Symptoms And Diagnosis Of Measles, Mumps, And Rubella

Before a child is able to attend school they are required to get the measles vaccination, but lately there have been some controversy on the vaccination. In this paper I will be explaining what the measles vaccination is, benefits of the vaccinations, and cons of the vaccination.

Hand, foot, and mouth are parts of human body have the highest change to get contagious infection. There are many viruses but Enterovirus groups, (most common is the coxsackie virus) is the main factor. These viruses can spread through direct contact from person to person especially with those have bad habits such as: unusually washed hands or surfaces contaminated with feces. An infected person’s saliva, stool, or respiratory secretions can transmit the infection.

Measles has not been across the board in the United States for approximately a decade, until 2014. There were 603 cases from January 1st to October 31st. In 2015, from January 1st to February 6th, there was 121 more cases reported (Pewresearch). “With all the vaccines we have today, there should not be as many measles outbreak in the United States as there has been in the past year…”, says Dr. Jamie Akins, a physician at Texoma Pediatrics in Durant, Oklahoma. This virus can almost be prevented by your child being vaccinated with the two doses of the MMR vaccine. These two vaccines prevent your child from getting the measles virus by 97%. The first of the MMR should be given at the age of 12-15 months of age, then the second dose should be administered at the age 4-6 years old (pewsearch).

It isn’t transmitted as an infectious disease. It’s based around the actual spreading of the disease its self and the areas of the body its spread to and the stage it’s currently at.

The route of transmission of the disease is via infected droplets that spray into the air when people cough, sneeze or talk. These droplets can then be inhaled by other people who are in close proximity to the person who is infected. Unfortunately, these droplets can remain active and contagious for several hours on a surface, such that when you touch it with your fingers and then touch your nose or mouth you can become infected. While most cases are easily diagnosed by simply looking at the patient, in the majority of cases it is preferable to have blood tests to confirm 100%. Typically the patient will have a rash that looks like small, bright Koplik’s spots on the inside

In Michelle Fox’s article, Expect measles outbreak to continue, says doctor, Dr. William Schaffner, Vanderbilt University’s School of Medicine, says that the outbreak will continue for some time because there is a sufficient number of unvaccinated children to continue the spread of measles. According to the CDC, there have been 84 cases of measles and 67 of those have been linked to the outbreak at Disney. Dr. Schaffner also reiterates that measles can be brought to the United States from overseas. If someone from another country comes here with measles and is around unvaccinated children, there is potential to spread the disease.

Most of today's society imagines a “perfect life” graduating high school then college, finding your “dream” job, marrying the man of your dreams and finally having children. In today's society vaccinating your child has become a dilemma among young parents. One of the main reasons there is a dilemma is Autism is being linked to the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccinations. Doctors recommend everyone be vaccinated in order to protected from three potential illnesses. (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Vaccine. (2014, September 11). Retrieved April 7, 2015.) The (MMR) vaccination is two series of shots. The vaccinations are recommended to be administered at a young age. The first series of shots is typically given between the ages of twelve

Individuals that are not fully immunized should be identified and counseled regarding the risk involved especially when travelling out of the country or to areas frequented by international travelers such as amusement parks (SC DHEC, 2015). The identification process should occur at every point of care, including the emergency room, physician office, health department, and school nurse. This identification process and subsequent education could decrease the number of persons that are not receiving vaccinations in a timely manner. Vaccines should be available for administration at every service provider location in the community to improve timely vaccinations. The education provided in the community regarding measles and outbreak control strategies should be provided face to face as well as reinforced with posters and pamphlets available through the CDC

Secondly, are parents following the recommended vaccination schedule for their children? The CDC (2016) recommends children receive the first dose between 12 and 15 months of age with the second dose being administered at four to six years of

This virus is generally transmitted from infected to non-infected individuals through small water droplets released from the infected individuals through coughing, sneezing, and/or contact with mucus and other infected secretions. This virus can withstand living in the small water droplets, outside the host, on many household surfaces for up to two hours. The incubation period for this host averages from one to two weeks, with the virus replicating inside the host, but no symptoms occurring. It is only until four days before the rash appears, and four days after the rash is gone that this virus is

Measles is an airborne disease that is spread through respiration (contact with fluids from an infected person's nose and mouth, either directly or through aerosol transmission (coughing or sneezing)), and is highly contagious—90% of people without immunity sharing living space with an infected person will catch it.[4] An asymptomatic incubation period occurs nine to twelve days from initial exposure. The period of infectivity has not been definitively established, some saying it lasts from two to four days prior, until two to five days following the onset of the rash (i.e., four to nine days infectivity in total), whereas others say it lasts from two to four days prior until the complete disappearance of the rash. The rash usually appears

Sharing and contact with articles such as jackets, hats, and bedding of the person who is infected.

It is also very transmissible through shaking hands, and handling something that a person with infected with pyogenes has touched. These are the most common ways to contract Strep. throat. (2,3)

The Latin name for measles is rubeola. The pathogen which causes the disease is a paramyxovirus, which is one of a group of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses. Measles is a respiratory disease caused by a virus, and also comes out in a rash. The virus enters the body via the respiratory system, and grows in the cells at the back of the throat and in the cells that line the lungs, from there it then enters the blood stream and circulates the body.

SARS appears to spread by close person-to-person contact. It is thought that transmission is most readily occurred through respiratory droplets. These can be produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. These droplets are propelled through the air and are deposited on the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose, or eyes of a person that is nearby. It is also possible that the virus can spread when a person touches a surface or object contaminated with infectious droplets and then touches their mouth, nose, or eyes. Furthermore, it is possible that SARS-CoV might be airborne spread or by other methods that are not yet known.