Sustained Attention Performance

Attention is thought to be selective-focused on one subject at a time. Traditionally, it has been assumed that automatic processing is involuntary, it does not require attention, and is relatively fast; whereas, controlled processing is voluntary, does require attention, and is relatively slow. We can conclude from this that the more we repeat a certain material or tasks the more it becomes automatic and effortless to us.

Attention is considered to be a core cognitive process, it refers to how people actively process specific information in the environment. Attention refers to how people select from information and stimuli in the environment, facilitating processing of some of the stimuli and inhibiting processing of others. "Everyone knows what attention is, it is the taking possession by the mind in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought...It implies withdrawal from some things in order to deal effectively with others, and is a condition which has a real opposite in the confused, dazed, scatterbrained state. “This definition of attention was proposed by psychologist William James (1890). This review will focus on literature that gives explanation to selective attention. Selective attention refers to the process where a person is able to select out of many stimuli and focus on the one they want and ignore other stimuli.

In this experiment we tried to replicate the Monsell 2003 Task Switching experiment. 18 Participants took a brief task-switching test via program Revolution Maker©. Each trial was randomly assigned. The participants were presented with numbers one through nine and on each trial had to react to the number, to identify either its odd or even or if the magnitude was either less than 5 or more than 5. We hypothesis that when individuals are engaged in a cognitive task there is a time cost that occurs when asked to switch between tasks as opposed to repeating tasks.

Describe: There was 6 people in the room passing around 2 different basketballs. The one group of people was wearing white while the other was wearing black. The point of this video is to count how many times the ball is passed around among the people wearing white. As you are trying to count all the group members they are moving and passing the ball. You are so focused on counting that you miss the gorilla walking right in the middle of the group. The ball was passed 15 times around the group wearing white.

Last week I went to Chollas twice to make-up for the times that I missed the previous week. I noticed that my mentees really anticipate for me to come and I feel really bad if I miss one week of seeing them. However, last week it happened to be the opposite. My mentee ended up being absent because she was sick. So instead I helped Ms. Silva do little group activities and made sure that the students were on task. Has your mentee been absent before? If yes, what o you do help the classroom teacher? What are your plans for Halloween? Do you know what your mentee is doing for Halloween? Andrea, my mentee told me that Halloween is one of her favorite days in the year because she can eat as many candy as she wants. She plans to go trick or

These results mean that there was a big difference in reaction times during the trials that were more difficult in that they required more thought and attention to complete, and the trials that were simpler to complete. When the student’s attention was divided when the task required them to multitask, their reaction times became

Kanheman (1973) put forward the capacity/resource allocation model of attention. This is one of the best known models and suggests that humans have a limited amount of processing capacity and whether two or more tasks can be performed together

The fact that stimuli from the contralesional field was able to get through, brings up the idea of attended and unattended messages. In a healthy functioning brain, an attended message is the stimuli that a person focuses and concentrates their attention on. The unattended message is the stimuli that is largely or if not totally ignored. These two types of messages are what make up the concept of selective attention. With the case of impaired EN and SV, they were able to take in the unattended, or what was thought to be totally ignored, stimuli of the spiders occurring in their left field of space. They did not simply move their head to achieve this. Each kept their visual field fixated on a cross in the center of the screen as stimuli was

Attention is defined as “the concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli.” (McCallum, 2015) The fact that individuals can focus their attention on certain objects, while simultaneously ignoring irrelevant information so that they can focus on what is important is the theory of selective attention. (Cherry & Gans, “How We Use Selective Attention.” )

Attention - The behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of

Several studies have supported the perceptual load theory and the capability of irrelevant distractors to be processed automatically. In a visual search task, performance in which there was an extra

The cost of task switching for an individual normally leads to a higher error rate, one factor that has a big impact on error rate is the environment and how adjustable people are. Monsell (2003) states “responses take longer to initiate on a “switch trail”, than on a “non-switch” or tasks repetition trail, often by a substantial amount. The concept of the task-setting requires each individual to pay attention to, and classification of, a different element or attribute of the stimulus, or retrieval from memory or computation of a different property of the stimulus Monsell (2003). The point of task-setting examines how each individuals mind set should change based on the new task given. Task set gives an individual’s mind state to change to perform the specific operation based on the new task given at the change.

I think my personal experience with attention might be a little different than most because I have Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD), however, I have still experienced this scenario where I will be talking with someone in a noisy environment and my attention will shift easily to someone saying my name off in the distance. I believe this paradox of hearing your name even though you were blocking out the other voices before can be explained by brain processes. The brain is always filtering through tons of sensations, deciding which are important enough to pull your attention or not.

In Cavanaugh and Alvarez’s (2005) review article, attention is defined as the cognitive process that allows us to monitor objects or regions of visual space and select information from them for report or storage. Classically, attention was rooted in a single focus view. That is, humans could only be truly focused on one item at a time. However, this view was uprooted in a 1988 study by Pylyshyn and Storm which showed that humans could accurately track four or five targets.

Attention is a basic phycological feature and prerequisite of individual’s decision making but no purely an economic problem. However, any forms of (in)attention might be the cause of misleading information processing and pseudo reference point which have enormous economic and financial implications. Behavioral models of heuristics and biases are closely related to the variety of attentive behaviors such as divided attention, selective attention, limited attention, relative attention, revealed attention, and so forth. The limited attention, one of the special category of inattention, has increasingly been studied in economic and marketing research to explain its formation under different contexts, and its implications on decision models.