Events in the past are preserved through photographs, writings and libraries. Can memories conserve the historical occurrence to the present? The theory of memory transmission states that a “massive trauma experienced by a group in the historical past can be experienced by an individual living centuries later who shares a similar attribute of the historical group” (Balaev 151). In the story “Cattle Car Complex” by Thane Rosenbaum, Adam Posner is a second generation survivor of the Holocaust. He displays symptoms of post-trauma when stuck in an elevator. Mr. Posner’s parents were prisoners of concentration camps and their memories transmit to him “so deeply as to seem to constitute memories” of his own (Hirsch 1). The Holocaust is a “Nazi Judeocide” …show more content…
He served the Haitian President François “Papa Doc” Duvalier who won the presidency in 1957 until 1971 (Smith 1). The Tonton Macoutes terrorized the nation through oppressive schemes such as “spying, beatings, [and] executions” (Collins 130). Both of the historical frames mentioned display power against the powerless. The terms “post memory” and “trauma theory” are reference to the complicated structure of memory that moves through generations while disturbing individuals that do not have exposure to the original event and are therefore “possessed by a history they had never lived” (Epstein 3). Literature helps readers to understand the multigenerational impact of traumatic events like the Holocaust and the outcome of forceful militants like the Tonton Macoutes. In “Book of the Dead” by Edwidge Danticat and “Cattle Car Complex” by Thane Rosenbaum, the main characters Adam and Ka reveal that though never experiencing trauma directly, post trauma impacts their imagination, identity and personal relationships. The significance of post-memory demonstrates the profound consequences of wrongdoing and error in political
In Art Spiegelman’s graphical novel Maus his demonstration of the Holocaust and its recollection in Maus was very emotional, affecting and the most expressing. The approach that the author has taken construes and magnifies the comical shape of telling history. It portrays Spiegelman dialog between himself and his father about his happenings as holocaust and polish jew survivor. Most of the narrative specifically focuses on Spiegelman 's difficult connection with his father, and the nonappearance of his mother who committed suicide when he was 20.In this essay I will be examining the experience of trauma and memory in Maus. Also I will be showing how the pain and trauma of the Holocaust affected Artie and Vladek 's diasporic memories. Trauma usually describes the association with chronological or combined traumatic proceedings to experiences that happen to others. These occasions are internalized circuitously through images, and stories and other recaps and reminders of their family’s occurrences. Spiegelman also investigates and addresses the load and legacy of distressing reminiscence on second-generation survivors. In the narrative Maus discovers and documents this behavior of dual memory. Throughout the story Art talks about the state of affairs in which his father’s reminiscences are expressed. The chronological and personal trauma produced by the Holocaust, and by simplifying the reintegration of the following generation to its past.
Baker’s memoir portrays the value of memory in humanising the objectiveness of historical truth and its role in developing an individual’s ability to understand how past events shape their cultural identity. Throughout The Fiftieth Gate, Baker’s position as a historian colours his perspective in understanding the past events of the Holocaust; in his use of polyphonous voices, the multiple voices are able to provide insight into different perspectives and their memories. He finds that his parents’ memories are valuable in deepening his understanding of the past and his Jewish culture, as
In this book, the author describes the long process it takes to create a national museum that will commemorate the Holocaust. He covers issues such as, the location of it, the design and construction aspects of the museum building. He informs readers about how they’ve tried to represent the Holocaust through the museum with sensitivity. I will use specific facts from this book to show that this museum was built with the help of many and required a lot of thought into it. I will show that this museum does in fact show sensitivity to an individual.
Between memoirs and history textbooks, two very different approaches to historical matters are dealt with: one appeals to emotion, while the other to reason and logic. In Elie Wiesel’s memoir Night, he discusses his life during the Holocaust and what life in a prison camp was like on an emotional level. The treatment of the Jews at the hands of the Nazi guards is more appalling through the emotional description of a survivor like Elie Wiesel than through the contextual and fact based evidence found in a textbook. One such example of this is when Wiesel describes how when the Jews were herded onto the cattle carriages to move them from Geiwitz to Buchenwald, and how the Nazi’s distribution of rations led to the Jews eating snow off one another’s backs:
Words, memories, and stories are warped and distorted as they are passed down from person to person. The stories are the clay created by the earth and they are shaped and molded by the mouths of the people that listen and retell them. The books they are written in are the kiln that makes them permanent and gives them influence and value. Adam Posner, the main character of The Cattle Car Complex, is a product of the memories branded into the minds of his parents. His words are replications of his parents suffering. When he is trapped in an elevator, all of the memories imprinted onto him, all of the horrors locked in the attic of Mr. Posner’s subconscious are unleashed, and the result is the Holocaust being brought back into the light from
When a person recalls an emotional situation, it can be difficult for them to explain to others exactly how they felt when the event occurred. Authors attempt to communicate these tough experiences using a variety of literary devices—which include symbolism, irony, and theme. Night by Elie Wiesel, and First They Killed My Father by Loung Ung are two pieces of literature that recollect the memories of the authors during traumatic events; Night is set during the Holocaust, while the latter is set in Cambodia during the harsh rule of Pol Pot. The literary devices present in each text are utilized by Wiesel and Ung in unique and similar ways to communicate the extent of what they felt .
As said by Audrey Hepburn; “Living is like tearing through a museum, not until later do you really start absorbing what you saw, thinking about it, looking it up in a book, and remembering - because you can’t take it in all at once.” In Elie Wiesel’s memoir, Night, the Holocaust took place in an order of layers. As time passed, the extremity was increased each chapter he succumbed to. Elie expresses raw emotion in his memoir, Night, and leaves you in a complete, utter state of wonder and sadness. Not only this, but remembering and cherishing the importance of all the emotions from this time in history. In Elie Wiesel’s memoir, Night, the theme of remembering is present before the Holocaust and in today’s society.
The Holocaust has been one of the most horrifying and tragic event that our human race has dealt with, but there are some speculations that the stories told about experiences and memories from traumatic event are not completely accurate. In the book Night by Elie Wiesel, who is a holocaust survivor, talks about the agonizing pain he and others experienced and gives us a first person view throughout the book. Traumatizing events that happen shouldn’t be forgotten and there are many reasons to speculate how suffering, starvation and violence that each survivor went through could affect their overall memory. From my perspective, I believe that Elie Wiesel memories that are told in “Night” are not always accurate. The great detail on how he explained situations, feels like it couldn’t be remembered with the circumstances that he was being put under. There are many reasons why our memories can’t be true under tremendous weakness,
Becoming delusional was the only way many people could cope with the horrors of the government. Under the rule of Dictator Jean-Claude ''Baby Doc" Duvalier, Haiti underwent horrific and traumatizing events. Many hatians like the woman of the story, learned to disconnect herself from the ghastly situations and escape into a better life. Danticat adds another example of this in the story. She describes "My grandmother Defile who died with a bald head in a prison because God had given her wings." Her grandmother had been a victim of the 1937 massacre at the border of Dominican Republic.
Memory is defined as “The faculty of the mind by which it retains the knowledge of previous thoughts, impressions, or events.” Memories are units of information that have impacted one’s life and are stored in the brain for years. In some cases, dramatic events may not let the brain register every single detail about a situation. This is much like Anton’s case of the winter of 1945 of the novel The Assault by Harry Mulisch. The events of that winter affected him like no other would. The loss of his mother, father and brother and the burning of his house left an impact on him but the events were so grave his brain did not allow him to remember the smaller
Books, films, documentaries, and even memories: each serves to recount past events, each in a different way. While these accounts of the past are shared, they serve to provide the audience with an understanding; oftentimes this understanding does not and cannot portray the effect of certain, unimaginable events in history, such as the Holocaust, on individuals. In his essay, “The Presence of the Past,” Bernhard Schlink brings to the surface some of the inherited struggles that generations of German people have faced as a result of the Third Reich. Alongside his essay, Schlink also presents the effect of the past on people in his novel, The Reader, when he presents the audience with a character placed in a situation that is highly uncommon.
Memory – what it is, how it works, and how it might be manipulated – has long been a subject of curious fascination. Remembering, the mind-boggling ability in which the human brain can conjure up very specific, very lucid, long-gone episodes from any given point on the timeline of our lives, is an astounding feat. Yet, along with our brain’s ability of remembrance comes also the concept of forgetting: interruptions of memory or “an inability of consciousness to make present to itself what it wants” (Honold, 1994, p. 2). There is a very close relationship between remembering and forgetting; in fact, the two come hand-in-hand. A close reading of Joshua Foer’s essay, “The End of Remembering”, and Susan Griffin’s piece, “Our Secret”, directs us
In the novel “W, or the memory of childhood” written by Georges Perec, we see the story of a Jewish child that lived through his childhood during World War 2 and the time of the Holocaust which was a depressing time for Jewish people. This is an autobiographical novel which uses alternating chapters to help better describe his journey through this depressing time as a child, with trauma comes emotional and psychological harm which causes you to do whatever it takes to numb the pain, whether it is to find the source of the pain or to submerge them deep inside your heart to forget it. In this case, Perec used alternating chapters
Collective memories are important because “they are constructed, not simply reproduced”(5). Historical memories “transmit selective knowledge about the past”(5). Simply, collective memories are we chose to remember the past, while historical memories are the facts, albeit selective facts, of history. One issue of collective memory stems from the ability to selectively remember and forget the past(6). Historical memories face issue of being misrepresented or misused by those seeking to create a certain memory(12). Collective memory can also be misused to appear to represent the majorities memory, often used in the form of “public monuments” that are either owned by the public nor have been erected with public consensus(13). Historical memory
The purpose of a story is not solely just to share lessons and truths about human nature but to also share stories of the past. Recognizing history and the knowledge acquired through stories is crucial in growing as an individual and as an entire society. People may be inclined to forget awful wars or events of the past. However, the act of forgetting these stories is an effort to avoid confronting the terrors and mistakes of the past. For instance, in Night, Elie Wiesel’s purpose in writing his memoir on his experiences of the Holocaust and in the death