Sucrose And Substance F

The purpose of this experiment was to explore the properties of chemical substances that can be used to identify the types of bonds in a chemical substance using a laboratory procedure. The two types of bonds being identified were ionic and covalent. Based on a substance’s properties, how can you determine whether its bonds are ionic or covalent? This is the question I posed before starting the experiment.

From the graph, R2 can be extrapolated from the y-axis and the corresponding value on the x-axis (the point of intersection on the curve) gives the concentration of the unknown solution.

The independent variable was the concentration of sucrose in the dialysis tubing we used as a simulated membrane.

PURPOSE:  to determine which of the 3 ionic compounds (NaCl, LiCl, or NaCH3COO) is most

We discovered that the acetic acid reacted only with baking soda and sample #2. The acetic acid did not react with the sucrose or the table salt. During the conductivity test, the conductivity meter showed that the aqueous form of each substance, sample 2 included, conducted electricity. As the conductivity test produced no conclusive data, we based our determination of sample 2’s nature on the reaction with acetic acid. Sample 2’s reaction was only comparable to that of baking soda, leading us to believe sample 2 is indeed baking

This lab investigates the effects of Sucrose concentration on cell respiration in yeast. Yeast produces ethyl alcohol and CO2 as a byproduct of anaerobic cellular respiration, so we measured the rate of cellular respiration by the amount of CO2

Determining the effect of varying sucrose concentration on the rate of anaerobic cell respiration in yeasts

Aim: To classify unknown substances according to their structure type and to observe how the structure of materials affects their uses.

High fructose corn syrup is manmade and bad for you. It is found in products like cereals, sodas, crackers, to cookies, and many other foods. It is an artificial sweetener made from corn. It has had some of its glucose partially changed to fructose. It is worse for you than table sugar or sucrose.

Intermolecular forces hold molecules together when they are in solid or liquid state. However, water has the ability to dissociate many salts and ionic compounds. This is called dissolving. When NaCl is added to water, it dissociates into the ions; Na+ and Cl- . The positive sodium ions are surrounded by the slightly negatively charged part of water molecules (i.e. oxygen) in the water molecules and the negative chlorine ions are surrounded by the slightly positively charged part of water molecules (i.e. the hydrogen). The kinetic energy of the sodium chloride molecules increase with temperature. This destabilizes the solid state that it is currently in. This increased motion means that the molecules are less able to hold together and as such they dissolve at faster rates and larger amounts.

Solubility – Very soluble (water), Freely soluble (methylene chloride, chloroform, alcohol), Slightly soluble (acetone) and Insoluble (ether).6 Melting point - 120°C or 248°F.5

An unknown material can be determined by using simple chemical tests and separations which is called as inorganic qualitative analysis. The separation of cations depends on the difference in their propensity to form precipitates. Separation scheme is used to classify cation into five groups on the basis of their physical and chemical behavior opposed to some reagents. Classification is based on whether there is formation of precipitates or not when metal cations react with the reagent. The five groups of cations and the characteristics of these groups are as follows:

Osmosis is a form of diffusion; water moves through a selective permeable from an area of its higher concentration to an area of a lower concentration. Also, this osmosis is directed by a solute concentration. In hypotonic solution, the cell gain water to dilute the concentration because the concentration of a substance is larger with in the cell. Whereas, hypertonic solution, the cell lose a water to increase the concentration of the substance because the concentration is larger in the solution than within the cell.

Conclusion: The drawn hypothesis is accepted, or in other words supported by the collected data to a certain extent. Both the raw data tables as well as the graphs show accuracy to a certain extent which goes to show that there was error, however minimal. The hypothesis stated the the more hypertonic the sucrose solution, the less increase in potato mass there will be. It even suggests that mass might increase.

Materials and Methods: The materials needed for our lab consisted of 400 mL’s of stock solution of 1 M sucrose, 16 50mL beakers, 8mL of 0.5 M AgNO3 (silver nitrate), potatoes, distilled water, a graduated cylinder, pipettes, a cork bore, a scalpel, Elodea leaves, a microscope, and 16 glass slides. Preparation of Sucrose Solution: