Summary Of Chapter 10 Of Disease And Human Evolution

Describe the major developments of early human and social evolution. Throughout, discuss tool manufacturing, language development, agriculture, social behavior, and population growth.

of some sort to the general human gene pool, enough to be considered a different

Human evolution is the biological and cultural development of humans. A human is any member of the species Homo sapiens, meaning "wise man." Since at least the Upper Paleolithic era, some 40,000 years ago, every human society has devised a creation myth to explain how humans came to be. Creation myths are based on cultural beliefs that have been adopted as a legitimate explanation by a society as to where we came from.

As the second part of this reflection paper, I selected a book ‘A Short History of Disease’ by Sean Martin. He is a writer and filmmaker also known for his other famous books like The Knights Templar, Alchemy and alchemists, the Gnostics. His films include Lanterna Magicka: Bill Douglas & the secret history of cinema. The most alluring thing which conceives me to cull this book is a history of the disease, as a medical professional, it's always tantalizing to know from where all these begins and this book reaches up to my expectations as it started from the first ever recorded disease in the history of mankind. He isn’t lying when he say this a history of the disease. He starts from the earliest bacteria to evolve on the earth, long before there was anything around to infect. This book is divided into seven chapters, each chapter describes the history of diseases in a particular era. Chapter One: Prehistory, Chapter Two: Antiquity, Chapter Three: The Dark and Middle Ages, Chapter Four: The New World, Chapter

The Chapter, "The Mystery of Disease," starts off with questions about natural selection and the evolution theory. Asking questions that most people would not think of, like, " If we can live a 100 years, why not two hundred?" or " If evolution by natural selection can shape sophisticated mechanisms such as the eye, heart, and brain, why hasn't it shaped ways to prevent nearsightedness, heart attacks and Alzheimer’s disease?". These questions make the reader wonder, what is causing the human race to continue the pattern of diseases? The authors believe there is, "a deep evolutionary view reveals the bodies of all organisms as bundles of tradeoffs, compromises and limitations that ensure that perfection is impossible." which is controversial

“He will soon learn to have a thick skin about what he has” - my senior dermatologist told as we walked out of the unit for children with congenital skin disorder, in which skin peels off even with slightest friction. I had gone into dermatology for its challenging complex diseases and hoping for a future with intellectual explorations. I was shocked to see the lack of structure to deal with the psychological aspects of patients. Often, I sat besides bewildered patients, listening to their stories of stigmatization and rejection in the community because of their appearance. I believed in adapting individual approaches to different personality types and cultural backgrounds. I was unwilling to accept everything at its face value, but felt satisfied seeking for causes, asking questions, and above all analyzing the biological, psychological and social aspects of diseases. As I analyzed, I saw each disease being defined by the individual’s experience - her/his way of “being in the world”.

One of the most astonishing things on earth is the human body. They consist of many organs that work together to maintain the person alive. The humans body composition is complex, but what was the origin? How did we become who we are today? These are the questions that intrigued me, and allowed me to understand how the human body evolved over the years. By the examination of our ancestors, and our body we will understand how we look today.

Inflammatory Diseases, in today's society pretty much everyone has heard of at least one of them. Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease, the list of disorders goes on and on, and their effects can range from mild to life-altering. They all have one thing in common however, individuals with these diseases have overactive immune systems which then begin to attack the body's healthy cells. As the numbers of individuals with inflammatory diseases continues to rise the question then becomes, how did these disorders of the immune system begin in the first place? This article seeks to provide some answers to this question by detailing the work

Darwinian medicine, unlike most medical research that is focused on the proximate causes of diseases, looks at diseases from an evolutionary perspective; it seeks the reasons behind why natural selection has favored certain characteristics that are involved in disease acquisition or prevention. It looks into several concepts of adaptation including which types of adaptations combat pathogens, adaptations that pathogens have developed to counter other organism’s adaptations, maladaptive costs of organism’s adaptations, and adaptations that are no longer useful in our present day environment. The goal of this new science is to support advancements in the medical field. The ideas presented by Darwinian medicine are highly theoretical and still at the beginning of the process of development. Although it is a new science and has been a neglected perspective in the medical field, it offers insight on why natural selection has not selected for a flawless organism, what kinds of adaptations organisms have developed to combat injury, and what kinds of adaptations organisms have developed that are viewed today as mental disorders,.

1. The major selective advantages of these characteristic is the fact that they are evolved defenses that our bodies have. Individuals with these characteristic more likely to successfully reproduce and produce healthy offspring than individuals without the characteristics because people without them would have little to no way, if any of ridding their bodies of foreign matter or bacteria. If the offspring of people without these defenses were to inheret their lack of defenses I imagine something like a common cold would be much harder on them than the people with the defenses.

The central purpose of this essay is to critically discuss the importance of understanding human evolution and the history of psychology for the modern psychologist. For the human evolution, the essay will be addressing on how we and other species descended from our ancestors and how the different environment has helped to us to become more adaptable. Regarding the history of psychology, the essay will be discussing on how psychology branched off from the philosophy approach to become its own science. The essay will then go on discussing how the understanding of both human evolution and history of psychology would be used by modern psychologist.

Human evolution is the gradual process in which people, or Homo sapiens, originated from apelike ancestors. Scientific evidence, particularly in the form of fossils and secondary remains, show that the physical and behavioral traits shared by all people evolved over a period of approximately six million years. Humans are primates. Both genetic and physical similarities show that humans and the great apes (large apes) of Africa, chimpanzees (including bonobos, or so-called “pygmy chimpanzees”) and gorillas share a common ancestor that lived between 8 and 6 million years ago. The volume of fossils found in Africa suggests that most evolution occurred there and is likely the place of origin for early humans. This brings to fruition the “out of Africa” theory, also called the “single-origin hypothesis.”

Humans have existed on Earth for approximately 3.4 million years. The oldest known human ancestor is "Lucy," an Australopithecus. Over this extensive period of time, humans have evolved significantly. Homo Sapiens have grown from 3 to almost 6 feet (average), lost most of the body hair, became leaner and adapted to walking. Humans have come a long way, from Australopithecus to Homo sapiens, from living in trees to living in cities. Slowly, through hundreds of thousands of years, we mutated over and over again, natural selection ensuring that no destructive mutations continue. From the slow evolution, four distinctive species emerged and died out, each giving way to its ' descendant: Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Sapiens Neanderthalesis, and Homo sapiens Sapiens.

Human evolution according to research started over 6 million years ago. The outcome of the evolution process is the current human beings. Scientific studies have revealed over the years a remarkable affinity between the chimpanzees/Apes and human beings. Even though this reality is not a definitive prove that human beings evolved from apes, it does show that the human beings are in one way or another related to other primates. Scientists suppose that the humans and the primates shared a common ancestor. The subject of what makes humans what they are and their origin has been the exclusive purpose leading to many scientific studies globally (Coolidge & Wynn, 2011). Studies believe that Africa was the origin of evolution millions of years ago. Fossil remains have been discovered in different parts of Africa as well as other regions of the world. Different hominins have been discovered around the world in the last 1 million years. Thus, the different discoveries have led to comparisons between the various species of hominins to clarify on their similarities as well as differences. This essay seeks to explain whether they were distinctively different species or regional versions of the same species.

Genetics' Effect on Medicine in the 21st Century Deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA, is present within every single cell in the human body and controls the production of different proteins. DNA can be thought of as the brain of every cell, it governs the operation of the body's cells and so determines whether the individual has good health or is ill. It is for this reason that the study of DNA generates such excitement in medical research, and offers such hope for the future identification and treatment of disease. Many would argue that the mapping of the human genome is one of the key scientific achievements; however, this knowledge is of no practical use because we aren't fully prepared to experiment