Stomata In Leaves

3. Analyze: What do you notice about the density of the Styrofoam pieces? The density remains the same.

The leaves of a plant are the main photosynthetic organs and are involved in gas exchange and water transportation throughout a plant (Evans et al, 17). A leaf typically consists of an upper and lower epidermis, the mesophyll cells, veins, guard cells and stomata. The mesophyll cells contains spongey cells which have large gaps between each cell to allow oxygen and carbon dioxide circulation. The mesophyll cells contain palisade cells, which are located beneath the upper epidermis. The palisade cells contain many chloroplasts, which are green organelles. Located in the internal layers of chloroplasts is the pigment chlorophyll which is involved in trapping the light energy in photosynthesis (Evans et al, 17).

Plants that are adapted to drier climates are called xerophytes (an example if these types of plants are cactus). Some of these plants have adapted small, thick leaves with a reduced surface area. They may also have a thickened cuticle to protect themselves from the environment. The stomata may be sunken into pits. Some xerophytes shed their leaves during the driest seasons and others can store water such as cacti. CAM plants uptake CO2 at night and change it into crassulacean acid that can be broken down during the day for sugars. These plants can close their stomata during the day.

Introduction: Photosynthesis can be defined as a solar powered process that removes atmospheric carbon dioxide and transforms it into oxygen and carbohydrates (Harris-Haller 2014). Photosynthesis can be considered to be the most important biochemical process on Earth because it helps plants to grow its roots, leaves, and fruits, and plants serve as autotrophs which are crucial to the food chain on earth. Several factors determine the process of photosynthesis. Light is one these factors and is the main subject of this experiment. The intensity of light is a property of light that is important for photosynthesis to occur. Brighter light causes more light to touch the surface of the plant which increases the rate of photosynthesis (Speer 1997). This is why there is a tendency of higher rates of photosynthesis in climates with a lot of sunlight than areas that primarily do not get as much sunlight. Light wavelength is also a property of

Transpiration is said to be the loss of water vapor through the stomata of the leaves in a plant. Transpiration essentially serves to move water and other nutrients throughout a plant, to cool down plants and humans and to maintain turgor pressure in the cells of plants (sdhydroponics). The transpiration rate in a plant is affected by the wind, light and humidity. temperature and water. The wind serves to determine how dry the air is when transpiration occurs. Light can at times speed up the rate of transpiration in plants. Transpiration tends to occur faster in the light rather than when in the dark. Humidity serves to determine the rate of the diffusion of water in the plant. As

What is the relationship between an increase in light intensity and photosynthetic rate in tomato leaves?

An experiment by Matos tested the phenotypic plasticity to light availability in shade and sun leaves of coffee trees (Matos et al., 2009). Their research indicated that "compared [to] sun leaves, shade leaves had a lower stomatal density, a thinner palisade mesophyll, a

This lab deals with the transpiration rates in plants, specifically a tomato plant that was used for this experiment. Transpiration is when water leaves a plant through the stomata as water vapor while the stomata is capturing CO2 for photosynthesis. This experiment used three different scenarios: a tomato plant with a light shining on it, a tomato plant with wind blowing on it from a fan, and lastly a tomato plant with nothing acting on it. The hypothesis is that the rate of transpiration will be fastest with light, faster with wind, and slow with the control. This hypothesis was rejected because the rate of transpiration is as follows with the wind having the fastest rate: with light the rate was 7.60 mm/min, with wind 10.20 mm/min, and control 4.33 mm/min. The cause of the wind having a faster transpiration rate than the light may have been due to the surface area of the leaves on the tomato plants. The surface area of the leaves for the wind experiment is 8,124mm2, and for the light is 7,740mm2.By doing this transpiration experiment it helps one to see what happens in plants daily and understand why it happens.

day. A C4 plant will close their stomata during the hottest part of the day to save water.

Photosynthesis is a the process in which plants and other organisms to turn light into energy. To see if this is true I will test to see if spinach leaves discs can be effected by photosynthesis. I predicted that more disc would float in the light than in the dark. After writing down my hypothesis, I started the procedure. I cut up the spinach leaves into the disc and put cold water in the three petri dishes so the leaves would float in the water.

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Water- Water is required in the photosynthetic reaction. When plants lack water, their stomata close to prevent further water loss. At the same time, closing the stomata cells doesn't allow CO2 to diffuse into the leaf. Water is also therefore, linked to the carbon dioxide factor.

Research question: will there be more stomata in a leaf in the sun or a leaf in the shade?

Our lab investigated the morphological characteristics of leaves found in the sun and shade on various species of maple and oak trees around campus. Our null hypothesis was Acer and Quercus acclimate similarly with regards to SLW (specific leaf weight), size, and sinuosity. Our hypothesis was Quercus acclimation is greater than Acer SLW, size, and sinuosity. We tested these hypotheses by picking small sections of a branches from both maple and oak trees. A group was assigned either a maple or an oak tree, and needed a total of three different trees per group. Once three different trees were chosen, groups needed three shade leaves and three sun leaves of off each different tree. In total, each group should then end up with 18 leaves for testing. After collecting the leaves, we ran them through the LiCor 3100 leaf area meter to identify the area of each leaf. Major results found by the classes’ mutual data was each one of our p-values were greater than .05. This means that we failed to reject the null hypothesis. Thus, the lab results do not support our hypothesis that Quercus acclimation is greater than Acer SLW, size, and sinuosity.

Leaves of different species were weighed in mg and recorded, then placed into a mesh bag in three separate areas of bag, separated by plastic string weaved through mesh. Rock was placed into middle segment to weigh bag down over the three areas.