Student Learning : Behavior Perspective And Cognitive Perspective Essay

Behaviourists make the assumption that nearly all behaviours are caused by learned relationships between a Stimulus that excites the senses and a Response, which is the reaction to the Stimulus, for example a child might see a Spider (Stimulus) and be frightened (Response to seeing the Stimulus). In contrast Cognitive Psychologists have criticised the Stimulus, Response theory for not considering the mental processes that occur between the Stimulus and Response, for example going back to the situation of a child seeing a Spider and being frightened, the Cognitive approach would say that to understand why the person who saw the Spider reacted in a frightened manner, we need to understand what the mediating Cognition was, it could be that the child has some memories on a parent or other person seeing a spider and behaving in a frightened way. Behaviourists believe that since very little behaviour in human beings is inherited, the focus is on the role of experience, which is expressed through learning. It is easy to say that our past experiences determine how we behave, but how do we learn?

A.) Explain why it is important to promote appropriate behaviour and respect for others (ref. 2.2) It is important to promote appropriate behaviuor and respect for others in the class to create a safe and comfortable learning environment in which learners feel at ease to express their opinion, participate in classroom discussions and activities and ask questions allowing learners to complete their work to the best of their ability and ultimately achieve their goals. Each learner may have different religious or cultural backgrounds and even different learning needs. Therefore it is important to create a learning atmosphere that promotes the appropriate behavior and respect for others. A good way of achieving this positive learning environment

The teacher must know how to set the tone for the classroom and ensure that it is a productive learning environment. The teacher wants to avoid anything that would provoke them negatively as well as the students. At the same time, they must know what is needed to reinforce good behavior.

The Behaviorist approach limits the content of Psychological study to be only observable behavior. Behaviorists make the assumption that nearly all behaviors are caused by learned relationships between a Stimulus that excites the senses and a Response, which is the reaction to the Stimulus, for example a child might see a Spider (Stimulus) and be frightened (Response to seeing the Stimulus). In contrast Cognitive Psychologists have criticized the Stimulus, Response theory for not considering the mental processes that occur between the Stimulus and Response, for example going back to the situation of a child seeing a Spider and being frightened, the Cognitive approach would say that to understand why the person who saw the Spider reacted in a frightened manner, we need to understand what the mediating Cognition was, it could be that the child has some memories on a parent or other person seeing a spider and behaving in a frightened way. Behaviorists believe that since very little behavior in human beings is inherited, the focus is on the role of experience, which is expressed through learning.

In a developmentally appropriate, well organized environment, children grow and learn. The teacher is responsible for creating a pleasing environment that reflects the needs and interests of the children. The classroom should be designed to promote self-help and independent behavior.

Dimension 3.1, classroom environment, routines, and procedures, the teachers is expected to organize and maintain a “safe, accessible, and efficient classroom” (TEA, 2016, p. 15). Dimension 3.2, managing student behavior, focuses on establishing expectations for behavior. And dimension 3.3, classroom culture, consists of creating a culture of mutual respect in which all learners are engaged (TEA, 2016). The focus of this domain is to ensure an orderly and safe environment for all learners by maintain high

There are many factors that influence the wellbeing of children and young people. Some of these are evident in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.

2.2 Key to promoting appropriate positive behaviour and the respect for others in the teaching environment is for the teacher to establish and agree ground rule. To support the rules the teacher must pro-actively lead by example, challenging inappropriate behaviour when it occurs.

‘’We are moulded by and re-moulded by those who have loved us; and though the love may pass, we are nevertheless their work for good or ill’’ ( Francois Mairlac) 1. Explain the sequence of development that would normally be expected in children and young people from birth to -19 years.Children have certain basic, physical and psychological needs and if these needs are not met then growth psychological developmental will be distorted in many ways. Everyone needs shelter, food, water, warmth and not to mention grooming and hygiene, activities which are laid down in Maslow’s hierarchy of basic need. If they are neglected or unfulfilled then this will have

The learning perspective what is it? This is the study of how exactly a person is effected through what they learn on a daily basis. Through family, their surroundings and behavior. The people who believe this line of thinking are called behaviorists. Many people look at the learning perspective in a suspiciouse manner not believeing or trusting any of the experiments. But there are many contributions and many limitations of the learning perspective.

It is important for a classroom teacher to set behavior goals for his or her students. Behavior goals should be directly related to the classroom management plan. Students should be expected to treat their peers and teachers with respect, show respect for classroom property, are kind and courteous in all speech and actions, work diligently to accomplish assigned tasks, and demonstrate self-respect and honesty. Establishing clear and consistent goals for the operation of the classroom helps to provide an atmosphere that is conducive to learning and lends itself to alleviating opportunities for misbehavior. As a teacher I will work to provide my students with positive goals for appropriate behavior. I will also clearly define the consequences for misbehavior so that students understand fully the repercussions for failing to act in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the classroom management plan.

There are many different kinds of ways that people and animals learn. People can adjust the way they learn to the different situations in which they are learning and what they have to learn. One form of learning is known as conditioning. Conditioning emphasises the relationship between stimuli and responses. The two types of conditioning found are Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. Learning may occur in different ways. Psychologists have distinguished between different types of learning, these being Observational Learning and Insight Learning.

The Behavioral Perspective: This perspective is based on environmental rewards and punishers to encourage or discourage behaviors. This is usually notes through direct observation of the particular act in the specific environment. Social cognitive learning is used to further explain values, expectations, and intentions of the individual. This theory was the main stream behaviorist theory for over 50 years, as it focuses on precision and objectivity. It is thought to have advanced science as a whole and has given psychology some of the most accurate and detailed finding to date.

The concept of personality is extensive and complex, but psychologists have tried to describe the nature of personality using different perspectives. Some of the perspectives are founded on empirical studies while others are based on clinical case studies or theories. Some common aspects of personality include psychodynamic, trait approach, cognitive, genetic, and learning approach. The cognitive approach emphasizes how our behavior is influenced by how we process, mentally represent, and store information. Psychologists who take the cognitive approach suggests that mental processes can help us understand several kinds of social and individual behaviors, from problem solving, to decision making, to intelligence and interpersonal attraction. According to Bernstein, (2011), a cognitive perspective on a person inherently describes meanings that are created by the individual, and these meanings are usually constructed out of cognitions on the environment. Personality psychologists taking a cognitive approach to a person, typically study the processes arising from behaviors and effects.

The Behavioral Learning Theory believes that behavior is learned from either the environment, the people in the individual's life, the media, or society as a whole. This theory contradicts the Biological theory, which states that criminals are "born to be bad" and that criminal behavior is inherited. The behavioral theory looks at the environment as well as society's impact on how an individual acts which might be the reason for criminal behavior. This theory blames the environment as well as the individual by saying it is a learned behavior and that it also was a choice they made. A basic assumption is that behavior is learned and modeled by individuals, groups, the media, and society as a whole.