Stomach Essay

One gland which has an important role in the endocrine system is the pancreas which is an organ in the upper abdomen. The pancreas has two main functions the pancreas excretes enzymes to break down proteins, lipids and carbohydrates and nucleic acids in food therefore functions as an exocrine gland. The hormone insulin and glucagon are produced in this organ and serve as an endocrine gland .The function of these hormones being created are controlling blood sugar levels.

The pancreas, located behind the stomach, is a long, thin organ about the length of the hand. It

1. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum between the lesser curvature of the stomach and liver.

The pancreas is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes into the duodenum. These enzymes then break down protein, fats and carbohydrates. The pancreas is also responsible for making insulin and secreting it directly into the bloodstream. The livers main function within the digestive system is to process the nutrients which are absorbed from the small intestine. Bile is secreted

1. Describe the anatomic location of the pancreas relative to the other organs in the upper portion of the abdominal cavity. - The pancreas is about 6 inches long and sits across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach and liver, leveled with the top of the small intestine and it also borders the liver, spleen and kidneys. The head of the pancreas is on the right side of the abdomen and is connected to the duodenum (the first section of the small intestine) through a small tube called the pancreatic duct. The narrow end of the pancreas, called the tail, extends to the left side of the body.

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The relationship between the structure and function of the Outer Wall Intestine cells is, in the structure, the fibers are short and not striated, while since the cells are “smooth cells” this allows the function of the cells to be involuntary and is composed in the lining of the organ. The contractions of the cells allow the organ to keep blood, fluids, and necessary nutrients to flow throughout the organ.

The stomach is an organ that is part of the digestive system. The stomach is located in the upper left part of the abdominal cavity, below the diaphragm and next to the liver (Stomach, 2013). The inner walls of the stomach contain small pores called gastric pits. The gastric pits contain cells that secrete chemicals that aid in the digestion of food (Nguyen, 2015). In this essay, I will discuss the different cell types of the stomach, how they work together to provide the overall function of the stomach, why each organ requires different cell types, why the stomach can’t be comprised of just one cell type, and the advantage of having different types of cells.

Now in the duodenum, accessory organs add their secretions to the chyme. First is the pancreas. It adds pancreatic juice to the chyme, which contains many enzymes that digest carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, and proteins. Pancreatic amylase begins to split the last of the fifteen grams of carbohydrates into double sugars. The pancreatic lipase breaks down the ten grams of fat into fatty acids and glycerol. There are three other protein-splitting enzymes called trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.

The process of digestion first begins in the mouth by in taking food (bolus). The teeth help with masticating (chewing and breaking food particles down) allowing for swallowing and increasing surface area for chemical digestion. Enzymes found in saliva also facilitates with the chemical break down of food primarily starches and fats. The food swallowed then enters into the esophagus (a tube connecting the mouth and stomach). Peristalsis helps the esophagus to push the food in the direction of the stomach. The stomach contents are highly acidic (doesn’t affect the stomach mucosa since cells secrete mucus allowing the stomach wall to be protected) with pH levels between 1.5-2.5 allowing microorganisms to be killed, breaking down of food, and activating digestive enzymes producing a thick substance known as chyme. However, breaking down of foods further occurs in the small intestine consisting of: bile created from the liver, enzymes formed from the small intestine, and the pancreas facilitate with further digestion as well as HCI denatures (unfolds proteins) allowing them to be available to attack by digestive enzymes (also responsible in breaking down the protein). The pyloric sphincter separates the stomach from the small intestine allowing the chime to drop into the small intestine. The small intestine is the primary site for

Pancreatic zymogens are the inactive form of enzymes that contributes a fundamental role in the digestive process (14). The release of these enzymes are essential in the overall regulation of the acinar cells. The pancreatic acinar cells focuses on the storage and synthesis of complicated digestive enzymes. It also has the ability to regulate secretion before allowing any enzymes to reach the duodenum of the small intestine. The exocrine pancreas involves several crucial components that each carries out important responsibilities. One being the exoneration of granules from within the pancreatic duct system that eventually merges into the small intestines (15). Pancreatic zymogens are usually stimulated after reaching the duodenum. From there another form of enzyme called trypsin activates neighboring active

The digestive system is very important in digesting food and breaking it down so it can be digested easily. The digestive system turns food into energy. Throughout the process there are nutrients which are absorbed. There are many things that contributed to the digestive system such as the mouth which produces saliva which helps to break down food and nutrients such as carbohydrates with the help of an enzyme called amylase. The major food groups which are called macro nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins and fats. All of these nutrients play an important role in the body. There are also many micro-nutrients which include vitamins and minerals which provide the body with health and well-being. The digestive system is made up of the mouth, which includes the teeth (the teeth are used to cut and grind food into smaller pieces, they contain blood vessels and nerves), tongue (the tongue is a muscle that has a rough surface including the taste buds), salvia glands (they produce salvia which moistens the food to make is easier to digest), the pharynx (this helps the food travel to the stomach, the pharynx also plays an important role in the respiratory system. It also contains 2 different flaps to separate the 2 functions), esophagus (this connects the pharynx to the stomach and transports chewed food to the stomach), stomach (this is a muscle that is

The stomach is an expandable muscular sac that is capable of holding 2-4 liters of food and liquids and breaks them down with the use of pepsinogen, an inactive form pepsin, a protein-digesting enzyme. If the stomach was damaged or dysfunctional, then it would be harder to gradually release food into the small intestine at a rate suitable for proper digestion and absorption and to digest the food because it is not as small or digested because the stomach also assists in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of the food as well as the killing of harmful bacteria due to the high acidic environment due to the hydrochloric acid. (Audesirk, T., & Audesirk, G. (1999). Retrieved November 21, 2015 from Chapter 29: Nutrition and Digestion. In Biology:

The Liver the largest and heaviest organ makes bile then stores it in the gallbladder. Which stores the bile then squirts it into the small intestine to break down fatty foods if needed. Banana squeezes through the Duendom the beginning part of the small intestine connecting the small intestine to the stomach. The small intestine is a 600cm long tube, and does the most absorption in the whole digestive system through little finger like sponges called villi. Villi have capillaries located through them that absorb nutrients then leak the nutrients into the bloodstream. The nutrients are leaked into the bloodstream because cells need nutrients to be able to do their jobs for the body. Nutrients and

The pancreas is a digestive organ that lies below the stomach, it is mostly made up of exocrine and endocrine tissues. The exocrine parts form sacs known as Acini, which connect to ducts with empty into the first part of the intestine (The duodenum). Smaller parts of the exocrine glands are dispersed all throughout the pancreas which are known as islets of Langerhans (Anon, Unknown).