Stride or No Stride? the Biomechanics of Pitching. Essay

and stability allowing the knee joint to slightly rotate the body before and while releasing the ball and lastly the tarsals,metatarsal and phalanges (comprise the bones of the foot to allow

For Newton's first law of motion which states that "every object remains at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force" is seen in both pitching and hitting. When the game is on going pitchers wait for a signal from the catcher before throwing. While they are waiting they hold the baseball in their glove or hand before throwing. Once they receive the signal they windup their arm and send the ball into motion down to home base. Pitchers uses Newton's first law of motion in order to throw fastballs, sliders, and curve balls. When you are up at bat you wait until the pitcher sets the ball in motion. Once the ball is in motion the hitter sets the bat in motion by swinging at the

“The analysis of movement provides an athlete with optimal development as well as minimising the risk of developing injuries through the incorrect execution of a movement” (Ackland, Elliott & Bloomfield, 2009, p 301).

In this phase the athlete is standing in a neutral position holding the ball. The metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal (great and lesser toes) are held at slight flexion pressed against the ground by an isometric contraction of the flexor halluces longus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor digitorum longus. The ankle is plantar flexed using an isometric contraction of the gastrocnemius and the soleus. The tibiofermoral (knee) joints are slightly flexed by a isomectric contraction of the quadriceps muscles (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius). The acetabularfemoral (hip) joint is held at a postion of slight flexion through an isometric contraction of the biceps femoris, pectineus, iliacus, and the psoas. The intervertebral (lumbar) joint is extended by an isometric contraction using the erector spinae. The atlantooccipital (cervical spine) joint is flexed by an isometric contraction erector spinae. Both scapulothroracic (shoulder girdle) joint is protracted by an isometric contraction of the serratus anterior and pectoralis minor. The glenohumeral (shoulder) joint is at internal rotation by an isometric contraction using the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, and the subscapularius. The humeroulnar (elbow) joint is at 90 degrees of flexion by an isometric contraction using the biceps brachii, brachioradialis, and brachialis. The radiocarpal (wrist left and right)

After having gained all the materials needed and having the proper instruction, you can now begin learning to throw different pitches. However, you must first know what each pitch does, what the pitch is used to do, and how the pitch is most effective for you. The three main pitches are the fastball, change-up, and curveball. To start, the fastball is a pitch that has the most speed out of any other pitch. While the pitch is called a fastball, there are two different types of fastballs: the two-seam and the four-seam. The two-seam fastball is relatively similar to the four-seam, however the two-seam will move into a right handed batter and away from a left handed batter. The fastball is used to get a strike on the batter, set the batter nup for an offspeed pitch, and often, it is used after an offspeed pitch to disrupt the hitter’s timing. Now, the curveball is often the pitch with the lowest velocity. A curveball also has the most movement among all pitches.

UCL reconstruction surgery has been around for a long time and it continues to evolve. Tommy John Surgery was once a likely career-ending injury for pitchers throughout all levels of the game, but now it has become very common and it is a minor setback in one’s baseball endeavor. Fleisig, Laughlin, Aune, and medical doctors explain how biomechanics are not affected when throwing again after surgery ( Fleisig, Laughlin, Aune, et. al., 2015), while Dodson, Thomas, Dines, and

Baseballs are hit into the outfield for base hits and extra base hits on a regular basis and the need for proper mechanics to accurately

There are many muscle groups at play in the smooth, fluid motion of pitching. Muscles in the shoulder, arm, back, and legs are all required to deliver a pitch. Pectoralis major, Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor and Latissimus dorsi are all used to generate arm speed and increase pitch velocity (NCBI). However, the kinematic chain requires more than just these muscles to transfer the velocity to the ball. “Most people think pitching is all in the arm, but having a solid base is crucial to commanding pitches,” says Peyton. “Strength and conditioning for my legs and back are a really important part of my training; it helps me get a good foundation.” Legs and core are essential to generating velocity and maintaining stability throughout the pitching motion.

One of the reasons that pitches are becoming faster and stronger than in years past is that they are starting to learn the game from a young age. When you see a professional pitcher take the mound, there’s a good chance he or she has been playing since they were tiny. Many kids start with t-ball between the ages of three and six, graduating to baseball soon after. That means that kids start building muscle mass, bone strength, and coordination early. Of course, even athletes that start a little later can still have professional careers. Young athletes who start playing in middle or high school join the athletic culture and learn the importance of practicing consistently and training their muscles.

As all baseball fans know, a recent episode of the HBO series Real Sports featured Seattle Mariners pitcher Steve Delabar whose professional baseball career was unexpectedly revived by a revolutionary new pitching training technique he had experimented with only for the purpose and in the context of his high school baseball coaching duties, long after he had resigned himself to the fact that his major league pitching career had been ended prematurely by a major elbow injury caused by the physiological stress of pitching. This was the inspiration for my new sports product invention: the revolutionary Pitching Velocity Training Strap.

The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles, the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and the teres minor. These muscles helps to lift your shoulder up over your head and also rotate it toward and away from your body. Unfortunately, it is also a group of muscles that is frequently injured by tears, tendonitis, impingement, bursitis, and strains. The major muscle that is usually involved is the supraspinatus muscle. Rotator Cuff Injuries are usually broken up into the following categories.

The shoulder is a ball and socket joint which allows it a flexion and extension motion.

is physical). What caused the arm to throw the baseball? The muscles in the arm

Musculoskeletal injury is an all too common occurrence in the work place. In 1991, it was estimated that over 19 million U.S. workers were affected annually by work related injuries. As for these injuries, this paper will serve to briefly examine musculoskeletal injury of the shoulder and how they occur in the work place.

The authors conducted this study to see how and when this ability in humans evolved by studying the mechanics used in throwing. They compared the mechanics of throwing of humans to that of chimpanzees. The authors said that previous studies found that the internal rotator muscles are responsible fort the power of the human throw. The investigators hypothesize that the elastic energy storage is the important source for this power. They also stated that other features of the human shoulder are important in storing this energy and