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Summary: How the Electoral College Works

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The Electoral College Technically speaking, the citizens of the United States do not elect their president through a direct vote, but by electing 'electors' pledged to vote for a candidate. Each state has a different numbers of electors. The Founding Fathers hoped that after a period of reasoned consideration, these electors would vote for the best candidate. Thus, technically the electors could subvert the popular will. The evolution of the Electoral College was a slow one. Today, "under the winner-take-all system, the presidential candidate who wins the most popular votes within a state wins all of that state's electors" (Kimberling 1992:6). In terms of allocating electors to states, "each state is allocated a number of electors equal to the number of its US Senators (always 2) plus the number of its US Representatives (which may change each decade according to the size of each state's population as determined in the Census)" (Kimberling 1992:10). However, the Electoral College is controversial and widely regarded as outdated by many. Firstly, it seems to give unfair sway to states with large amounts of electors, based upon population. It is unfair that the vote of a resident of Wyoming should have less weight than that of a vote in New York, simply because New York is more densely-populated than Wyoming. Secondly, to win a majority in the Electoral College effectively 'forces' presidential candidates to focus on wooing voters in swing states, versus every voter

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