was very radical was that death entered into the world as a result of their disobedience. This not only impacted Adam and Eve but also other humans since the legacy of death carried on to others such as their own children when Cain killed Abel. So ultimately, the fall mentioned within Genesis had very widespread implications for the nature of humans (Diffey, 2015).

Friedrich Nietzsche, a prominent German philosopher in the 19th century is one of the most well-read philosophers of the past two-centuries. His ideas regarding morality and nature continue to be discussed and debated to this day among scholars of all beliefs.

In many religions, God is considered to be omnipotent, powerful and benevolent. However, this creates a logical fallacy, if God is benevolent, why would He create evil in the world? This implies that He can not control evil, which further implies He is not all powerful or that He is not as benevolent as people think. Annie Dillard and Elie Wiesel talk about the nature of God and evil in their books Pilgrim at Tinker Creek and Night. Annie Dillard describes evil found in nature, while Elie Wiesel explains his first-hand experience with evil during the Holocaust. Although Wiesel and Dillard both have similar questions about Gods morality, they both have different ideas about evil in nature and its impacts on the surroundings. However,

An argument against the existence of God is based on the presence of evil in the world. This deductively valid argument is divided into two categories; human action and natural evil (Sober, 2005, p. 120). Human action discusses how experiences makes us better people, while natural evil are tragic events that are not under the control of humans. Each category is used as evidence to refute God as an all-powerful omniscient, omnibenevolent, or omnipotent being. In order to understand the strengths of this argument, it is important for an overall assessment of how the presence of evil questions if a Supreme Being actually exists, by arguing why a being of all-good would allow evil, importance of evil in a good world, and questioning God’s intervention in evil.

The focus of this paper will be R. G. Frey’s passage in “Moral Standing, the Value of Lives, and Speciesism”. The intended objection of the focus will be two moral theories, Kantianism and Act Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarianism being the rebuttal of the Kantianism view on the moral issue at hand.

Michael H., a 68-year-old man, was admitted for exploratory surgery of his abdomen. He is frail, and his attending physician describes him as “emotionally labile.” Marcy R. is a social worker at BFL General Hospital, who is assigned to the unit that Michael H has been admitted. After Michael’s surgery, Marcy R. was approached by Michael H.’s daughter, Ellen B. in which Ellen has told Marcy that her father’s physician had just informed her that the lab report from the exploratory surgery shows that her father has terminal cancer. Ellen said that she and the family are in shock and they have decided that they not want the hospital staff to tell her father about the terminal nature of his cancer once he recovers from anesthesia. In this essay, I will discuss the ethical dilemma of “to tell Michael or not to tell him he has terminal cancer. He has the right to confidentiality by not withholding information from him when he has been diagnosed with terminal cancer, informed consent, and self-determination.

Have you ever asked yourself where your conscience comes from? The feeling that takes a hold of you when you do what you feel is wrong. This feeling is almost like a consequence when you tell a lie or commit a crime. Your conscience helps you sort out the good and bad and feels your mind with sorrow when you see a sad story on the news or gives you the initiative to donate money to a contribution. But where does it come from. Is it something you are naturally born with, taught over time or given to you by a higher power? This argument leads to the existence of moral values by many philosophers including William Lane Craig. One of his excerpts argues that if there is an existence of moral values, which some people agree,

The problem of evil is as ancient as humanity itself. Since the dawn of man, thinkers, philosophers, religionists and practically every human being who have suffered at the hands of evil have pondered this enigma, either as a logical-intellectual-philosophical or emotional-religious-existential problem. The preponderance of evil as a reality in human existence, and

When we first started learning about Aristotles’ theory, I did not understand the importance. Aristotle wrote, Nicomachean Ethics many years ago. It did not seem like any of it would pertain to my life. After reading into his theory, I found it to be quite interesting. It was a lot more relatable than I originally thought. When we know what we are looking for, we can find aspects of his theory everywhere.