1. Social loafing – when an individual in a team does not exert the expected amount of effort and instead relies on the work of other team members.
2. Cross-functional teams – teams whose members are drawn from multiple functional areas in the firms such as R&D, marketing, manufacturing, distribution etc.
3. Homophily – the tendency of individuals to like other people whom they perceive as being similar to themselves.
4. Virtual teams – teams in which members can be a great distance away from each other, but are still able to cooperate and collaborate intensively via advanced information technologies such as groupware, video conferencing and e-mail or Internet chat programs.
Source of Definitions: Strategic Management of Technological
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Functional Teams
They remain in their functional team and meet periodically to discuss project. These are suitable for derivative projects that mainly affect only a single function of the firm.
b. Lightweight Teams
Like functional teams, lightweight teams are temporary but have dedicated liaison personal for communication and coordination among functions. These are suitable for derivative projects where high level of coordination and communication is required.
c. Heavyweight Teams
The members are removed from the functional team and are collocated with the project manager and are committed to the project. This structure offers a significant improvement in communication and coordination in teams and is suitable for platform projects.
d. Autonomous teams
The members are removed from their functional teams and dedicated full-time to the development team. These are permitted to create own policies, process and reward system. This structure is best for breakthrough projects and a few major platform projects.
3. The Management of New Product Development Teams
a. Team Leadership
A leader should be responsible for directing the team in the right direction towards the goal, serve as a communicator between team and senior management.
b. Team Administration
The teams use “Project Charter” which encapsulates the project’s mission and articulates exact and measurable goals of the project. It may also have details like who are the
As each new project is started, a new team leader may be assigned. The reason for this is with each new project the area of expertise needed may change. These teamwork groups are helpful to the manager. By delegating the responsibility of a project to the designated group, it lessen
However the key focus is on the task, rather than developing the team per se. For this reason this model is particularly suited to a non-static team where teams are constructed for specific projects, rather than assigning the project to an existing team.
According to (Gluck, Kaufman, & Walleck, 1980) there are four pertinent phases that guides strategic management, or that can be used to address the issues. The first pertinent phase is the basic financial planning. The article maintains that ensuring an effective strategy management
Teams are when people working together in a group to perform efforts and communicate with each other to combine efforts.
Part of being a manager for a company is managing teams. These teams can be created for many different reasons and can have various goals put upon them. Companies want managers that are capable of constructing teams that can effectively meet goals and set standards. The four types of work teams most commonly found in organizations are: problem-solving, self-managed, cross-functional, and virtual. In completing the simulation for this course, I will use cross-functional work teams as a foundation for my investigation of effective team management.
Project – this organization structure is temporary and is designed to achieve specific results while using teams of specialists from different areas within the company (Chand, n.d.) Once the project is over, the team members may be disbursed back to their original position or be assigned to another project. This style is good to use when there is a unique and unfamiliar to the company, work is not repetitive in nature, and critical in terms of possible gains or loses (Chand, n.d.). The project manager and the functional manager shares the authority over the project team members which could cause a conflict.
1. Meetings-Virtual meetings will be the primary way to handle specific, narrowly focused issues quickly on these types of teams; however, virtual teams that are working on long-term projects will benefit from occasional physical meetings-especially in the early stages of their work (Bock, 2003)
The team is assembled and the task is allocated. Team members behave independently, with anxieties about inclusion and exclusion. Their time is spent planning, collecting information and bonding, with an apparent willingness to conform. This can happen whenever new circumstances occur within a group, or when new challenges or projects are set within established
During the module we have been put into teams but were also able to select our own teams. The aim was to prepare us for the future as in any job it is important to work well within a team. Also, it gave us the possibility to share ideas and have access to a wider range of knowledge. Furthermore it helped us to learn how to deal with a conflict that may have occurred
18hickham Lee, and Glaser (2013), “The primary role and function of the team is to plan, coordinate, budget and manage all aspects of the new system implementation.” Many roles are involved before, during and after implementation. The project sponsor makes strategic decisions that guide and direct the project. They are fiscally responsible and manage the resources of the project. Project sponsors approve or disapprove decisions made by the project manager, such as adjustments
The creation of a project like that was the clear prove a total different approach of managing a project. This team creation was a typical Heavy project management team in which a clear leader was identified and a dedicated project team was created. This was the right approach; in fact to foster a breakthrough innovation in a company the Heavy Project management approach is the most effective. I allow the project team to avoid the typical problems of a Functional and a Light weight project Management organization, granting a strong leadership a clear goal and minimizing the functional problems. This type of organization granted a real cross- functional integration that helped to reach the decided goals.
A team consists of people of all levels in an organisation whom come together to work on a particular project within their division.
For this project it was decided by the group to use a flat management structure, and to follow a system akin to free development. This method meant that none of the group was the project manager, and instead the thing keeping people on track was their self-motivation to complete the project. To aid with completing the project at the start of the project a list of work was set out from the requirements, and then each member of the group picked the tasks that they could complete for the year. The main reason such a free and unstructured approach was taken was that the group had worked together before using the idea and so it was known to work. The second reason it was used was to allow members of the group to focus on this project when they had time and focus on other university units when needed.
The first thing covered in chapter 6 is the two types of teams: core teams, which are small and focused, and extended teams, which are large and sometimes geographically distributed. I learned that even in large-scale product organizations that most of the work is done within the context of core teams. It came as a shock to me that large-scale organizations do not use extended teams, or larger teams, since they have a lot to work on. I like that large organizations use small teams because small teams continually prioritize and address items on their work list. The author also discusses how cross-functional teams get more done than “divide and conquer” teams because of the collaborative effort they call “thought partnership.” Our team is actually more of a cross-functional team than a “divide and conquer” team. We all share the same goal but each of us come at the
The teams are divided according to functioning of the project who are participating in the project.