Summary Of An Old Enemy For Sub-Saharan Migrants

Chapter 4, Transatlantic Moment, of Reversing Sail by Michael Gomez was extremely intriguing. As the saying goes numbers never lie. The statistical aspect provided by Gomez of the transatlantic movement was effective in altering my perception of the transatlantic movement as a whole. As the text states the scholarly consensus is that approximately 11.9 million Africans were exported from Africa. Only 9.6 to 10.8 millions arrived alive to America, meaning 10 to 20 percent was loss during the Middle Passage. These numbers show how extensive and outrageous the transatlantic movement was. These numbers represent people with established lives, who were kidnapped and put into forced labor. As Gomez stated serval times and how I now view, the transatlantic

Refugees are people who crossed borders, fleeing due to problems related to race religion and nationality. While fleeing, refugees unknowingly carry many diseases due to lack of mental help and attention. When coming to a new country, refugees have no self-esteem to get jobs due to the language barrier. Refugees who flee their country and sacrifice everything are confident and strong willed with all the obstacles that come through their journey to start a new life. The long-term effects that a refugee experiences due to forced migration is Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression. Forced migration has a negative mental and physical affect on refugees.

“The Slave Ship: A Human History” written by Marcus Rediker describes the horrifying experiences of Africans, and captains, and ship crewmen on their journey through the Middle Passage, the water way in the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the Americas. The use of slaves to cultivate crops in the Caribbean and America offered a great economy for the European countries by providing “free” labor and provided immense wealth for the Europeans. Rediker describes the slave migration by saying, “There exists no account of the mechanism for history’s greatest forced migration, which was in many ways the key to an entire phase of globalization” (10). African enslavement to the Americas is the most prominent reason for a complete shift in the

The fact that migrants are living in South Africa is a reality that eventually all South Africans will have to accept and deal with. Migrants are often associated with the poor but not chronically poor, as they still need some amount of money to travel. (Kothari, 2002)There are times that we interact with foreigners but we are not aware of it. The individuals that we are unaware of are living the same way South African live, and some even look exactly like South Africans yet some still try the utmost to seek out these foreigners and throw some hate towards them. South Africa has since 1994 been labelled as “rainbow nation” yet acceptance has not yet been embedded into them even over 20 years later. Urban area such as city centers is core to

Imagine saying goodbye to friends, family, and your home town to take a treacherous journey through thousands of miles of ocean in a small wooden boat. Your endpoint, a outlandish and often unfriendly land. Yet, in the 1600s, thousands of English, Dutch, Spanish, and French men and women did just that because of religious oppression, paucity of money, or a hope that a superior life is awaiting them across the Atlantic Ocean.

Thomas Jefferson believed that expanding westward was the key to a healthy nation. Forty percent of the population lived in trans -Appalachian west. Most people had left their homes from the East for a economic opportunity.

Hermanin, C., Guidetti, D., & Kroon, E. D. (2012, December 3). Racism in Europe and What To Do About It. Retrieved February 13, 2017, from https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/ racism-europe-and-what-do-about-it

In countries such as France and the Netherlands, where there are large populations of immigrants, young people of foreign background often report that they are stopped by police without apparent reason. Ismael Attalki, an 18 year-old business student in Rotterdam, felt that “[The police] just don’t treat me with any respect...they should treat all people with respect, and not just the young people who are Dutch.” In the Southern French city of Marseille, where there are many Muslim immigrants from North Africa, public officials have often spoken out against immigration, even going

Throughout American history, immigrants have been entering the country to avoid political corruption and civil rights violations. The United States have been a safe haven for many. According to the articles; The Refugees at Our Door, A Few Other Times Countries Banned Religious or Ethnic Groups and Feds to states: No, you cannot ban Syrian refugees, America has been a home for people seeking asylum. Attempting to ban refugees from entering the country shows how unethical the morals of America has become. America does not have the ethical right to stop the immigration of refugees, however, it is acceptable for Americans to have their reservations as to whether it is safe to accept strangers into their homes.

The poor did not have the ability to pay for the long voyage across the Atlantic, so a new form of compensation was invented. Rather than promising money or goods in exchange for the trip, immigrants would

The start of the Atlantic National refugee is the start of all the findings in the areas of mountains and where the animals of the towns come into the picture and play a huge role in their culture. The villagers become a huge part in the agriculture and where it falls in their background. Carter deftly employs personal anecdote, statistics/data, and word choice to sway his readers.

areas like Southeast Asia are particularly vulnerable, but victims are from everywhere—from the Sudan to the suburbs. Their destinations are just as varied. No place or people is immune.

Given the recent international attention to the refugee and migrant crisis, the issue of human smuggling from the coast of Libya has also come to the fore. Libya serves as a nexus point for the Central Mediterranean Route, the name given to the migratory flow from North Africa to Malta and Italy through the Mediterranean Sea. The various routes from Western Africa and the Horn in Africa converge on the Libyan coast before the perilous Mediterranean Sea crossing.

Recently, forced migration term has spread widely and it has become one of the most common used terms, this is due to the unprecedented numbers of people who are being forced to leave their homes every day, either internally or internationally while fleeing the continuing crises in many regions in the world. These flowing waves of people have gotten the attention of the governments, researchers, organizations, and publics because of the big, deep, and significant effects that these waves are carrying on both hosts and migrants, as well as on sending and receiving countries. These tremendous numbers of forced migrants include various groups and every group can be classified under different category depending on the reasons, geographic borders of the movement, and legal situation of the migrants in the host country, which also varies from country to another.

In the latter, foreigners are said to be a serious threat to the approaching economic condition of South Africa. It is rather unfortunate that South Africa is characterised by high levels of inequality and unemployment for that reason there is anger and dissatisfaction. What makes immigrants victims, those mainly from countries like Nigeria, Somalia and Malawi is that they put forward an obvious good-looking target. As migrants are pushed away to South Africa by their countries underprivileged conditions, they often trade and live in local where the issue of unemployment is expected to be the most high. They in turn do better at least economically than the locals (Pately; 2013). The underlying causes of xenophobia are complex and varied, it is unemployment and mounting poverty among South Africans at the bottom of the economic ladder that have provoke fears of competition that better educated and experienced migrants can represent (Pately; 2013) Foreigners are seen to be wiping off public services while persistently deteriorating the economy for their own self-interested survival. From the above mentioned there is a certainty that the socio-economic problem created by the coming in of African migrants is not