Summary: Abstinence Before Athletic Competition

Female athletes tend to have a higher rate of brain injury than their male counterparts

How two minutes’ worth of running prior to your workout could trigger the release of high amounts of testosterone.

Positive Psychological Effects. Along with a child’s physical health, research shows that a child’s psychological well-being will improve through sports as well. An article on Health Fitness Revolution mentions that playing sports heightens the athlete’s morale through the different ways the athlete helps their team (“Top 10 Benefits of Youth Sports”). More specifically, an article on Psychology Today says that a girl who participates in sports generally has a more positive view of her body, even if she doesn’t “conform to society’s very rigid standards of female beauty” (Lindholm). When children feel confident about themselves, they ultimately feel the same about their whole life as well.

That according to the study, males have earlier, more frequent intercourse both before and after marriage, emphasize sexual pleasure as a motive for intercourse, and have more non-marital and extramarital relationships than females. I feel that this is mostly true among me and my other groups of friends who are male.

Copstead, Lee-Ellen, and Jacquelyn Banasik. Pathophysiology. 4th ed. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Inc., 2010. 212-227. Print.

It’s been debated that having kids participate in sports can be either a positive or negative factor in a child’s development. Is participating in sports a positive outcome in a youth’s development? Through my own personal experience and through the research that I have conducted I believe that participating in sports is a true benefit to a child’s development. Participating in sports can contribute to a healthy individual, developing problem-solving skills, social interaction, promotes following direction and rules, goal setting and creating plans, promotes self-esteem, reduces stress, helps academic success, and a higher quality of life.

“Sports for girls has many benefits, including better grades, better body image, less depression and a higher chance of graduating from high school,” says Leigh R. She’s right, and the improvement in all of these areas will increase if girls can play with and against

Among these 1195 studies 999 abstracts were reviewed. 36 full paper have been chosen. Twelve studies were selected among thousand based on very a strict criteria (Hogan, Smart, Shah, and Taddio, 2014, p.

Italian and Ukrainian teams were forbidden to have sexual relations during the duration of the tournament. It was feared that the influence of this vice would diminish the team’s chances for success at the highest level. Similarly, as James Mooney states in American Anthropologist, “Cherokees who played stickball must not engage in intercourse for a month before a game….” It can be assumed that this would cause them to be less aggressive in their quest for perfection. Today’s athletes, in general, are superior both mentally and physically to any of their predecessors. We hold our athletes, coaches and owners to a standard of excellence that can be argued, rarely exists in other professional arena’s. In Native American culture you can begin to see, as described by Gorn and Goldstein this reverence that is attached to the superior athletes of the day. Not only was it a game, but victory was an opportunity to improve the fortunes of the Indians in areas of consequence such as “placating spirits, or warding off disease, or ensuring adequate rainfall.” I believe that this responsibility to bring good fortune through athletic contest, brought with it an almost spiritual reverence of the athlete which continues to exist today. Commercials persuade the individual to “Be like Mike,” or connect with the everyman of our generation in the ads that encourage the belief that “I am Tiger Woods.” These athletes are otherworldly in

In “Children need to play, not compete”, Jessica Statsky exposes the dangers of competitive youth sports. She claims that controlling coaches and parents “impose adult standards on children’s sports.” According to Statsky, numerous parent-funded programs would rather have a victorious team then to help players develop skills and self-esteem. She voices her concerns about all organized sports activities, clearly articulating her own view on this matter. Furthermore, she seeks to draw awareness to the physical, psychological, and other affects these activities have on young kids by providing the reader with strong examples of the unhealthy situations children in sports have experienced.“Their goals should be having fun, learning, and being with

As a result, this quote shows some of the side effects of taking drugs that can get worse if people keep on taking it. From the side effects shown in the evidence,it really shows how harmful it is. This leads on to the next quote from what else could happen if people keep on taking it,“side effects, including stunted growth, acne, liver problems” (Crary). Thus,this quote is important because it showed more side effects that could happen if people keep on taking drugs to improve someone's athletic

One of the limitations of the experiment was the use of self-reports in the questionnaire. “This could lead to underreporting of actual behavior…self bias might have distorted answers on other instruments as well,” (Lazarus et al, 2013). To improve the validity of the experiment, the researchers used anonymous questionnaires, required them to be complete alone and returned them in sealed envelopes. “The study done was not to find doping in sports but rather the associations and correlations between different variables that might increase the risk to use PEDs,” (Lazarus et al.,

The allure of performance enhancement drugs is quite prominent in our competitive society. Many pounce at the ability to chemically enhance the human body. One well known example of performance enhancement is in competitive sports. While illegal in North America, anabolic steroid use by athletes still occurs and often leads to sport scandals. Floyd Landis, an American road racing cyclist, won the Tour de France in 2006, but his champion title was short lived after he failed a doping test. However, while Landis’ doping case made global headlines, another form of dangerous performance enhancement was silently taking place in universities; by students rather than athletes.

Athletes suffer side effects because they are willing to do anything to obtain a better performance.

Youth sports are an incredibly healthy way for kids to grow and release energy. Children in preschool can begin to take part in sports like dance and soccer, and as they grow older, the lists of sports gets longer. However, there are negatives of sports that are often not talked about by parents, coaches, schools, or the media. As a result, stigmatization occurs, leaving children struggling with sports to suffer alone. With youth sports, elevated levels of stress occur, and as a consequence, mental health can decline. Youth sports can have an adverse psychological effect on young athletes and it is an effect that can be damaging for children for their entire lives.