Summary Of Erikson's Psychosocial

Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, as articulated by Erik Erikson, in collaboration with Joan Erikson,[1] is a comprehensive psychoanalytic theory that identifies a series of eight stages, in which a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late adulthood. All stages are present at birth but only begin to unfold according to both a natural scheme and one's ecological and cultural upbringing. In each stage, the person confronts, and hopefully masters, new challenges. Each stage builds upon the successful completion of earlier stages. The challenges of stages not successfully completed may be expected to reappear as problems in the future.

According to her age Sarah fits into the age group of a preschool child. In Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development she would be experiencing the crisis of initiative

This paper will cover Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development and the age ranges that they cover. The paper will use Erikson’s stages of development to determine how and if they would be impacted when caregiving for a child with special needs impacts Erikson’s stages of development.

20 is a strange age, you don’t have the excuse of being a teenager to fall back on but people still treat you like a child. Since high school, I’ve been interested in psychology, a topic many people engage in because as humans, we all naturally try to learn more about ourselves as a whole, but also as individuals. Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development mark the eight points people go through from infancy to elder hood. Based on Erikson’s theory, twenty year olds are at the end of adolescence where we wonder who we are and what we can be, as well as being at the beginning of early adulthood where we have formed most of our identity but are also now trying to find love and where we fit into the world.

Laura comes from a single parent family. Her mother is a drug addict and she has never known her father. Laura is 14 and lives at home with her mother and younger sister. Laura frequently engages in anti-social behaviour and refuses to attend school, therefore, is educated at the Kibble 's education and care centre on a day release basis.

Erikson’s fourth psychosocial crisis is defined as “industry versus inferiority”. During this stage children attempt to perform more complex tasks, and they strive to master these skills. As a result, they develop a sense of either industrious or inferior, competent or incompetent. In order for a child to resolve the crisis, they are faced with mastering the developmental task. It is extremely crucial for the child to receive great support from both parents, and teachers during this crisis stage. Contrary to this, can cause a negative effect on a child’s ability to lifelong well-being.

Freud’s Theory : Freud believed that most human behavior is motivated by the unconscious mind.

Erikson’s Psychosocial Sages are: Basis vs. mistrust (oral) Birth-1 year- from warm, responsive care, infants gain a sense of trust, or confidence, that the world is good. Mistrust occurs when infants have to wait to long for comfort and handled harshly. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt (anal) 1-3 years- Using new mental and motor skills, children want to choose and decide for themselves. Autonomy is fostered when parents permit reasonable free choice and do not force or shame the child. Initiative vs. guilt (phallic)-3-6 years- Through make-believe play, children explore the kind of person they can become. Initiative- a sense of ambition and responsibility developments when parents support their child’s new sense of purpose. When parents demand

Zoe was about to begin her junior year at a new high school. She acted calm on the outside but on the inside her heart was pounding as she pulled into the parking lot to start her first day. She was always known for very outgoing but also had a quirky side. One of her biggest fears was not fitting in with the other girls at the school (1-Social Identity Theory, Haun 83). Hannah was a longtime family friend who also attended Baker high school. She was Zoe's key to meeting new people and becoming part of the popular group (2- Theory of Interpersonal Needs/Inclusion, Haun 114).

According to Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development from the ages of 12-18 adolescents are attempting to construct their identity; determining who they are, what they value, and where they fit in society (Berk, 2003, p. 314). For adolescents of color in the United States, this period of identity development takes place in an environment filled with what Young (2013, p. 43) called “the oppression of violence.” Young wrote that the oppression of violence affects both those who have been directly victimized and all members of target groups who live each day knowing that they may become the target of violence due to their group identity. Today’s students of color have every reason to believe that they may become the targets of violence. In 2013 Tamir Rice, a 13-year-old African-American boy, was shot and killed by a white police officer while playing in a park with a toy gun. The officer responsible never faced charges (Smith & Williams, 2015). In 2015 Ahmed Mohamed, a 14-year-old Muslim boy, brought a homemade clock to school to show his teacher. Mohamed was accused of bringing a bomb to school and was arrested. Mohamad’s family moved to Qatar for nine months due to the number of death threats the boy received (Victor, 2016). In 2016 Pedro Villanueva, a 19-year-old Latino man, was shot and killed in his car by undercover police officers who followed him as he left a street racing show (Queally & Parvini, 2016). The news is filled with stories of young people of color

Erik Erikson’s theory on human development provides the first insight into Meryl’s identity. Erikson’s theory divides the life of a person into eight stages of conflict; the outcome in each determine a trait of the person (Sharkey 1997). In Trust vs. Mistrust, Meryl did not get appropriate comfort fulfillment from her father or her babysitter; mistrust won and is seen in Meryl’s

As explained by Kozier et al., (2014), Mr. W.M falls into the growth and developmental stage of old-old adulthood, which ranges from 85-100 years old being that he’s 94 years old. In Erikson’s psychological theory, the client affiliates in the integrity versus despair stage. Positive indications of integrity reflects, acceptance of the worth and uniqueness of one’s own life and negative indications of despair reflects, acceptance of death, sense of loss, contempt for others as indicated in Kozier et al., (2014). The client discloses a lack of achievement in Erikson’s final maturity stage as he integrates into the negative resolution of despair. For this reason, the client never had any children and senses loss about his identity being homosexual

Both Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson created their own psychology development theory that shares many of the same things in common, but they are both unique from each other. According to Kendra Cherry (2017), in her article, Erikson vs. Freud’s Theories of Development, she states, “Erikson was influenced by Freud's ideas, Erikson's theory differed in a number of important ways. Like Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of predetermined stages. Unlike Freud’s theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson’s theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan” (Paragraph 1). Just like Sigmund Freud, Erikson also believed that human beings will have to go through different stages throughout their life. Both of the theorist created the important psychoanalytic into their theories, which can help explain human development for people to understand

When I was in high school, I used to babysit. After each job, I’d not only leave a little richer, I also left with some pretty funny stories. The kids always had some pretty interesting information to share with me. I had one tell me that he could talk to horses, and had another that was convinced that the tooth fairy lived in his closet. Although I find it funny now, when I was their age, I probably had some pretty crazy thoughts myself. This is account to the different stage we go through during our psychosocial development. In Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, we go through eight distinctive stages each with a crisis we must overcome. With successful completion of each stage resulting in a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues. These stages include Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry (competence) vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Role Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs. Stagnation, and Ego Integrity vs. Despair.

Erik Erikson was a German born, American developmental psychologist. He is known best for his theory of psychosocial development, and creating the phrase “identity crisis”. He practiced after Freud, adopting some and disagreeing with some of his theories.