Surgical Site Infections

Surgical site infections (SSI) occur in 2 – 5% of ‘clean’ non-abdominal surgical procedures (Rothrock, 2007). Staphylococcus epidermidis is the most common cause for SSI in Orthopaedic surgery (NICE, 2008). Guidelines were produced by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) to try and reduce this infection rate and include a preoperative phase, (including hair removal and antibiotic prophylaxis), an intra-operative phase and postoperative phase.

In recent years, surgical site infections are verified as one of the most errors that are common in the healthcare; however, they are also preventable. These research papers will synthesis information about surgical infections, patient experience, hospital-acquired conditions and achievement of expected treatment for specific clinical diagnoses. A surgical site infection is an infected condition in the body after surgery has occurred. Surgical site infections are caused by germs, called bacteria. Different types of bacteria from the environment may cause a delay in healing. The infection may come from surgical tools or bacteria on the skin if it is not clean correctly. Healthcare professionals use certain guidelines and

5. Poulin,P., et al.(2014) Preoperative Skin Antiseptics for preventing surgical site infections: What to do?

Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on a practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer research articles to support your practice problem or issue of interest in 350-750 words.

Researchers will decide to select wound infections that occur after open heart surgery as a topic for their study, because it is significant for staff nurses to know the effect of wound infections that occurs with the adult patients. Researchers will obtain permission from the cardiac surgery center so that they could collect information from adult patients. They will also contact and meet with staff nurses in cardiac surgery center. Nurse educators will provide the form to all staff nurses working in the operating room. The form includes the title of the study, the purpose of the study, place of the work, duration of the study, potential benefits, potential risks, participant signature, and date. The reader can follow that consent

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs), specifically those involving multi-drug resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, as well as higher cost of healthcare and longer length of hospital stays for patients. Each year, millions of people acquire infections while receiving care, treatment, and services in hospitals and other health care organizations.

Perioperative prophylactic antibiotics for total joint replacements have been proven to reduce rates of surgical site infections.2-3 It is recommended that prophylactic antibiotics are administered within one hour prior to surgical incision and are discontinued within 24 hours following the end of surgery.4 First generation cephalosporins, such as cefazolin, are the agents most commonly utilized for antimicrobial prophylaxis in joint replacement procedures.2,5 Vancomycin may be used in addition to a first generation cephalosporin in institutions considered to have a high rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) surgical site infections. 2 If there is local data to suggest gram-negative pathogens as a cause of PJI then it is recommended to consider the addition

Surgical site infections are considered preventable. Because such infections are considered preventable, there are legal consequences directly connected to such a condition. In this paper, I will discuss what an SSI is and the reasons on why it is considered to be preventable. I will also discuss the role of disclosure and legal implications that are related to SSIs, accreditation expectations, and continuous quality monitoring as it relates to SSIs.

As nurses, taking care of patients with MRSA can be seen in everyday practice. It can be seen in patients with sepsis from an infected wound, patients who have pneumonia, or patients who only have a colonization for it (“Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), 2015”). Regardless if it’s colonization or an active infection, and the source of the infection, proper policies and procedures are in place to reduce the transmission of MRSA to other patients in the hospital or nursing home setting. This includes performing proper hand hygiene and standard precautions, as well as wearing protective gown and gloves when entering the patient’s room. It is very important to adhere to these policies and procedures and educate others on the importance of these policies and procedures to reduce the transmission of MRSA to others.

Osteomyelitis is a broad and debilitating disease typically triggered by a variety of conditions. Osteomyelitis starts off as inflammation seen within bone and bone marrow that can quickly progress into a large, subclassified infection. The length of time the infection has been present in the body and whether or not there is a pus formation or increased density among the infected bone is commonly used to classify severity. Pyrogenic bacteria or mycobacteria systematically attack the route and anatomic location of the infection evolving acute conditions into chronic ones. “Staphylococcus Aureus is a gram-positive, round shaped, non-mobile cocci typically found in clusters inside these wounds. Staphylococcus Aureus is one of the most common causes of infections after injury or surgery and affects nearly 500,000 patients in hospitals each year. Staphylococcus Aureus belongs to the family Staphylcoccaceae and survives by affecting all known mammalian species including humans” (www.news-medical.net). Osteomyelitis can start in one area of the body while spreading through the blood stream into other bone regions. Typical treatment options for Osteomyelitis includes antibiotics, removal of

Thank you, Melinda, for the feedback and all the supports. It is exciting to realize that, we are almost at the finishing point. As you mentioned, people with diabetes have difficulties healing. The surgical site infections (SSIs) increase the treatment cost of the healthcare related infections. As the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid services place penalties for the hospital readmission, the hospitals take all the measures to lower the SSIs (Barclay, 2016). Under such situations, diabetes and surgical site infections are always a concern.

1459). This study population included a total of 120 NH residents with an indwelling device (feeding tube and/or urinary catheter), and active surveillance cultures from the nares, oropharynx, groin, perianal area, wounds (if present), and device insertion site(s) were collected using swabs upon their enrollment, at day fourteen, and monthly thereafter (Gibson et al., 2014, p. 1459). Swabs were streaked onto mannitol salt agar and incubated at 35 degree Celsius for 48 hours. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and polymerase chain reaction for SCCmec, agr, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin were performed (Gibson et al., 2014, p. 1459). The study interest was the frequency of extra nasal versus nasal colonization in an NH resident with a new acquisition of MRSA, and data were analyzed using SAS 9.0. Categorical variables were compared using the x2 test, and continuous variables were compared

According to Walker and Avant (1995), concept analysis allows nursing to examine the attributes or

Unknown. MRSA carriers should be administered Vancomycin as antibiotic prophylaxis prior to arthroscopic surgery, however evidence is inconclusive at present.

Postoperative surgical site infections according to Nichol (2001) remain a major source of illness in surgical patients. Beaver, (2008) point out that surgical infection is one of the side effects that occur after a patient has gone for surgery.