COPD: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention Strategies COPD is characterized by chronic inflammation found in the airways lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature (Huether and McCance, 2012). The pathogenesis of COPD is complex and involves many mechanisms. However, the primary process is inflammation (Huether and McCance, 2012). The inflammatory process starts with inhalation of toxic particles and gases. The airways become inflamed, resulting in excess mucus production; Peripheral ways undergo repeated cycles of injury and repair of the airway walls with resultant structural remodeling (Huether and McCance, 2012). The lungs can be inflated quickly but can only partially deflate.
Implementing Diagnosing Strategies for COPD in a Clinical
…show more content…
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) (2011) lists a summary of recommended treatment by each stage. The primary goal of care for the COPD patient are to prevent disease progression, relieve symptoms and improve exercise tolerance and prevent and treat complications, promote patient participation, prevent and treat exacerbations, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality risk (GOLD, 2011). Because these patients are susceptible to respiratory infection, I would routinely send reminders when influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are available for my COPD patients as a preventive …show more content…
She was treated for URI twice within the last two months and still complains of increased drainage. She has a medical history of COPD, and current medications include daily Spiriva and Ventolin as needed. She also states that recently she becomes short of breath more quickly and feels sad that she cannot do many of the activities that she used to do. No recent PFTs were available at the time of appointment. However, judging by her increased symptoms, decreased activity levels, and susceptibility to frequent URIs her COPD seems to be worsening. This patient is likely suffering from COPD
Mr. HS is a 78-year-old retired male, who presented to the emergency room at Northeast Methodist Hospital initially on February 11, 2011, with complaints of shortness of breath and coughing. He was diagnosed as having a COPD Exacerbation and was placed on antibiotic therapy and was released home. He was also advised at that time to complete the entire course of antibiotics and return to his primary treating physician if his condition did not improve.
Millions of people around the world are dealing with epidemic impact on life when living with COPD. Many believe that having COPD stopped them from wanting to fulfill life goals and dreams because of the fear of what they could have may hinder them. Some believe that life isn’t worth planning out and makes it very difficult looking for a future. It has affected the household income for families because of the newly costed health affairs. It affects you wanting to deal with society and even to the point of just staying home is better. It has affected how people view the disease some believing that it is contagious and not wanting
Intervention for COPD is focused on managing underlying conditions. The goal is to improve airway function. Some strategies include using antibiotics to treat infection, diuretics which reduce pressure on the heart and lungs, some bronchodilators to help expanding the airways, as well as corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, and last in severe cases use of mechanical ventilation can be efficient and effective to keep oxygenation in an optimal level
The Nursing and Midwifery council (NMC 2008)states that a nurse should be able to protect and promote the health and well-being of those in their care. This essay will be discussing the health promotion role of a nurse looking after a patient that has Chronic Obstuctive Pulmonary Disease(COPD) .The essay will focus on a 65 year old gentleman Mr Abraham who has been admitted into a general medical ward,with an acute exacerbation of COPD. Mr Abraham is well known to the ward as he is admitted regularly, the ward staff are aware of the fact that he continues to smoke and uses his inhalers incorrectly.
The effectiveness of Family Support Caregiver in improving the Functional Status of Client with Pulmonary Diseases.
The World Health Organization (WHO) (2006A) defines COPD as a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not wholly reversible. The airflow limitation is usually both progressive and associated with abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases. John's chronic bronchitis is defined, clinically, as the presence of a chronic productive cough for 3 months in each of 2 successive years, provided other causes of chronic cough have been ruled out. (Mannino, 2003). The British lung Foundation (BLF) (2005) announces that chronic bronchitis is the inflammation and eventual scarring of the lining of the bronchial tubes which is the explanation for John's dyspnea. The BLF (2005) believe that when the bronchi become inflamed less air is able to flow to and from the lungs and once the bronchial tubes have been irritated over a long period of time, excessive mucus is produced. This increased sputum results from an increase in the size and number of goblet cells (Jeffery, 2001) resulting in John's excessive mucus production. The lining of the bronchial tubes becomes thickened and an irritating cough develops, (Waugh & Grant 2004) which is an additional symptoms that john is experiencing.
Another treatment is and oxygen treatment which gives you extra oxygen and you wear a mask which you can carry with you or go to the doctor. Some have small oxygen where you carry in backpack but you would need to carry with you at all times. Lastly, surgery with is not really used when someone has COPD and only for those whom have a severe COPD and the treatment does not improve with other treatment listed above. Prevention really is to just stop smoking and exposure to
What is cute, the definition may vary from person to person yet at the end of the day a textbook definition is “attractive in a pretty or endearing way”. The word of English origin and holder of a great value in many human vocabularies has now been included in a debate of the ages. Is Jake Fakess truly cute, and if so to what scale? While the masses may have a wavering opinion on this topic it holds grave importance, to prove that Jake is truly cute to my audience that without a doubt and destroy all who disagree.
First step preventing COPD is to know how it affects the body and the path taken; this is called the pathology. In normal, healthy breathing a person breathes in air that is moves through the bronchial tubes to the bronchioles. At the end of the bronchioles there are air sacs called alveoli. The alveoli are elastic air sacs that control the gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to the body (Smoking, 2016). The alveoli consist of elastic tissue so when a person breaths in the the alveoli can expand and when the carbon dioxide is released it can deflate and return to it’s normal size.
An important nursing intervention for a patient with COPD is to improve functional capacity of the lungs with oxygen use (ANA, 2012). An oxygen saturation value of 90% or higher is the optimal goal for the patient (ANT, 2012). Patients should be instructed on how to use oxygen properly and safely,
As of not long ago, the significant objective of COPD treatment was the diminishment of side effects. Nonetheless, with the acknowledgment that intensifications of COPD are extremely normal, have a noteworthy antagonistic effect on personal satisfaction, and may speed sickness movement, rules and clinical consideration are concentrating on decreasing future dangers, for example, the counteractive action and treatment of intensifications (2013, August 23). In created nations the hospitalization of COPD patients, brought on transcendently by intensifications, represents over half of direct human services
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, also known as COPD, is the third leading cause of death in the United States. COPD includes extensive lungs diseases such as emphysema, non-reversible asthma, specific forms of bronchiectasis, and chronic bronchitis. This disease restricts the flow of air in and out of the lungs. Ways in which these limitations may occur include the loss of elasticity in the air sacs and throughout the airways, the destruction of the walls between air sacs, the inflammation or thickening of airway walls, or the overproduction of mucus in airways which can lead to blockage. Throughout this paper I am going to explain the main causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and ways to reduce COPD.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is major leading cause of morbidity and mortality in United States. There are some risk factors for COPD like age and smoking and other illnesses, often leading COPD patients to present with multiple coexisting comorbidities. COPD exacerbations and comorbidities plays a major role in the overall severity in individual’s health. The management and the medical intervention in COPD patients with comorbidities need a holistic approach. All of the health care specialists in COPD management need to work together with professionals specialized in the management of the other chronic diseases in order to provide a multidisciplinary approach to COPD patients with multiple diseases. A patient M. A. 72 years
The positive outcome of the acute treatment of the patient helped me feel more confident in communicating with patients. The patient commented on his appreciation of having the ambulance service available, in his time of need. I told the patient this was my first week on the road, and he said that he was happy with my performance. My paramedic mentor gave me positive feedback on my ability to communicate well with the patient. The treatment package contributed to a good understanding of how the therapeutic respiratory drugs worked and how quickly they became effective. I found out that COPD patients should only permitted to have increased oxygen levels for no longer, than six minutes as stated in (section 27 of B R O’Driscoll, etal
All over the world, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a very significant and prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality, and it is increasing with time (Hurd, 2000; Pauwels, 2000; Petty, 2000). Due to the factor of COPD being an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease, the epidemiology (Pauwels, Rabe, 2004) is about 60 to 85 % with mild or moderate COPD remaining undiagnosed (Miravitlles et al., 2009; Hvidsten et al., 2010).