Studying The Antioxidant And Anti Tumour Effects Of Pleurotus. Ostreatus Mushroom

Mushrooms are nutritional functional food and as a source of physiologically valuable and nontoxic medicines. They have been informed to have major pharmacological effects or physiological properties such as bio regulation, maintenance of homeostasis, regulation of biorhythm, cure of various diseases, and avoidance and improvement of life threatening diseases such as cancer, cerebral stroke and heart disease. They have been also demonstrated to have effective ingredients for decreasing blood cholesterol, hypolipidemic, antithrombotic, hypotensive and other applications.

Mulberry and blueberry are examples of the berries species that contain high antioxidants and low in calories. These berries may contribute in minimizing and preventing the risk of diabetes due to the presence of high amounts of phenolic compound and flavonoids such as anthocyanin. It may exhibit neuroprotective and anticancer activity (Wang Y, Xiang L, Wang C, Tang C, He X, 2013). The reaction of the antioxidants in berries related to the reduction of oxidative stress and inhibition of macromolecular oxidation in fruits that high in phenolic compound (Larson, 1988). The anthocyanin content also have other health-related function such as anticancer, antiaging and antiobesity. However, the research regarding these functions still in progress and some of the research still needs a further improvement. The rich content of poplyphenol in berries helps in reducing the oxidation and producing the insulin to reduce the blood glucose

The antioxidant and tumor inhibiting property of Brahmi were studied in 3- methylcholanthrene induced fibrosarcoma rats (Rohini et al., 2004). The levels of the antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, the rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) were determined in the liver and kidney tissues. Sarcoma induction in rats resulted in a marked increase in the rate of LPO and a decrease in the antioxidant enzyme status. Furthermore, tumor markers such as lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, and sialic acid showed an upregulated expression in the serum. Brahmi supplementation enhanced the antioxidant enzyme status, reduced the rate of lipid peroxidation and downregulated tumor development markers. Among the five crude samples such as the whole plant of Bacopa monniera (L.)Wettst and four different fractions (petroleum ether, CHCl3, EtOAc, and n-BuOH fractions) of the methanol extract, n-BuOH fraction was noted to have the highest antitumor activity as per bioassay-guided methods conducted by Peng et al. The dammarane triterpene saponins isolated from n-BuOH fraction, bacopaside É (1) and bacopaside VII (3), had

It is the phycocyanin in spirulina that has the anti-cancer effect. A recent study shows that the phycocyanin kills cancerous blood cells.

Human Cancer is a dreadful human disease and it is increasing with changing life style, bad nutrition, and global warming. Cancer treatments do not have powerful medicine and the currently available drugs causing side effects. In this context, medicinal plants source the natural products derived have significance in the treatment of cancer. WHO, estimated 80% of the world’s population primarily those of developing countries rely on plant-derived medicines for the health care

Malignancies are closely related to weaknesses in the immune system. When the immune system is weak it is not able to destroy the cancerous cells in the body and they continue to grow out of control and eventually terminating with the death of the host. For all its immune-strengthening properties, colostrum is an important agent in the fight against cancer and it also contains an antioxidant molecule called phytic acid that blocks the supply of nourishing iron molecules to the malignant cells4. Studies have shown that a peptide molecule called lactoferrin that is present in high concentration in colostrum elicit strong anti-cancer reaction both in humans and animals. Tsuda et al. carried out an experiment where bovine lactoferrin was administered orally to laboratory rats suffering from different types of malignancies. The results showed a remarkable inhibition of the cancer cell growth even when external carcinogens were further added5. Xu et al. observed that due to high affinity of lactoferrin towards Fe (+3) ions, it has the capacity to show strong anti-cancer properties. In their study the researchers exposed human stomach cancer cell lines to lactoferrin for up to 48 hours and observed appreciable levels of apoptosis of cancer cells6. Another study carried out by Tung et al. focussed on the efficacy of

All three fungi, Pleurotus pulmonarius, Pycnoporus sanguineus and Trichoderma sp. were grown in three different type of media MEA, PDA and GYMP under conditions of pH 5.5 and temperature of 27.

Although these studies have shown anti-inflammatory activity of Picrorhiza kurroa; hitherto, the anti-inflammatory pathway has remained enigmatic. Based on above facts, we undertook the present study to investigate (a) whether PKRE inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet implantation induced granuloma formation and if so (b) what are its effects on macrophage derived pro-inflammatory mediators in serum and (c) to derive plausible anti-inflammatory mechanism by evaluating effect of PKRE on activated peritoneal macrophages.

The methanol soluble portion of black cumin oil, which is prepared by compression of seeds of Nigella sativa, showed inhibitory effects on arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation and blood coagulation (Enomoto et al 2001). NS oil (NSO) was studied to evaluate its effect on the fibrinolytic potential of the fibosarcoma cell line HT1080 to elucidate whether this oil might have an antitumor activity through its modulation of the fibrinolytic potential of such cells. The results showed that blackseed oil decreases the fibrinolytic potential of the human fibrosarcoma cell line (HT1080) in vitro; implying that inhibition of local tumor invasion and metastasis may be one such mechanism (Awad 2005).

Mushrooms are nutritional functional food and as a source of physiologically beneficial and nontoxic medicines. They have been reported to have significant pharmacological effects or physiological properties such as bio regulation, maintenance of homeostasis, regulation of biorhythm, cure of various diseases, and prevention and improvement of life threatening diseases such as cancer, cerebral stroke and heart disease. They have been also demonstrated to have effective substances for decreasing blood cholesterol, hypolipidemic,

Studies show that probiotics can constrain initiation and the development of different type of cancers (31) which make them proper candidate for cancer immunotherapy. It is also evident that probiotics are able to inhibit proliferation of mammalian cells in vitro (32) via induction of apoptosis by secreting safe, effective and natural substances and secretory compounds (28).

Aureus, S. Epidermis, B. Cereus, K. Rhizophila and C. Diphteriae and gram-negative S. Typhi, C. Fuendii, A. Hydrophila and P. Vulgaris. It also contain cytotoxic activity. Using brine shrimp lethality bioanalysis which is a well-accepted analysis for the primary screening of plant extracts methanolic extract of camias fruits and its different fractions were assessed for cytotoxic potential. Biologically active showed in methanolic extract and its four fractions are significant cytotoxic potential demonstrated. The LC50 values of crude methanolic extract, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride pet ether and aqueous soluble fractions of Camias fruits were found to be 0.005, 5.691, 1.198, 0.781, and 6.123 μg/ml, respectively. Therefore it concludes that the obtained tends to suggest that plant extract of Avrrhoa Bilimbi fruits may be candidate for anticancer therapy. In light of the results of the present study, it can be concluded that the plant extract and its fractions possesses cytotoxic potential. Positive result of methanolic extracts and its different organic solvent soluble fractions led us to the inference that the plant extract may contain bioactive

The rhizome of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth, is widely used for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions. In the present study, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and anti-granuloma activity of Picrorhiza kurroa rhizome extract (PKRE) against carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet implantation induced granuloma formation and Complete Freund 's Adjuvant (CFA) induced stimulation of peritoneal macrophages in experimental rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was grossly observed by determining the efficacy to inhibit the increased paw edema volume while the anti-granuloma activity was evaluated

are used for cancer treatment but those are highly expensive due to less abundance of plants and very less amount of active constituent from plants like 500 mg vincristine from 5 kg vinca. So an indigenous drug, Sansevieria roxburghiana is selected for anti cancer activity as it is reported to have cytotoxicity in brine shrimp lethality assay18 and anti-cancer activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice20. There are no investigations, so far, on the activity of extract to the active molecule level. The present proposal is aimed to fill this gap and validate the active fraction/s responsible for anticancer activities by established methodology.

This study is limited to the possibility of producing edible mushrooms specifically Volvariella Volvaceae using rice hull and dried water hyacinth leaves.