Symptomatic Essay

It was established that the patient’s symptoms were due to an aortic regurgitation this was confirmed by echocardiogram. The use of the SOAPIER model is an effective means of providing rationale for a holistic clinical decision making. The findings and treatment options were discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting including Mr Jones and family. The family were informed that surgery was the safest treatment option. Complications that could happen with or without surgery were also explained ensuring that the patient had adequate understanding to make a valid choice about his treatment. Mr Jones agreed that a replacement of the aortic valve with a mechanical valve was necessary, thus it last for more than twenty years or more . Mr Jones

A doctor may also suggest treatment later in a person’s life, if the disease worsens. If a cardiologist suggests medical treatment, two options include: Mitral Valve Repair or Mitral Valve Replacement. “If the patient chooses to have Mitral Valve Replacement, he or she should find a surgeon who satisfies three criteria; the surgeon should have a 90 percent or greater rate of successful repair, should have an extremely low rate of death from surgery (less than 1 percent) and should be proficient in operating with less invasive approaches, if your surgeon cannot provide these sorts of numbers, you need to move to another” (Gillinov 326). By reconnecting valve leaflets a surgeon can perform Mitral Valve Repair (mayoclinic.org). A surgeon can also remove excess tissue from the valve for a repair (mayoclinic.org). “The traditional approach to most aortic valve problems is to open the chest, remove the old valve, and sew in a new one” (Gillinov

Aortic arch angiogram: shows right aortic arch with the following branching pattern (from proximal to distal): left common carotid, right common carotid, right subclavian artery. The origin of left subclavian (with anomalous origin) was not seen as it was ligated previously. However, the distal portion is filled with diluted contrats likely through a retrograde flow through the left vertebral artery. Patent Rt MAPCA with no intimal ingrowth was seen in the previously placed stent at the origin of Rt MAPCA. Dilated tortus RIMA which is likely profusion the right upper lung lobe (aortopulmonary collaterals) left BT shunt is wide patent (connected left common carotid artery to the interposition graft) with good caliber with mild narrowing at its insertion in the interposition graft.

It was around 7 o’ clock in the afternoon on a Tuesday afternoon when my 7 year old patient almost bled out in a hallway at Nicklaus Children’s Hospital. This little girl had come back from a cardiac catheterization at 12 pm on March 29, 2016. This patient had a history of Patent Ductus Arteriosus, a heart condition in which the ductus arteriosus vessel fails to close after birth compromising the blood circulation by mixing oxygenated blood with the deoxygenated one (Tetsuya, et al., 2015).

There were no early or late postoperative deaths and we achieved 100% follow-up for included patients. No patient had aortic valve replacement after one year. Preoperatively the mean ejection fraction in group S was 62.33±4.39% while in group R was 59.53±6.10%, the width of the regurgitant jet in group S was 34.67±2.72 % and in the group, R was 35.73±1.87 % ( p-value non-significant). Postoperatively after 1 year follow up the width of the regurgitant jet in group S increased significantly to 37.27±4.67% ( p > 0.5) while in group S almost remained unchanged 34.73±4.13% ( p <

even fatal to patients. When the malformations of the valve reach a critical point in

Some lifestyle-related conditions and decisions increase the likelihood of a person having heart disease. Some examples are diabetes, overweight and obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity and excessive consumption of alcohol. High blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (BAD) cholesterol, and smoking are key risk factors for heart disease. LBD is considered to be "bad" cholesterol because having high levels can lead to accumulation in the arteries, which can cause heart disease and stroke. If you lower your blood pressure and cholesterol, and if you do not smoke, you will reduce your chances of having heart disease. Now, in case of emergency, angioplasty which is the best treatment needs to get done. In this case we need to kake in consideration that not all hospitals are capable to made the process, so we need to be aware of our options. After the angioplasty you should take a daily medication, which will help your heart adapt to the implanted stents and they will not close again, a phenomenon known as restenosis, his medication should not be forgotten any day in order to minimize future

“Valvular heart disease is responsible for more than 22 000 deaths each year in the United States. (Patel, Green et al 2014). Thousands of people live long and healthy lives not knowing the they have valvular disease. Due to this, majority of these deaths are from the elderly population. Those who have succumbed to this disease, apart from those who attained it due to congenital reasons, usually have another disease of the heart or vascular system such as coronary disease or hypertension. The risk factors “ include male sex, smoking, hypertension, elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), coronary atherosclerosis, congenital bicuspid valve, and advanced age ( Patel, Green et al 2014). According to the article, men are at a higher risk for valvular disease than women, however, advanced age is the most significant risk factor for attaining this disease. When patients become symptomatic, the treatments of valvular stenosis become necessary in order to increase the quantity of blood needed for systemic circulation, thus prolonging quality of life.

1. Angioplasty: Kereiakes and Wetherill write that “angioplasty is a procedure in which a heart doctor inserts a balloon catheter over a thin wire across an artery. The balloon is inflated and compresses the plaque to clear the arteries of any blockage.”(p. 106-107).

Precise measurements of aortic valve stenosis are fundamental in determining whether or not an aortic valve replacement is necessary when managing patients with aortic stenosis. Doppler echocardiography is used to evaluate the progression of aortic stenosis, however, this imaging technique involves certain limitations. One of the limitations, is determining which parameter to use when evaluating the severity of aortic stenosis. There are four parameters used: transvalvular gradient, aortic valve area, peak aortic jet velocity and multidetector computed tomography; each parameter have their own advantages and disadvantages. Another limitation, is determining which modality to use when a single parameter is the cause of inaccurate grading of

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a very important and difficult surgery for aortic valve and this surgery happened instead of aortic valve replacement. TAVI is an invasive procedure to aortic valve. In this invasive surgery a new valve that is made from biological materials of cows, is inserted through a catheter to the heart.

The ideal prosthetic valve that combines excellent hemodynamic performance and long-term durability without increased thromboembolic risk or the need for long-term anticoagulation does not exist. Choice of operation and the prosthesis used for those patients undergoing valve replacement is important for each individual patient and ideally should be made together by the patient, cardiologist, and surgeon.

There are many new technologies and advancements within the cardiovascular community. These technologies and advancements happen frequently and are to help better the equipment for better outcomes for patients treated. One of the new technologies that has made great strides is the orbital atherectomy. Orbital atherectomy is a technology created by a company called Cardiovascular Systems Inc. (CSI). What the new device does is make it easier and safer for balloon and stent administration within a heavily calcified vessel. The ORBIT is a new instrument used during a catheterization procedure that can break up calcified plaque. Patients that have a clogged coronary artery, that is restricting the blood flow to the heart would benefit from the

Background: Acute aortic dissection is a common life-threatening disorder affecting the aorta. The immediate mortality rate in aortic dissection is as high as 1% per hour over the first several hours, making early diagnosis and treatment critical for survival. Case presentation: We are presenting a case of Stanford Type A aortic dissection in a 58-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension. He arrived at the emergency department (ED) with diagnosed acute coronary syndrome a few hours after a sudden and severe worsening of his epigastric pain. Interesting case where the dissection starts from the orifice of the right coronary artery, occupies the aortic valve. Conclusion: Predictors of follow-up this cause mortality reflect patient

Vessel disease. It is an invasive and high risky procedure including a small risk of coro