Summary: Prenatal Testing Should Not Be Mandatory

I think that everybody should do a genetic test at a very early age in order to know what is going on with their genes. Even if a genetic test is positive, a genetic counselor, doctor, or other health care professional trained in genetics can help an individual or family understand their test results. These professionals can also help explain the incidental findings that a test may yield, such as a genetic risk factor for a disease that is unrelated to the reason for administering the test, so they can clarify the implications of test results for other family members. Doing a genetic test is crucial because on an expanded panel, certain cancer can be entirely reversed with an early intervention like dietary

Many people have a negative outlook on prenatal genetic testing but that is because they are not educated on the goals

Prenatal testing includes screening and diagnostic testing that can provide valuable information to parents about the baby’s health. “Women are routinely offered a variety of genetic screening tests during their first three months of pregnancy to evaluate the risk for genetic disorders in their unborn baby” (livescience.com). I believe prenatal testing and counseling should not be mandatory and that each person needs to make their own decision based on their specific circumstances. Many prenatal tests are noninvasive and only require blood or urine and can test for HIV, anemia, diabetes, hepatitis B and preeclampsia. An ultrasound can also be used to detect some abnormalities with the baby. Doctors may strongly recommend that women who

The prenatal period is when quick changes in the fetal organs are vulnerable to organizing change and stability but also building internal working system to trigger emotional responses (McEwen et al. 2013). It is a critical time for brain development and the PFC (McEwen et al. 2013). It exposes a selection of long -term modifications on brain development and behaviour (Entringer et al. 2009). Prenatal exposure to stress affects hormones in the body including the physiology and anatomy that relate to increasing drug levels, cortical communication and more (Entringer et al. 2009). Fetal stress is any event that interrupts a fetal process in stability in the body. (Entringer et al. 2009). During pregnancy, maternal stress impends the fetal nervous system and shortens the length of maturation due to many issues and concerns affecting the mother (Entringer et al. 2009). During pregnancy, maternal psychosocial stress threatens the fetal nervous system and contracts the length of gestation (Entringer et al. 2009). High levels of placental corticotrophin- releasing hormone

In Improvements in Prenatal Genetic Testing Raise Ethnic Issues, R. J. Crayton produced an article about prenatal testing and whether or not parents should be allowed to have these tests done. First the situation of a high risk baby who will have a disability or defect after birth, so the parents decide to abort the child is being viewed as an inequality to the disabled community. Secondly, certain adoptions are put on hold since the biological parents chose to not carry the unborn child through the entire pregnancy, however, the surrogate mother wants to carry the child through the entire term. Lastly, research shows that the results can be a false positive, so unintentionally the parents decide not to keep the unknown, but healthy baby.

The question about whether pregnant women are liable for subjecting their unborn children to risk has yet to be properly addressed. One state South Carolina has been on the forefront of this issue. The Supreme Court in South Carolina in 1997 in the case Whitner vs. South Carolina decided that pregnant women who exposed their viable fetuses may be persecuted under the state child abuse laws. This action was specifically targeting women who use illegal drugs during pregnancy. Since this decision, other states like Arizona and Florida are following suit. In South Carolina, the Medical University of South Carolina Hospital routinely tested the urine of pregnant women for

The purpose of the document is to explain the benefits of prenatal genetic counselling, procedures and tests used to find genetic abnormalities, and what to do with the information received through genetic counseling.

All women should be offered genetic testing during child-bearing years. It may be done before pregnancy or during pregnancy.

The amount and scope of testing newborns is increasing as time goes on, should they be tested for other traits? Some traits that might be available to be tested for in is traits linked to alcoholism, heart problems, and how smart you can be when you are older. Baby's shouldn't be tested for these traits because it can worry the parents, it would set the child to a certain level they can't achieve or want to reach any higher but are told they can't, and also tell you how you are going to live you life by predicting/telling you traits of certain disease and personality traits.

The testing is not a bad idea as such but it should not be done to children. This regards to personal autonomy where it would be better if the testing is delayed until an individual is old enough to make his or her own decision about the test. A person’s genetic information should be private and counselling should be done to elucidate the basis for and consequences of the test in question. Individuals should be allowed to choose when and which

I think it is required mostly,because of some deceases and medical conditions that prevent some woman from having babies,is the very reason they are infertile.

Yes, everyone loves baby and enjoyed their pregnancy well most of everyone has. Having a baby can be very costly when a women finds out she is having a baby the first thing is to make sure your fetus is health and what ways can you keep it and you healthy. Prenatal cost is one of the first things purchase during a pregnancy, with some type of health coverage the cost can get token care of. Sometimes health plans foot half the bill so money out of your pocket will not be much. Having health coverage overall is a very important to have it is a nationwide law now that all people should have it. Prenatal care can cost up to $2,000 without health care you can buy a car with that, my first car cost $1,870 and I had money left over for other expenses.

The most obvious risk associated with prenatal risk assessment is that the measures used might not actually make a definitive diagnosis. For instance, blood tests and ultrasounds are routine tests, which physicians may take lightly. The results of such screening tests are also not definitive and may not discover specific health risks in fetuses. Also, there is the risk of misinterpretation, especially if an incompetent and poorly trained person reads the ultrasounds.

Some parents say that the tests are important to family-planning, while some of the others say that they don’t like the tests because they are sometimes used for research. Those thoughts are their beliefs on the matter and more people also think that the tests will lead to unnecessary testing and treatments for babies who wouldn’t have gotten sick at all. I believe all of those

Jackie and Michael are expecting their first baby. Jackie is 32 years old and is in good health. She is 15 weeks pregnant and wants to do everything possible to ensure a healthy baby. Even though they do not have risk factors within their families, she and Michael decide to have an amniocentesis.