Summary: The Central Dialectic Of Phycological Trauma

Hundreds of thousands of United States veterans are not able to leave the horrors of war on the battlefield (“Forever at War: Veterans Everyday Battles with PTSD” 1). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the reason why these courageous military service members cannot live a normal life when they are discharged. One out of every five military service members on combat tours—about 300,000 so far—return home with symptoms of PTSD or major depression. According to the Rand Study, almost half of these cases go untreated because of the disgrace that the military and civil society attach to mental disorders (McGirk 1). The general population of the world has to admit that they have had a nightmare before. Imagine not being able to sleep one

Today, hundreds of thousands of service men and women and recent military veterans have seen combat. Many have been shot at, seen their buddies killed, or witnessed death up close. These are types of events that can lead to Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder ("Post Traumatic Stress Disorder PTSD: A Growing Epidemic. “) Anyone that has gone through a traumatic event can be diagnosed with PTSD but research shows, military men and women are more susceptible to having PTSD (PTSD: A Growing Epidemic.) And, with little help from the US, many Veterans do not get the help they need or get treated for PTSD. Military men and women begin to

The government is not doing all they can to help returning vets, it is incredibly hard and stressful to get treatment, it is woefully underfunded, it doesn 't have the proper classification so therefore treatment is not as accessible. It seems as if the U.S. Government is struggling to pay attention to PTSD treatment, because it may bring the ailment into the public eye, and the Military might suffer in morale and number of volunteers, due to people not wanting the risk of PTSD. The thing about the military is that, “No one teaches anybody had to deal with that. And it also gets back to the, in the military it 's the John Wayne mentality of you don 't show emotion. You 're not allowed to admit that you 're sad or upset or anything ever. It 's not manly.”(Beer Is Cheaper 51:23)

The video I chose to watch was “The Wounded Platoon”. The population related to this video that faces difficulties in terms of access to health care are United States veterans. This video specifically mentions veterans of the Third Platoon, who were deployed to fight during the Iraq War. One overarching difficulty this population has in terms of access to health care is a lack of wanting to come forward. One soldier stated that those who came forward with symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) feared ridicule. PTSD is very stigmatized, especially in the military, where it is stated that coming forward with symptoms of PTSD could be considered “a sign of weakness”. Many veterans claimed they did not need help and reported no mental duress. However, it was shown that many of these veterans were self-medicating. It was stated that there was an over three thousand percent increase in Fort Carson soldiers failing drug tests after the Iraq War.

These words left the pen of judge Stephen Reinhardt two years ago from the 9th circuit court of appeals on a case of veterans against the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA); The dispute for a veterans right to healthcare is still raging. The United States is facing a larger population of veterans every year, who suffer from a number of debilitating ailments, and finding itself with less means to take care of them. The VA is allowing health assessments go unnoticed for years due to lack of funding. Without this necessary treatment veterans who suffer from mental disorders like depression, anxiety or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) will build up tension and develop a risk for breakdowns which can cause not only mental, but physical damage to themselves and their community. These valiant men and women deserve proper treatment by means of formal evaluation, cognitive therapy, and monitored medication. Our service members have been promised treatment and it is our obligation as a country is to ensure it is

PTSD is defined as an "anxiety disorder that can occur after you have been through a traumatic event. A traumatic event is something horrible and scary that you see or happens to you” (United States). In these types of events one can feel that they are not in control of what is going on around them and may feel helpless or in great danger. The Department of Veterans Affairs has listed various life threatening events that can evolve into PTSD. These events include but are not limited to "Combat or Military exposure, child sexual or physical abuse, terrorist attacks, sexual or physical assault, serious accidents, such as a car wreck, natural disasters, such as a fire, tornado, hurricane, flood, or earthquake” (United States).

It took me to the National Center for PTSD page. The first thing that you see on the page is the header “What is PTSD?”. I learned that Post Traumatic stress disorder can happen after you have been through one or a series of traumatic events or situations. A traumatic event can be described as something really scary or terrifying that you usually go through, hear about, or something that you see. For example it could be something like sexual/physical abuse, or assault. Being in a car accident. Going through combat or even being exposed to combat. During any of these events, or many more, you usually feel as if you and/or other peoples lives are in harms way. You feel overwhelmed and have no control over anything that is happening. (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs) This website states that “ Most people have some stress-related reactions after a traumatic event; but, not everyone gets PTSD. If your reactions don 't go away over time and they disrupt your life, you may have PTSD.” (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs) Secondly, the website goes over the topic of how PTSD develops and the symptoms of PTSD. The way that PTSD develops depends on a lot of different things. The website says that these things are : How intense the trauma was or how long it lasted. If you were injured or lost someone important to you. How close you were to the event. How strong your reaction was. How much you felt in control of events, and lasty how much help and support you got

It is one thing for the veteran to be diagnosed, be willing to seek treatment, and find support from his family and friends. It is another thing for them to return home only to be judged by the very same people that he trusts and loves. This will make it more difficult to accept and seek treatment due to feelings of shame. Over time these symptoms may get worse, leading the veteran to feel that they would rather die than to go on enduring another day feeling the way they do. The trauma they have been through increases their risk of suicide (Finley 2011). These outcries must not be ignored. The veteran realizes that they are hurting those they love, but cannot control their outbursts and

“Treatment for PTSD is usually based on a combination of therapy and medication to manage symptoms”(SocialChoice). Some veterans may be embarrassed to get help. Group therapy is a good option for these people. During “group therapy members of the service talk about the trauma they have been through. They also learn skills to cope or manage their symptoms of PTSD”(military.com). Family and couples therapy is also an

PTSD can affect people in different ways due to the circumstance they went through, for example, “a young woman gets mugged and hit over the head with a pipe. Years later, she is still afraid to go out at night by herself. She has trouble making friends and she is slow to trust people. She has gotten several warnings at work for missing days; sometimes she just can’t seem to get out of bed. A former soldier, when he finally sleeps, finds himself back on the dusty roads of Afghanistan. He awakes in a panic and struggles futilely to return to sleep. Days are hardly better. The rumble of garbage trucks shatters his nerves. Flashbacks come unexpectedly, at the whiff of certain cleaning chemicals. He is imprisoned in his own mind” (Brainline,

PTSD is defined as mental health disorder triggered by a terrifying event (Mayoclinic). This ordeal could be the result of some sort of physical harm or threat to the individual, family members, friends or even strangers. (NIMH) While PTSD is typically associated with someone who has served in the military, it can affect more than just that genre of individuals. It could affect rape victims, victims in a terrorist or natural disaster incident, nurses,

In the past, veterans who disclosed suffering from signs of PTSD encountered a great deal of ignorance and bias. According to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (n.d.), veterans who had the illness were often considered weak, were rejected by comrades, and even faced discharge from military service. In fact, even physicians and mental health specialists often questioned the existence of the disease, which of course led to society’s misconception of PTSD in general. Sadly because of this existing prejudice it appears even today soldiers are still worried to admit having PTSD symptoms, and therefore they do not receive the proper support they need. While individuals are assured that their careers will not be affected, and seeking help is encouraged, most soldiers see it as a failure to admit having a mental health illness (Zoroya, 2013). Educating military personal of this illness, and making sure no blame is put on the veterans who encounter this disease is therefore vital.

The National Institute of Mental Health (2016) defines PTSD as “a disorder that develops in some people who have experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event”. Both the United States department of Veterans Affairs, and the National Institute of Mental health have similar definitions regarding what PTSD is and how to treat it. In most cases PTSD symptoms begin showing within three months of when the initial incident occurred. However, in some cases, they can begin years after the traumatizing event, often being triggered by an outside entity. For an individual to be diagnosed with PTSD they must meet a specific set of criteria. To be diagnosed with PTSD a person must suffer from symptoms such as re-experiencing the event, avoidance, arousal and reactivity (trigger re-experience event), and cognition and mood symptoms (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). All of these symptoms must be present in a client for at least one month before being diagnosed with PTSD.

Individuals with PTSD persistently re-experience their traumatic event in their thoughts, perceptions, imagery, dreams, illusions, hallucinations, and flashbacks. They may experience intense physiological distress or reactivity to cues of the traumatic event. These individuals persistently avoid any stimuli associated with the traumatic event and use other mechanisms to cope with any situation or cue that recalls or contradicts their emotional or cognitive responses to the traumatic event (American Psychiatric Association [DSM-IV-TR], 2000). Individuals with PTSD also experience persistent symptoms of increased arousal, such as irritability and difficulty concentrating. These disturbances can cause significant distress in social life, the work place, and family systems. According to the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-IV-TR), in order for individuals to be diagnosed with PTSD they must experience disturbances and symptoms for more than one month (2000). Symptoms can be specified as acute (less than 3 months), chronic (3 months or more), or with delayed onset; in which onset starts 6 months after the actual stressor (DSM-IV-TR, 2000).

     PTSD affects about 5.2 million adult Americans. Women are more likely than men to develop this disorder. It can occur at any age, including childhood, and there is some evidence that shows PTSD may run in families. The disorder is often accompanied by depression, substance abuse, or one or more other anxiety disorders.