Major depression is occurring when you feel depressed most of the time for most of the days of the week. Some symptoms for this type of depression include weight loss or weight gain, suicidal thoughts, being tired, having no energy, feeling guilty, and feeling worthless. Talking to a therapist can help with this. The doctor will usually make you meet with a mental health specialist who will help with the depression you’re feeling. Doctors also recommend antidepressants. If those two things don’t work, the other two options the doctor might give you are electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). rTMS uses a magnet to raise certain parts of the brain activity and ECT uses electrical pulses. What this does is that it helps the parts of your brain that manage your mood work better. In other words, lighten up your mood. Persistent Depressive Disorder is basically if your depression lasts for 2 years or more. Before they would refer to it as dysthymia. The symptoms for this depression include sleeping too much or too little, low self-esteem, changes in your appetite, also trouble concentrating and poor decision making. This can be either treated with medication, psychotherapy, or both at the same time. Bipolar disorder, which used to be known as manic depression is basically mood episodes where you go from an “up” mood to a low “depressive” mood. Medication is the main thing the doctor would suggest. Usually, lithium serves as a mood
Major depressive disorder is a condition when a person experiences two or more weeks of depressed mood or lack of interest in things that usually gave them pleasure not due to any drugs or other medical condition. For this condition to be present a person must show at least five signs of depression (classified as: depressed mood most of the day; diminished interest in activities; significant weight loss or weight gain when not dieting; insomnia or too much sleep; lethargy; fatigue; feelings of worthlessness or inappropriate guilt; difficulty concentrating or thinking; and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide). Bipolar disorder on the other hand is when an individual alternates between hopelessness and an overexcited state of mania. Mood disorders run in families. Women are at twice the risk of having depression and today we find that depression is widespread. Although the majority of depressive episodes end on their own they are usually induced by a stressful event. The risk of suicide or self-injury is higher in individuals who are
If you 've been treated for depression but your symptoms haven 't improved, you may have treatment-resistant depression. Taking an antidepressant or going to psychological counseling (psychotherapy) eases depression symptoms for most people. But with treatment-resistant depression, standard treatments aren 't enough. They may not help much at all, or your symptoms may improve, only to keep coming back.
According to the National Institute of Mental Health there are several forms. There is major depression severe symptoms that interfere with your ability to work, sleep, and study, eat, and enjoy life. An episode can occur only once in a person’s lifetime, but more often, a person has several episodes. There is persistent depressive disorder which is depressed mood that lasts for at least 2 years.
What is major depressive disorder? Major depressive disorder is a psychiatric disorder documented in the DSM. Major depressive disorder interferes with an individual's normal functioning in everyday life and causes pain to the person with this disorder and to those close to the person. Individuals with major depressive disorder cannot just "pull themselves out" of this depression on their own and the symptoms accompanied with this disorder can last for weeks, months, and even years (Butcher, Mineka, and Hooley, 2013, p. 221-22). Recognizing the symptoms is critical because most people need treatment to get better.
Clinical Depression is another term that is used for MDD. The signs and symptoms present in clinical depression include sadness, tearfulness, emptiness or hopelessness. A person may experience outburst due to anger or agitation. These individuals will become mad over small matters. There are changes and disturbances in sleeping and eating patterns, lack and loss of interest over previously pleasurable activities, and some may even experience physical problems such as back pain and headaches. The most serious symptom that may be present is the thoughts, planning and attempts of suicide. It is extremely important that any one feeling this way is receiving help immediately. Depression can be caused by a number of things, although an exact cause
Christine is a 47-year old married Caucasian female. She currently takes Lexapro, 50mg, and has been taking it for 8 years. She reports a diagnosis of major depressive disorder. She has twice attempted suicide, both times she was under the influence of alcohol and took pills (two handfuls of ibuprofen). She reports to you that she often thinks about “not wanting to be here [alive].” What questions would you ask her? What are things you would consider about her case? What would you report to her prescriber? As her counselor, what would you want to work on?
Recently, critics have questioned the ability of SSRIs to reduce the symptoms of clinical depression. Dr. Hieronymous and his researchers believe high rates of unsuccessful clinical trials additionally fuel negative critiques. The team from University of Gothenburg, Department of pharmacology set out to investigate 32 past trials concerning new medications- many containing similar compounds to those found in common market SSRIs such as Paxil, Prozac, Celexa, and Zoloft. Greater than half of the company-sponsored SSRI trials, using common test protocols, demonstrated significant depression relief regarding active drug versus placebo groups. Their resulting data points out possible depression measuring defects as a possible source of trial failure, rather than solely SSRI drug ineffectiveness.
This case study pertains to a 37 year-old female named Ellen Waters of undisclosed race who appears to be suffering with some form of a depressive disorder. Ellen is a single (never married) graduate student who lives alone and works in home healthcare. Throughout her adult life she has been unable to or uninterested in maintaining a job or a relationship for longer than a few years, and even her current relationship may be waning (the longest she’s had, at about six years). Her early family life was tumultuous; there was heavy domestic strife between her parents, her father abused alcohol, and Ellen reported that both parents emotionally abused her (there is no mention of siblings). Ellen first attempted suicide at age
Depression has been a part of our lives for as long as humans have been on the earth. Everyone has had days when nothing was going right. But it all depends with an individual how to handled this adversity and how depressed that person becomes.
In the case of Howard, we see a collection of multiple different symptoms going on in which one would believe leads to one or multiple mental disorders. The first one that comes to mind would be the one of a depressive mood disorder. If we look closely at the symptoms that are provided in the case we see that although he does show multiple symptoms that would lead to depressive mood disorder that one would think would be a correct diagnosis, if we look closer into the symptoms and criteria we find that it is false. In order for a person to be diagnosed as having a depressive mood disorder, they must have been in a depressive mood and experiencing at least five of the symptoms that are listed for at least two consecutive weeks. Howard indeed has more than five of the symptoms that have been listed in the DSM-V. The symptoms that Howard exhibits are feeling empty, worthless, losing weight, loss of weight and thoughts of suicide.
Severe depression can have a devastating effects on not only individuals, but also on their families and communities. Depressive disorders when severe or prolonged enough can cause some patients to seek to harm themselves, or worse; to seek to end their lives. While over the last century there have been significant strides in the treatment of depression, there still is much work to be done. May medication that treat depression take a long time for patient to reach therapeutic dosages, mean that patients often have to wait weeks on longer for their symptoms to improve. Because of the significant time for these medication to begin to cause patients depression to enter remission, there is a critical time frame in which patients need help or
Depressive disorders include a group of depressive behaviors characterized by loss of interests in activities and often coupled with unhappiness. Criteria for diagnosing depressive disorders are based on DSM-5 that gives symptoms and periods for different conditions. The clinical criteria cannot function alone it is accompanied psychological and physical evaluation to eliminate diseases that mimic depression. Depressive disorders are caused by a combination of factors including environmental, genetic, biochemical and psychological factors. The interaction cause depressive episodes in individuals. The exhibited symptoms vary from individual to individual they include lack of interest in activities, fatigue, altered sleep patterns, change in appetite, feelings of worthlessness and also suicidal thoughts. Types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder, Persistent Depressive Disorder, and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder among others. Treatment includes forms of therapy like psychotherapy and drugs depending on the severity of depression. Family and friends are important in recovery of depressed individuals by offering support needed to follow prescriptions and support during recovery. Depressive disorders are diverse, but they all affect the wellbeing of individuals in relation to their work, social relations, and education needs (NIH, 2015).
Nearly twenty million people suffer from depression in the United States each year. Depression is often overlooked and undetected by health care providers. Patients with depression experience a long-term, intense feeling of sadness that interferes with their daily lives. Other symptoms leading to a diagnosis include changes in appetite, problems falling and staying asleep, feelings of hopelessness or helplessness, decrease in energy, change in behavior and mood, and frequent thoughts of death and suicide. However, once identified and diagnosed, clinical depression can be treated. Treatment comes in traditional, pharmacological antidepressants as well as alternative, non-pharmacological methods. This paper will address and compare treatment options as well as examine depression from a Biblical worldview and in the nursing role. This is in hopes to better identify and treat depression in patients, better educate patients of treatment options, and help patients to lean on God as the ultimate healer. [Pathophysiology-etiology and manifestations]ADD
Whilst symptoms of depression are present in many mental health conditions, major depressive episodes (MDE) feature more highly in both bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Some experts argue it is diagnostically challenging to make a differential diagnosis due to the clinical presentation of a MDE in a bipolar patient often having little to distinguish it from that of a patient with MDD (Almeida & Phillips, 2013; Hirschfeld, 2014). This diagnostic challenge has contributed to BD being both under-recognised and often misdiagnosed as MDD (Hirschfeld, 2014; Leonpacher, et al., 2015). Additionally, there are everyday barriers practitioners face such as limited time for diagnostic evaluation, directing patients to critical therapies, including the variety of potential symptoms and limitations in DSM-5 (Culpepper, 2014). The results of inaccurate diagnosis and inappropriate treatments can lead to seriously harmful outcomes for patients, including suicide (Almeida & Phillips, 2013; Hirschfeld, 2014). The DSM-5 protocol is designed to improve a clinician 's accuracy through the broadening of its categorisation compared to that of DSM-IV. Some experts have suggested that the accuracy of diagnosis could be greatly increased by the use of both a dimensional and categorical classification approach and more probabilistic models, as well as using neuroimaging to identify biomarkers of bipolar disorder. This would ultimately optimise clinical and functional
Depression most people will go through a form of it at least once in their life. Most of the time, though this will be a smaller case which is not very evident in their life. But in Shiloh you will see not just a minor form of depression but also some more major forms of it pop up its ugly head. And how is this? Well in Shiloh we are living inside of Leroy’s head, and we see through his head many types of depression, including; Atypical Depression, Bipolar Disorder, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD).