Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in American and a leading cause of adult disability.

Strokes are caused by a block in the blood supply to the brain which causes a decrease in oxygen and delivery of other important supplies which facilitate proper functioning. Fifteen million cases are reported worldwide annually, although not all of these cases are mortalities, the large prevalence of strokes ranks it as the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. (Figueroa) Because of the time sensitivity associated with the lack of resources to the brain, strokes are considered a medical emergency and early recognition of symptoms can help decrease the amount of damage caused . Although strokes do not always cause death, strokes most often leave the individual with some physical and cognitive impairment.

Clients suffering from stroke have slow speech loss of memory, speechless one side of their body paralysed which cause restriction to their movement.

Stroke is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Each year more than 795,000 Americans suffer from a stroke, which means that every forty seconds someone has stroke (Liebman, 2012). Although a stroke can occur at any age, strokes are frequently seen in the older adult demographics. An increase with age doubles the risk for a stroke each decade after 55 (Grysiewicz, 2008). The percentage of stroke survivors to almost fully recover from a stroke is only 10 percent; in contrast, 40 percent of stroke survivors will face moderate to severe impairment which will entail distinctive care (Perlmutter and Colman, 2005). When all strokes are analyzed according to demography of class system, approximately 60% of strokes occur in low or middle income countries (Silverman and Rymer, 2009).

Stroke, or brain attack, is the number four killer of adults in the world. In the United States, 160,000 deaths occur each year. From 1999 to 2009, the death rate from stroke gradually lowered as improvements to medicine and testing developed. Yet, 800,000 Americans continue to have strokes and survive the event. Worldwide, about 15 million experience stroke with 6 million who die and 5 million who become permanently disabled. (Robinson, Richard & Odle, Teresa G. & Frey, Rebecca J. & Odle, Teresa G. , 2011) The statistics in America are better for surviving a stroke because of rapid response and better interpretation of symptoms. Nevertheless, surviving a stroke often brings on dilapidating effects; which means a change in lifestyle and lifelong rehabilitation through physical therapy.

The left side of the brain is normally tasked with controlling speech and understanding language. So, if a stroke affects the left side of the brain, it is possible for it to affect that person's ability to speak or to understand what is being said. This is part of a condition known as aphasia.

Stroke is considered as second leading reason of death in the world with over zillions of individuals suffering from this. With the increasing hazard of developing this feared disease, particularly in developed nations, scientists and medical investigators are rushing to find a cure for stroke. One of the newest breakthroughs is an investigation being conducted that deals with the use of stem cells.

After a patient has an acute stroke, swallowing abnormalities are a common function depending on the timing of assessment, diagnostic methods, and criteria. If patients aren’t taken care of right away with a diet, nutrition, and hydration have the potential to cause them serious complications. Aspiration is a common problem for patients after a stroke, and it occurs when a patient swallowing food or liquids enters their airway and lungs. After a stroke, a patient could have silent aspiration, which food and liquids enter the airways and lungs without the patients knowing. Reasons, why some stroke patients have difficulty with swallowing are due to weakness or loss of feeling in the tongue, lips, palate and throat. The voluntary of swallowing takes place in the cerebral cortex of the brain, and the “region of the cerebral cortex that command swallowing functioning

Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term adult disability, affecting approximately 795,000 people each year in the U.S. The very word "stroke" indicates that no one is ever prepared for this sudden, often catastrophic event. Stroke survivors and their families can find workable solutions to most difficultsituations by approaching every problem with patience, ingenuity, perseverance and creativity. Early recovery and rehabilitation can improve functions and sometimes remarkable recoveries for someone who suffered a stroke.Rehabilitation starts in the hospital as soon as possible following a stroke. In patients who are stable, rehabilitation may begin within two days after the stroke has occurred, and should be continued as necessary

Stroke or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or brain attack is a disease that occurs when blood flow to part of brain is cut off then nutrients and oxygen can’t nourish to cells in brain which causes brain cells die and lead to many symptom for example, losing muscle control, weak muscle, a paralytic state and slurred speech that is a long term disability so it disturb daily life of stroke patients. Stroke classify in three type which are Ischemic strokes, Hemorrhagic strokes and Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)

What is a stroke and how is it related to the aging brain? A stroke happens when the blood supply to your brain is interrupted or it is reduced, depriving the brain tissues of oxygen and food (Bendheim, P.E. (2009). Within minutes of a stroke brain cells begin to die. Early action can minimize brain damage and potential complications. A stroke can cause temporary or permanent disabilities, depending on how long the brain suffers the lack of blood flow (Perlmutter, David. (2004). Some complications after a stroke are; paralyzation (loss of muscle movement), memory loss, and trouble talking. Paralyzation is due to the lack of blood flow to the brain, a patient can lose movement in one side of the body. Stroke can damage too many parts of the brain, and it can start an early brain aging. A stroke can cause a patient to loss control over the way muscles in the mouth move, have difficult talking and eating (Bendheim, P.E. (2009). But one can try to prevent a stroke by taking care of their high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and smoking.

Physiotherapy is health care profession intent to Asses and treat the patient under plan of treatment aims to restore the level of function, relieve the pain and improve the muscle power. It is treat many different disorders such as, musculoskeletal, neurology, cardiology and pediatric problems. Stroke is one of the neurological disorder occurring when part of the brain damage and not receives adequate blood supply. It leads to weakness or paralysis on one body side. Those affect the movement and the ability to perform the daily activity. The patient after stroke needs rehabilitation program in order to regain his level of function and it should be started instantly after the patient diagnosed. Physiotherapy is one of the important parts in the rehabilitation program designed to increase the movement on the affected side and improve the

Generally, patients experience a reduced ability to perform daily tasks following stroke and must modify their lifestyles accordingly.5 Stroke self-management involves programs to prevent recurrent stroke, strategies to assist in refining the patient’s physical and cognitive ability, increasing social involvement within their community, and altering their domicile environment to improve

If you have ever had a stroke or know someone who has had a stroke, or is at risk of a stroke it is important that you know about stroke treatment and care. After a stroke rehabilitation starts in the hospital with stable patients’ right after it happens. 10% of stroke survivors recover almost completely, 25% recover with minor impairments, 40% experience moderate to severe impairments that require special care, 10% require care in the nursing home or other long-term facility, 15% die shortly after the stroke, and approximately 14% of stroke survivors experience a second stroke in the first year following a stroke. There are many different types of rehabilitation places that you can do your rehab. You can

Stroke accounts for 11.13% of total worldwide mortality which was the second leading global causes of death after heart disease (Mozaffarian et al., 2015).In the context of stroke, The World Health Organization(WHO) defined it as “ rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting 24 hours or longer or leading to death, with no apparent causes other than of vascular origin” (Aho et al., 1980).However, symptoms lasting less than 24 hours can indicate transient ischemic attack; a temporary episode of neurological dysfunction caused by brain ischemia without acute infarction, usually last from 2 to 15 minutes but can last up to a day (“A classification and outline of cerebrovascular diseases.

If I could conduct further research with more depth, I would first decide what treatment method I would utilize in my research. Stroke victims would be my group of interest in this study. From the information I have gathered, stroke is the main cause of Dysphagia. While conducting my secondary research, every scholar I used stated that stroke was a cause of Dysphagia if they did not state that it was the main cause of Dysphagia. Rogus-Pulia & Robbins (2013)