Study Of The Ethics Committee Of Our University

Non-occupational lifting was also studied as a risk factor for herniated lumbar intervertebral disc (Mundt et al. 1993). For this study, 287 patients with symptoms of herniated lumbar disc were involved and compared with control subjects without back pain taking in consideration the age, sex, source of care and geographic area. Based on their data, they showed that the risk of herniated

The single leading cause of disability worldwide is low back pain (LBP) (Salomon et al., 2013). In the U.S, approximately 80 percent of adults experience back pain sometime in their life, with a total health care expenditure of 90.7 billion in 1998 (Luo, Pietrobon, Sun, Liu, & Hey, 2004). LBP is the second most frequent systematic reason for visits to primary healthcare providers (Hart, Deyo, Cherkin, 1995) and is usually recurrent with exacerbations that tend to increase in severity. The total costs of LBP in the United States exceed $100 billion per year (Katz, 2006).

DOI: 09/13/2006. Patient is a 40-year-old male traffic control technician who sustained a work-related injury to his back from lifting arrow board trailer. Per OMNI, he was diagnosed with lumbar herniate d nucleus pulposus. Patient was deemed maximum medical improvement (MMI) on 09/22/08 at maximum medical improvement (MMI) with 18% permanent disability. Future medical care include orthopedic visits, PT, gym membership, MRI, Epidural Steroid Injection (ESI) and back surgery.

However, there are some important concepts such as avoidance of axial loading when prescribing exercises to patients with disc pathology as this is strongly related to degenerative changes although there is no gold standard tool for measuring lumbar compression load (Hung, Y.J.et al., 2014). Hours spent sitting significantly increased the prevalence of disc herniation. Sitting is also associated with loss of the lumbar lordosis, intervertebral disc (IVD) compression, and height loss, possibly increasing the risk of lower back pain (Fryer, J.C., Quon, J. A., & Smith, F. W. (2010). Hence, offering variable positions when exercising patients best minimizes seated exercises. Little is known about the correlation between the extent of disc herniation and clinical signs and symptoms, neither were there any reported correlation between improvement in functions nor the pain reduction as visually reported, other than the reduction in sizes of disc herniation among the four segment levels (L2 –L3 = n 6, L3-L4 n=17, L4- L5 n= 51 c, and L5- S1 n= 4), indicative of morphological regression of herniated disk during their repeated MR as reported by the research of Unlu, Tasci, Tarhan, Pabuscu, & Islak in 2008. Hence, physical assessment and a thorough physical therapy

The initial post tackles a fundamental idea as to the role of imaging in the diagnosis of low back pain (LBP). As McKinnis (2014) reiterated the fact that “no imaging can be prudent” in cases of suspected disk herniation in the first six weeks preceding the advent of the symptoms (p. 344). The discussion clearly points out the significance of the clinical practice guidelines of the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. The collaboration between health care professionals is necessary to conserve costs while sustaining a high quality of care for the patients.

Low back pain (sometimes known as lumbago) is one of the most common complaints that patients have in the department of patients outside. About 55% of all visits to the orthopedic clinic will be related to back pain. Although the condition is more common in older people, it can also occur in younger people, but the predisposing factors and the causes may be different in relation to age group. (See back pain you need to know for details on the causes)

Study participants will use paper and pencil to complete the Keele STarT Back Screening Tool (SBST). The SBST is a simple prognostic questionnaire that helps the lead EBP investigator to identify modifiable risk factors (biomedical, psychological and social) for back pain disability for participants 40 years of age and older. The SBST takes approximately 2 minutes to complete. Keele University, the creator of the SBST, grants permission for the tool to be used from its website “use of this tool is free and open to all - no license is required”. However, when using the tool, Keele University asked that copyright and funding statement is maintained at all times.

For identifying the perceived musculoskeletal discomfort we used Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) developed by Dr.Allen Hedge at Cornell University. CMDQ is a subjective rating scale for user’s perceived discomfort from work. The intensity of discomfort for each of the 12 body parts mentioned in the CMDQ questionnaires (Appendix B) for male and female was rated on three subscales 1. Frequency score 2. Discomfort score and 3. Interference score. The frequency score was rated from “never” to “several times a day” by weighting the rating scores as in Table 1 to more easily identify the most serious problems:

This experiment over the rehabilitation of lower back pain was conducted to find which treatments worked most effectively patients and the cost that came along with each treatment. They started this experiment by selecting a test group of adults from the age of 20 to 64 who were experiencing a mild form of back pain, and then began placing them in different areas of treatment. The patients were either sent to do Physical Therapy, Chiropractor, or they were given an instruction booklet on how to treat lower back pain. In Physical Therapy, The patients were treated using McKenzie method which is focused on a “centralized” treatment to reduce overall back pain. The second group of patients had to undergo Chiropractic Manipulation which is a high velocity thrust which is targeted at what is known as a “manipulable lesion”.

Low back pain (LBP) is a major cause of disability wherein it involves nerves, muscles and bones of the back (Luciana G Macedo, 2008). The sensation of pain that can be felt can be a dull constant ache or a sudden sharp feeling (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, 2015). The pain felt is identified below the margin of the last ribs and above the inferior gluteal lines. The pain is usually caused by certain conditions such as osteoarthritis, herniated discs, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.

It is estimated that 1 in 3 people will experience low back pain at some time in their life, thats more than 80% of the adult population. It is one of the most common reasons why people take time off work, it is often debilitating, distressing and frustrating as ones quality of life suffers. Most cases are classified as 'simple' back pain where serious underlying pathology is unlikely and will improve over 6 weeks. Many people don’t don't need to see a doctor, and may instead seek help from an osteopath or manual therapist. In the UK some 60 % of osteopathic treatments are for low back pain

Low back pain has been reported as the single leading cause of disability worldwide, with half of all working Americans admitting to having back pain symptoms each year.1 Back pain is the second most common reason individuals seek medical attention, following respiratory concerns.2 Disc herniations are widely regarded as a common contributor to low back pain; and while an estimated 1/3 of people have a herniated disc, only 1-3% are believed to be symptomatic.3 Although the herniation can occur at any spinal level research estimates 95% of herniations occur at spinal levels L4-L5 and L5-S1 in individuals aged 25-55 years.3

A study conducted in School of Nursing, Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, USA regarding high prevalence of back injury and subsequent back pain in nursing explored multidimensional factors with respect to working behaviors, physical fitness, and environments that contribute to both acute and cumulative back

In a recent study published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine "Impact of a Sit-Stand Workstation on Chronic Low Back Pain Results in a Randomized Trial," Stanford University researchers concluded that lower back pain may be improved through the use of sit-stand workstations. Postural variation, or the intermittent transition from sitting to standing, was the key difference noted between the use of traditional and sit-stand desks in the study. Of

Patients had suffered back pain for varying durations (4-15 years) prior to SMT. Within 24 hours of undergoing SMT, all experienced acute aggravation of pain, leaving them unable to walk, stand, sit, or lie down normally. Herniation results in diminished lower extremity control and abnormal tendon reflexes; as such, four individuals suffered from neurological issues. Patient history determined that no individual had experienced back trauma or surgery, and further investigation found that all patients had a disc fragment within the spinal canal. In cases regarding herniation, surgical intervention is required; hernia and pain symptoms were alleviated post-surgery in all 10 patients. It was determined that SMT could exacerbate pre-existing symptoms, and certain vertebrae were found to be more susceptible to herniation (L4–L5 disc herniation observed in seven individuals). Five potential predictive factors regarding age and previous symptoms were identified, which may help identify future patients at-risk of lumbar disk herniation from SMT.