Summary: The Transtheoretical Model

Prochaska & DiClemente’s (1984) research suggests the Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is effective and has an impact in health promotion. The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change is becoming a more popular and widely used resource for health promotion; this is because it can be applied with a number of addictive behaviours such as smoking, drug use and alcohol abuse (Whitelaw, et al, 2000). The Prochaska & DiClemente’s model of change has six stages these include, Pre contemplation this is when the patient is not seriously considering change, Contemplation This is when the patient is thinking about change, Preparation when the

Another model, Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change is a biopsychosocial model that suggests six stages of behavior change. The stages included in this model are pre-contemplation, contemplation, determination/preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse of batterers. This model is usually used to help individuals overcome addictive behaviors. The first stage, pre-contemplation, is the stage in which batterers cannot admit their problem when it comes to violence. Batterers will claim their actions are against their partner was a normal reaction. (Alexander & Morris, 2008; Popescu et al., 2009). In the second stage, contemplation, individuals slowly arrive at the conclusion that they have a problem and reflect the benefits to changing their actions. Determination/preparation is the stage in which individuals determine how they will approach solving the issue or decide on the best course of action. The action stage is when the individuals are heavily involved in the changing process. The final stage of the trans-theoretical model is maintenance, which is when the individual is tries to prevent reverting back to their previous behaviors. Individuals must try to sustain all of the advancements and change they have made to their behaviors throughout the process (Popescu et al.,

The Transtheoretical Model does not only consist of the stages of change. Self-efficacy, or one’s self confidence in engaging in action, also plays a huge factor in this theory. A person is less likely to engage in a positive health behavior if there self-efficacy is low. Decision balance is the balancing of pros and cons towards the behavior change the person takes into account. In early stages, such as precontemplation and contemplation, cons outweigh the pros, and a behavior change is unlikely. In contrary, the pros outweigh the cons in the later stages. Throughout all stage of the Transtheoretical Model, there are situational temptations, which are external triggers that can cause a person to relapse. These include negative emotions associated with the behavior change such as anger or sadness, and social

When using both TTM and SCT together preventative programs can become more successful. This article has expanded my knowledge about the Transtheoretical Model as well as the Social Cognitive Theory. I participated in a similar preventative program and at that time I didn’t realize the process of change that I was going through. I also didn’t realize that I was learning by observing the behaviors of others. I now see that the TTM and SCT are very important when understanding and monitoring behavior

To sum it up, it is evident that Transtheoretical Model of change would create positive impacts in regard to transformation of alcohol addicts while helping them to have positive behavioral changes. Transtheoretical theory of change helps a patient to undergo a series of changes over time as they end up their behavior. The ultimate goal of this model is to ensure that any patient has terminated the behavior that compromises their health. The theory is also helpful as it provides an opportunity for a patient to have decisional balance for their behavior while promoting self efficacy at the same time.

The individual in the preparation stage is ready to make a change within the next 30 days. This individual has developed a plan and is ready for an action-oriented program such as smoking cessation or weight loss. Action is the next stage in the TTM model. This is the stage where the individual has actually made modifications; gotten off the couch and exercising. The action is observable and measurable. “This stage is where all those small steps, small choices, and mini sacrifices make a huge difference,” notes Larsen (Larsen, 2007). Individuals in this stage benefit from emotional and physical support, and from having people around them recognize their progress and help keep them accountable. When an individual reaches the

The transtheoretical model is a widely used concept with the intent of producing a behavioral change of an individual. This model is a gradual process that requires the initiative of the person realize the issue and make steps towards accomplishing his/her goal. This model encompasses six stages: Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance, and Termination. In the pre-contemplation stage the pregnant/non-pregnant woman has no intent to take action possibly due to unsuccessful attempts in the past or being uninformed (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997). A pregnant or non-pregnant woman in the pre-contemplation stage may have a strong addiction to smoking and engages in the behavior as a coping

I was in the pre-contemplation stage of the transtheoretical model. Before I knew it, I was addicted to the fries! Once I realized the problem I had created for myself, I transitioned into the contemplation stage. I thought about how bad fries are and how much weight I had gained since I had started working at Applebee’s. I began considering a change in my behavior.

The whole idea behind the transtheoretical theory is that people change for different reasons. Some are ready to change at different times than others. It is important to note that this model is considered circular and people tend to move back and forth through these stages (Pekmezi, Barbera, Marcus, 2010).

The transtheoretical model focuses on the process involved in changing problems, instead of solely focusing on the problems, and is concerned with identifying where patients are on the trajectory of the stages of change and assessing their motivation to advance through the stages. Social work clinicians can employ motivational interviewing, which is an evidence-based intervention within this theory, to work with patients as they learn to change their unhealthy behaviors and improve their physical and behavioral health. A limitation of this model pertains to its focus on consciousness decision-making instead of sufficiently addressing that deeply embedded behaviors automatic reactions, that do not incorporate conscious decision-making (Langer

The Transtheoretical Model or Stages of Change is a model that integrates biological, psychological and social influences that analyzes the process of intentional behavioral changes, Prochaska, DiClemente and Norcross (1992). This model incorporates six stages of an individual’s behavior which focuses on the decision making of the individual. The six stages are: Pre-Contemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Maintenance and Relapse. According to Prochaska, DiClemente and Norcross (1992) the process is cyclical and operates on the assumption that people do not change behaviors quickly instead habitual behaviors occurs continuously through this cyclical process.

Moreover, it evaluates an individual’s willingness to achieve new healthier behavior. The transtheoretical model provides phases and strategies for changing practices, and it guides people through stages of alteration. The stages of changing begin with an inactive phase, into getting ready, then determination phase, follows by actual change, and end with maintenance. The combination of these components should have a high probability of producing positive outcomes relative to alter harmful behaviors to healthy

The stages include pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance. In the pre-contemplation stage, the individual is not considering change. Contemplation stage, the individual is ambivalent about change. Preparation stage, the individual is planning to change. Action stage, the individual is practicing the new desired beahviour, finally in the maintenance stage, the individual is committed to the behaviour and will try to continue practicing it. Relapse is likely to occur, if this happens the individual would return to the earlier stages and try again. This cycle is repeated until behaviour change attempts are successful (Davies 2011). Self efficacy has an effective impact on whether or not the individual is likely to change their unhealthy behaviour. Self efficacy refers to confidence in one's ability to change a behaviour (Davies 2011). Research suggests that individuals high in self efficacy are more resilient to relapse compared to those with low self efficacy.realistic goal setting is one method used to build self efficacy (Knols et al

According to Prochaska &Velicer (1997) the Trans theoretical model is a process of behavior changes through-six stages of change: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. The populations I work with are sexual violent predators, this Thranstheoretical models is implemented on their treatment plan. The first stage is the most difficult in this population, most are in denial. The pre-contemplation stage is unwilling or not unaware of a problem behavior, this stage is often the challenge I face daily with this population. Working with the next change of pre-contemplation is getting ready, now acknowledging there is a problematic behaviors that needs changing. As a doctoral researcher, the TTM is beneficial

TTM model can be described as a series of phases where time and progress is of the essence when it comes the changing of one’s behavior(Book). In my article this is appearnt as the focus is on the steps it takes in order to become a Vegan. When looking to change behaviors, attitudes, and actions everything has to be done in steps. When looking to cross over from unhealthy to healthy you have to first mentally prepare yourself for the changes you are going to be experiencing, This shows as the article talks about the different stages of change such as behavior, contemplation,maintence and finally termination(Mendeez, E 2013). This model fits well with this article because it shows that there has to be process in place in order to even get