Houten (1993) identified using non-contingent stimulation to produce satiation as one way to reduce the frequency of self-injurious behavior maintained by automatic positive reinforcement. Houten noted that, “the use of eliminating behavior maintained by automatic reinforcement is the use of a sensory extinction procedure (Houten, 1993, p.202).” Similarly, Mason (1990) used sensory – integrative therapy to deliver multisensory stimulation through non-contingent access to auditory, kinesthetic, vestibular, tactile, and visual stimulation. The data collected during the basline provided noted that the sensory-integrative therapy may effect individual in different ways. Whereas, Demanche and Chok (2012) noted that the combination of the wrist weights
1. describes how a range of factors have a negative and positive impact on individuals with sensory loss.
When William Faulkner accepted his Nobel Prize in Literature on December 10, 1950 in Stockholm, Sweden, he mentioned an idea -the writer’s duty- which he describes as writing about “the courage and honor and hope and pride and compassion and pity and sacrifice” mankind has been through. Authors write to remind man of the troubles, the sorrows, and the accomplishments and so he can live on. Are The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls and An American Childhood by Annie Dillard examples of the writer’s duty?
Comparing a Brief Self-as-Context Exercise to Control-Based and Attention Placebo Protocols for Coping with Induced Pain are two analogue studies that were conducted on college students.This study was conducted due to the large amounts of research that is dedicated to understanding commitment therapy and diagnostic approach based on a unified model of human functioning that promotes psychological flexibility. (ACT; Hayes et al. 2012).It examines the relative impact of a brief exercise for enhancing the contextual self on pain tolerance by comparing it to control-based and attention-placebo protocols. It
Shenai, N. G., & Bijlani, J. N. (2013, May 1). Effect of supplemental sensory stimulation program as an adjunct to developmental support program in high-risk infants. The Indian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45(2), 21-27. Retrieved from http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:
Auditory Processing Disorders, also known as Central Processing Disorders, are difficulties in the processing of auditory information in the central nervous system. The definition for an Auditory Processing Disorder is frequently changing and evolving. According to ASHA standards in 2005, a “central processing disorder refers to difficulties in the perceptual processing of auditory information in the central nervous system and the neurobiological activity that underlies the processing and gives rise to the electrophysiological auditory potentials (ASHA 2005).” Recent evidence has declared auditory processing disorders to be a legitimate clinical disorder resulting from confirmation of the link between well-defined lesions of the central nervous system and deficits on behavioral and electrophysiological central auditory measures (Musiek, F. Journal of American Academy of Audiology). An individual is likely to perform normally in tests including clicks and tones, rather than speech. There is a significant difference between the receptors for audition and speech processing. It is imperative that these disorders are diagnosed and treated early in a child’s development to eliminate developmental negative consequences.
Animal-assisted interventions can also be integrated into existing models of treatment for ASD by using animals for components that traditionally target sensory and affective arousal (Berry et al., 2013). The Denver Model is a therapy technique used by occupational therapists that integrates applied behavioral analysis with treatments to target developmental and relationship deficits, which also includes interventions to treat sensory issues. They suggest that therapy dogs are suitable for integration in this model because they provide a multisensory stimulus that incorporates an emotional bond and a sensory experience. The authors also recognize that because of the variances in symptoms of children diagnosed with ASD, highly individualized treatment programs must be created to accommodate multiple levels of sensory sensitivity. More research is needed to determine how children with different levels of sensory sensitivity respond to different animal therapies, potentially though using a comparative study. Perhaps children who are hypersensitive would respond better to an intervention with a dog, rather than a horse. Overall, available research indicates that therapy dogs are also a potential method for providing sensory experiences for children with
They define a sense of self as sensory signals connected to different body parts and define a vestibular system as a “gravitational reference for control of body posture” (Ferre, Lopez, & Haggard, 2014). Within this experiment, 18 healthy participants had carbon electrodes placed over each of their mastoid processes. Employing an artificial form of vestibular stimulation called galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS), participants underwent three conditions through block randomization. These conditions consisted of right-anodal/left cathodal GVS, left-anodal/right cathodal GVS, and sham stimulation. Using a cotton swab, experimenters traced a random letter, b, d, p, or, q, on the participant’s forehead, beginning with the letter’s stem.
Repetitive TMS (rTMS), involves repeated application of TMS pulses, may facilitate or suppress brain activity with variable behavioral effects. Research generally shows that the functional effects of rTMS on cortical excitability depend on stimulation intensity, frequency and the overall stimulation pattern. It appears that rTMS repeated at fixed high-frequency intervals (> 4 Hz) increase cortical excitability, while stimuli repeated at low-frequency (~ 1Hz) decrease it. The possibility of varying rTMS parameters (intensity, pattern, duration) makes the potential effects and therapeutic outcomes even more unpredictable (6). Furthermore, the effectiveness of rTMS may be influenced by the nature of the underlying pathological
To compare the effects of music therapy with general day activities in reducing agitation in people with dementia, residing in nursing homes.
As mentioned above, Sensory Integration therapy is a great idea to help facilitate sensory awareness and gross and fine motor activities. Those can all be completed in a one on one or group settings, making SI therapy an appropriate option for Miles’ third goal of provide an opportunity for social development and development of play behaviour in the community. The group setting will provide him with an opportunity to meet individuals that are similar to himself. The presence of a therapist or therapist assistant is also a resource that can be used to help correct any poor social conduct interaction that Miles may display.
It sounds like you have a fascinating practicum, I also like the fact that Post allows us to continue our practicum at the same place. With the heroin and opiate epidemic going on throughout the country, the type of groups you will be fasicaliting will ensure families are educated on how to support and assist family members. I’m an advocate of harm reduction, and I wish we had more programs centered around this treatment method. As our reading indicated the use of integrated approaches to counseling are used more now, and are proven effective (Geldard & Geldard, 2012). Furthermore research has proven using one method has been ineffective therefore, integrative treatment methods should be used as well.
This paper will explore two alternative methods of behavioral therapies that do not involve PE and evaluate each treatment plan in terms of methodology and success rates.
Among the many different psychotherapy modalities that were introduced during our course of study, exposure therapy, cognitive therapy, and behavior therapy intrigued me the most. Each therapy entails unique concepts and have their own strengths and weaknesses. Unlike medical prescription, clinicians shall always tailor and consider combining different psychotherapy modalities based on the patient’s need.
(Brief introduction to what the organization is (or part of organization) and which sector it operates in.)
Criminal law and justice is a broad discipline that deals with the study of laws and law enforcement. Making your career in criminal law permits the people to help in making their surroundings safe and secure. By studying this discipline, students get the opportunity to explore the sociological and historical aspects of different types of laws. Once you obtain qualification in the field of criminal law, it can open doors for a wide range of career opportunities such as police officer, criminologist, private investigator, FBI agent, crime scene investigator, forensic scientist, legal professional, criminal psychologist and others.