Summary: Therapeutic Exercise

When we observe the demographics of today¡¦s society, we notice that there is quite a change in the average age, as well as life expectancy. In 1993, the average life expectancy rose to an amazing 75.5 years, with women living an average of 79 years and men living an average of 72 years (Hawkins, 1996, p. 4). With this gradual rise in age, the idea of therapeutic recreation for the aging population has taken on a significant role. Therapeutic recreation uses recreation and leisure activities to meet the needs of people in order to improve their quality of life. These needs include social, physical, cognitive, emotional, and spiritual. The experience of engaging in recreation is perceived to have therapeutic benefits. Engaging in

Physical therapy and kinesiology work in a close relationship to each other. Essentially one may think they are one in the same, however there are small differences between the two that provide different results when applied singularly. As a combined effort physical therapy and kinesiology work to heal the muscles and joints of the body, recreating movements perfectly as they were before injury or in some cases as closely as one can get to a perfect function. First one must understand where the lone is drawn between the two fields and how they balance each other to create desirable results in a patient.

Some hypothesize that moderate levels of exercise will decrease the symptoms of mental health conditions (Blumenthal et al., 2007; Diaz & Motta, 2008; Motta, Kuligowski, & Marino, 2010; Rosenbaum, Nguyen, Lenehan, Tiedemann, van der Ploeg, & Sherrington, 2011) and therefore be used as an alternative or complimentary treatment option for mental health (Libby, Pilver, & Desai, 2012).

PET is the only method that can detect and display metabolic changes in tissue, distinguish normal tissue from those that are diseased, such as in cancer, differentiate viable from dead or dying tissue, show regional blood flow, and determine the distribution and

In our study: statistically, the extent of agreement between dynamic contrast MRI and histopathological staging was almost perfect (κ =0.880) and highly significant (P = 0.001), which is higher compared to the study done by Gupta N. and his colleagues on 60 patients, that resulted in good agreement equals (κ =0.690) and

The radiologist report says, “the appearance is suspicious for malignancy, and further evaluation with PET CT is recommended.” The report on the PET scan states that the cardiophrenic mass had increased FDG uptake; the smaller nodules did not. The accuracy of this type of scan is limited on nodules under one centimeter, which many of them were on this patient. Due to this, it was undetermined if there was metastasis or not. It was also found on the PET scan that one of the patient’s ovaries was enlarged and had some FDG uptake there as well. A pelvic ultrasound was recommended as this was a concern for an ovarian

In nuclear medicine diagnosing techniques, a very small amount of radioactive material is introduced into the body. Because medical isotopes are attracted to specific organs, bones or tissues, the emissions they produce can provide crucial information about a particular type of cancer or disease. Information gathered during a nuclear medicine technique is more comprehensive than other imaging procedures because it describes organ function, not just structure. The result is that many diseases and cancers can be diagnosed much earlier.

Therapeutic recreation has been a long-time and frequently used form of healing for many people, including individuals who are elderly, disabled, or have a form of mental illness (Carter & Van Andel, 2011). It was only a short time ago, in the twentieth century, that therapeutic recreation was recognized as a crucial component in health care (Carter & Van Andel, 2011). Therapeutic recreation has a variety of benefits that vary for many age groups. There is outdoor therapeutic recreation for young children who have down syndrome, an example would be swimming, as this is quite beneficial not only to the young age group, but to the older age group as well. These benefits include physical skills, cognitive skills, behavioural issues, and many more. This essay will discuss these specific particularly within the elderly age group.

The PET-CT carries an important role in defining the disease extent in locoregional recurrence and treatment decision for advanced breast cancer. (20-21)

MSKCC radiologist use state of the art imaging technology to detect cancer while the pathologists have unsurpassed experience in using advances methods to accurately diagnose cancer. This type of Innovative technology allows precise diagnosis and staging of the disease. Furthermore, it is easier to determine whether a specific form of treatments is working or not. In this case, physicians can therefore shift the treatment or consider alternative methods of treatment.

Follow up CT, MRI, or PET scans are employed to determine the size of the tumor, the extent of local invasion, and if distant metastasis has already occurred11. This is particularly important because, although all ATC cases are considered Stage IV cancers, the severity of metastasis dictates the course of treatment. Stage IVA cancers are limited to the thyroid and are often treated with surgical resection, if possible. This is followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy9,11. For most patients, however, the cancer is unresectable. As such, clinicians typically shift their focus towards a combination of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and palliative care to improve the quality of

Recreational Therapy is based off of recreational exercises which are meant to aid areas in which a client requires help. These areas can be health related, addiction, motivation, attitudes and social comfort. For all careers to be successful there must be competition which results in ideals being debated and exchanged. This exchange of beliefs and ideas leads to improvement. improvement is key when it comes to the health and wellbeing of a client of a recreational therapist. Information needs to be exchanged in order for the advancement of therapeutic recreation. In this analysis several forums will be discussed, topics are related to motivation, attitudes and social comfort of volunteers during therapeutic recreation programs, benefits of exercise/leisure activities and awareness of social anxiety and other disorders.

Furthermore, WBRT, positron-emission computed tomography (PET-CT) showed multiple suspicious lesions in both lungs as well as in spleen. In the liver solitary FDG avid lesion highly suspicious of metastatic foci was visible. Fig 2.

• A PET (positron emission tomography) scan may help to show cancer activity in some other parts of the body. This can be helpful for “staging” the cancer (see

The articles by Erikson et al., Gatz, Korol et al., and Draganski et al. explore the concept of increased physical activity and/or mental activity having effects on the cognitive function and development or deterioration of the brain as we age. Although I agree that physical exercise is critical in increasing cognitive function because of the health benefits it provides, as well as the increased blood flow and circulation throughout the body, I ultimately believe that a healthy brain is not achieved solely by physical exercise or mental exercise, but both. I think there is a link between physical and mental exercise, and that the combination of these two activities creates higher cognitive functioning of the mind as well as the body. The mind and body come together and meet to make an overall healthy individual.