Summary Of Rachel Gold's ConceivingPregnancy?

Just like Egnor and Fisher, many pro-life advocates feel passionately about their stance and some like Oliver Lindor fear ‘If personhood can be removed from preborn lives, what’s to stop us from removing it from others?” (Lindor, 2015). They feel as though a baby, a human life, is formed the second a sperm and ovum merge. On the other hand, feminists such as Marianna Karakoulaki contest this idea. She cites that the Universal Declaration of Human Rights has a clause which states “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights”. She puts emphasis on the fact that the clause says “born” not conceived. This issue is currently and will continue to be important to many people.

I am a firm believer that life is a gift from God, and that the creation of life in the womb is created by God when a man and a woman have engage in sexual intercourse. I also believe that there are times when babies are created at an inopportune time for the parents. This doesn’t mean that the life created was a mistake, I just think that there are times when partners may agree that they aren;t ready for the responsibility of raising a child. For example think of the baby that is created as a result of rape or incest, should the mother of the child be forced to give birth to the child? Although the life created is by God and should still be considered a blessing, what type of life would the child have if it’s mother has on desire to care for it, or if she isn’t mentally or finically unprepared to care for the child or herself.

Science tells us that from the moment of fertilization, a fetus is a human. Despite this, however, there is a swarm of controversy surrounding question, when does a fetus become a human? Many people believe that once a baby is conceived, it is considered a living human being. Many of these people believe that whether or not a fetus is a human is chiefly a scientific question. “The question as to when a human being begins is strictly a scientific question, and should be answered by human embryologists - not by philosophers, bioethicists, theologians, politicians, x-ray technicians, movie stars or obstetricians and gynecologists” (Irving). While Irving has a valid point in saying that whether or not a fetus is a human is a question mainly for

I don’t want to get involved in religion but that is not a human being. I’ve spoken to these eggs many times and they make it quite clear … they are not a human being.” Lewis believes that because these eggs don’t talk back to him, they aren’t human, but that isn’t true. The Bible addresses many things that prove that the unborn are human beings too. One thing the Bible does is address the unborn with human qualities. So if life begins at birth, then why do the unborn have the same qualities? In Luke 1:44, “For behold, when the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joy.” In the passage Elizabeth gives the baby in her womb the quality of joy. If life begins at birth, then the baby wouldn’t be able to feel joy because it's not alive. Another proof from the Bible is that Jesus was alive at the moment of conception. Matthew 1:20 says, “But when he had considered this, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, ‘Joseph, son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary as your wife; for the Child who has been conceived in her is of the Holy Spirit.’” The Lord sent one of his angels to Joseph and told him to take Mary as his wife because her son is of the Holy Spirit. None of this would have happened if the baby wasn’t truly alive. The Bible also uses personal pronouns to describe unborn children. If life begins at birth, then how is it possible to use “you” if they aren’t

The main indication of life is the dividing of cells, not long after it builds up a pulse. When fertilization happens, the ovum turns into a zygote, it now has its own unmistakable genetic makeup and is currently a different being from the mother. Legally a person is pronounced dead if their heart stops pulsating, in this way they are living when a heart begins to beat. A protest to Marquis statement is that, the embryo's future is not profitable to the baby since they don't yet have the capacity to value. It is demonstrated that fetus is able hear music and different sounds while they are developing, along these lines they are cognitive. Marquis additionally answers by saying one future can be significant regardless of the possibility that they don't value it right now, similar to a person who suffers from Chronic Depression. If the person suffers from mental illness, it doesn't mean they can not make a difference. In response to Thomson states "Similar things might be said about the development of an acorn into an oak tree, and it does not follow that acorns are oak trees." (Thomson, ). The oak seed argument, expresses that ovum resemble oak seed and that they don't all can possibly get to be oak trees, yet oak seeds are much similar to an ovum. An oak seed just develops on the off chance that they are treated by water and soil, ova must be fertilized by a sperm cell

However, the question frequently comes about regarding at which point of fetal development can the fetus be given “personhood.” The standard pro-life argument asserts the claim that life is present from the point of conception; a fetus possess similar physical characteristics to that of an infant such as a genetic codes that are necessary and sufficient conditions for being human, making the claims of abortion morally akin to murder. Mary Anne Warren and Judith Jarvis Thomson provide a pro-abortion argument, asserting that abortions do not take

Much of the ethical debate stemming from this topic lies with the issue of personhood. Personhood is a concept that defines what is it is that makes a person a “person”. There is no established criteria for this concept and it can vary depending on one’s belief. Patil, Dode & Ahirrao (2014), argue that the concept of personhood is the bridge that connects the fetus with the right to life. If one considers the fetus a person then ethically abortion is wrong. If the fetus is not a person then abortion is ethically acceptable. The issue on personhood mirrors the subjectivity of abortion debate.

The Church teaches that sexual intercourse has two overall meanings: The Unitive and Procreative Dimension. Unitive Dimension refers to the expression of love towards our spouse and the Procreative Dimension which is the bringing forth of life. The Church teaches that these two dimensions cannot be separated, and both must be accepted. Therefore, when we choose to abort a pregnancy, this is selfishness on our ends. Current society norms includes having intercourse because of the want and desire of it. However, the people whom participate in pregnancies do not want to accept the procreative dimension of

I think what I have trouble with is the age-old question of when life actually begins. Do they not think of the embryo as an actual baby? Medical and surgical abortion procedures are performed through the first trimester, or the first three months, or twelve weeks. Let's look at the development of the baby in the first twelve weeks. Six weeks into the pregnancy the embryo has a head, eyes, ears, and a heart with two chambers. Seven weeks the limb buds have grown into arms and legs. By eight weeks the eyes, ears, and head are growing and the face is developing. Fingers and toes can also be seen. Week nine see’s the external genitals appear and by week twelve they have fully differentiated to male or female genitals. So essentially by the end of the first trimester the embryo is fully formed. Dilation and curettage, (D&C), dilation and evacuation (D&E), and induction abortions are all performed through the first trimester or the first three months. All organs are fully developed at this time. Third term abortions are also referred to as late term abortions these are not legal in a number of states, mainly because there is a debate about when the fetus actually become viable to where it can live outside the mother's womb. The majority of medical professionals claim at 24 weeks the fetus is viable. Induction abortions and Dilation and Extraction (D&E) are the abortion

Unlike in England where the author says pregnancy is the result of a need to fill a hole in one’s life, here in the States it is most likely an accident caused by a lack of understanding of the dangers that come with not having proper knowledge or resources regarding

. One of the reasons why many scientists have chosen to define implantation as the beginning of pregnancy is because half of all zygotes do not survive beyond two weeks even if no action is taken to destroy them and so un-implanted zygotes are not considered necessarily viable (3). According to the Mayo Clinic, the morning-after pill prevents pregnancy from occurring because it does not terminate a developing zygote implanted on the uterine wall (1). According the American Bioethics Advisory Commission, preventing a zygote from implanting in the uterine lining, is technically abortion because life and pregnancy begin with conception (2). The American Heritage dictionary defines conception as the "formation of a viable zygote by the union of the male sperm and the female ovum; fertilization" (10). . Even this definition leaves room for interpretation about whether or not a zygote is viable, but for those who believe that every fertilized human egg is a human life, the debate here is identical to the debate over whether or not surgical abortion should be legal. It is a question of how human life is defined, when it begins, and under which circumstances, if any, it is permissible to end it. In polls, most Americans have demonstrated a preference for earlier abortions over later ones (7). For those who see more shades of gray in such matters, the question becomes, is the morning-after pill a better, more humane, and safer option, than

The first issue often debated concerning abortion is the status of the fetus, and at what point in human development does a fetus become a person. This question can only be answered by understanding and defining what it is to be a person or personhood. Mary Anne Warren responses to this topic in “On The Moral and Legal State of Abortion and Postscript Infanticide” where Warren believes that a

These arguments are doubtful because women in the contemporary society have different opportunities to plan the birth of the child. Contemporary methods of contraception give women good chances to plan their future pregnancy and to avoid undesirable pregnancy. Some specialists believe that abortion contradicts to the American Constitution, which guarantees the right for life to all citizens of the country. According to the latest research life of the child starts after fertilization and this way abortion becomes a murder of the human creature. There are debates about the time which should be considered the start of the human life. Till recent time the most common opinion was that the birth of the child is a start of human life. At the present moment more and more people turn to the opinion that human life starts earlier than the child is born. Specialists believe that the process of fertilization give a beginning to new life. This way during the abortion human creatures are killed and this can be regarded as a crime.

exact moment of when the baby is considered alive. Some of the answers include: the moment the umbilical cord is cut and the baby is breathing on its own, after the first trimester, and from the moment of conception. “Since the nineteenth century, the official doctrine of the Church has been that ensoulment (life) occurs at the moment of conception” (Ayd 49). It was Pope Paul VI who insisted “that from the moment of conception life must be guarded with the greatest care and that direct abortion is morally wrong” (Ayd 49). However, no one really knows when the actually time of life begins and people will continue to argue against each other with

Physicians, biologists, and other scientists agree that conception marks the beginning of the life of a human being—a being that is alive and is a member of the human species. There is overwhelming agreement on this point in countless medical, biological, and scientific writings.