Summary Chapter Eight

Chapter eight, View From the Bottom Rail, by Davidson Lytle and Mark Lytle in the book After the Fact, shows the hardships of the lives of slaves towards the end of the Civil War. This chapter includes the hardships of slave life, discrimination, first-hand accounts, and details about the journey to the North.

The _____________ is a market for converting the currency of one country into that of another.

Some of the challenges and philosophical questions that mankind has battled with throughout history have been addressed directly by mathematics. Indeed, the study of mathematics has allowed us to pursue answers for some of the most impractical questions that are difficult or even impossible to test in reality. Although the application of some solutions are beyond what humanity is capable of at this point in time, an understanding of what they are and how they link to other mathematical and everyday principles of life grant us an extraordinary comprehension of how the world works, as well as providing insights into some of the unintuitive results of fascinating acts. This article aims to explore some of these

Ramanujan, because of his lack of ‘formal’ education, could look at the world in a new way and develop unthinkable equations and theories, most of them having been proven correct by researchers around the world. Ono connected deeply with Ramanujan, both sharing a hate for education in their younger years. Yet, while Ono admits that he does not share the genius of Ramanujan, he saw through him that a man who did not even graduate college could achieve greatness in the field of mathematics. Using Ramanujan’s notebooks filled with seemingly meaningless notes and formulas, Ono and his collaborators found a way to find as many functions as he wants as long as their values are algebraic. This discovery made him a world-renowned expert in number theory and mathematics, and especially Ramanujan’s life and works. Ono, in his appreciation to Ramanujan, leads the Spirit of Ramanujan Math Talent Initiative, where he strives to find undiscovered math geniuses like Ramanujan and help them grow in hopes of nurturing someone with as much talent as him in order to help advance the field of mathematics. He also continues to study Ramanujan’s math theories, hoping to one day to understand why Ramanujan saw the importance in his theories and utilize them to solve one of many mysterious laws of the mathematical and theoretical

The first time Newton reached the mathematics is in June 1661 in Trinity College, Cambridge. Newton found some questions on the mechanical philosophy，after that, in 1665, he found the Binomial theorem. However, Gottfried Leibniz presented the Binomial theorem in 1684 that earlier than Newton. Newton is actually the first person that found this theorem individually, but he did not because he was afraid that his result is wrong and he would get disgust and marginalization. Even here was a huge argument about Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz in England. This argument pointed that Leibniz plagiarized Newton’s research. Then, Because of this argument, the development of calculus of England was lagged at least one century until Leibniz dead. Nowadays,

The field of mathematic has led to countless disputes between people in the past. One famous dispute in the mathematic field is concerned with the invention or discovery of calculus. Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz participated in a rivalry which lasted more than. During their rivalry, the two mathematicians accused each other of plagiarism and injustice.

The Housekeeper and Root’s willingness to consider new ideas allows them to learn a sizable amount of mathematics and share new experiences with the Professor. Their constant exposure to mathematics while spending time with the Professor prompts them to gradually acknowledge the numbers present in their daily lives. The Professor’s enjoyable lectures and patient nature also help the Housekeeper and Root develop a love for learning. For instance, the Professor doesn’t pressure them when they fail to find the answer to the square root of negative one. Instead, he patiently waits for their guesses with a pleasant smile. The Professor’s lack of criticism highlights his gentle personality and love of sharing mathematics with others. In addition,

Leonardo Fibonacci, a young boy who grew up in medieval Italy, loved numbers. Because of his passion for math, he was often called a blockhead. As a young adult, Fibonacci traveled the world and was inspired people’s uses of numbers all over the world. He found numbers in flowers, fruit, and shells. Later in life, the “blockhead” discovered the Fibonacci Sequence. The story focuses on actual events and portrays a person’s life, and therefore this is a biography (p. 247).

Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz each claimed that they established calculus as a true branch of mathematics on their own. However, it is highly improbable that two men working independently of one another reached the same conclusions on a topic as broad as modern calculus. These claims lead the public to ask the question: “who was the great mastermind behind this now universally used branch of science?” While it is true that both men contributed in content to Calculus, the controversial belief that Leibniz plagiarized Newton’s work, changing only a few minute details and publishing his findings before Newton had a chance to publish his, is the fuel that caused this controversy to become one of the greatest mathematical disputes in history. Historical events and mathematical evidence dictate that Newton is the real father of calculus

The recent change in the national curriculum in mathematics, as well as having positive impacts, will also cause issues in teaching and learning mathematics. One of the

Niels Henrik is perhaps the greatest mathematician to have come from Norway. Though his father was a philosophy teacher, he and Abel’s mother managed to acquire a large amount of debt due to scrupulous spending. Thus, much of Abel’s youth was spent well acquainted in poverty. His poverty continued to adulthood when his father died, and his studies had to be supported by his professors and through the Norwegian government. Before his university, he was granted a fellowship to travel and study and Europe, and the year and a half which he spent in Germany, Italy, and France was one of the happiest periods in his life. Yet, upon return to Norway, Abel could only attain temporary positions. The last years of his life were beset by many difficulties, but it was during this period of poverty and struggle that he developed his most famous proof of the insolvability of the quintic function. Though he died tragically young at twenty- seven, before any recognition, by tuberculosis, he left a bountiful legacy for mathematics. It was not until his death that the world became aware of his genius, for his proof of the insolvability of the

At age 13 she began her research in math reading works of Leonhard Euler, Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss. She spent this time confined to her house due to the fact there was common french revolts. She spent this time in her father’s library. Germaine began teaching herself mathematics. Her parents thought the hobby she took up was not suitable hobby. Germaine persisted, her parents

I would like know more about the numbers and their roles in mathematics. How does numbers relate to different cultures contribution

Of the conflicts that occurred between these great scientists, the two with the most profound impacts were over the founding of calculus and the nature of the fabric of space as it relates to motion. With regards to the debates over credit for calculus, feuding between the two scientists outlined their personalities and methodologies of production, which varied greatly based on attitude and—consequently—actions. Letters between the two, as well as publicly documented debate, not only paint a portrait of the two scientists, but provide insight into their processes of deduction and how they

In my previous math classes, ranging from Algebra I to AP Calculus, I never had been assigned to anything dealing with the actual history of math. So, much to my surprise as stated earlier, I found many aspects of the book to be infinitely fascinating. In the first chapter, I was astonished to learn